Objective To investigate the predictive capacity of the Triglyceride-Glucose(TyG)index and the Triglyceride-Glucose-Body Mass Index(TyG-BMI)for the development of hyperuricemia(HUA)in a health examination population,and to identify suitable indicators as risk assessment tools for HUA.Methods This study ultimately included 12 004 participants from a health examination cohort.According to SUA levels,the partici-pants were categorized into a normal group(n=9 952)and a hyperuricemia(HUA)group(n=2 052).The TyG index and TyG-BMI index were calculated,and participants were further stratified into four groups(Q1—Q4)based on the quartiles of these indices.Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between TyG,TyG-BMI,and HUA.The predictive value of TyG,TyG-BMI,and their combination for HUA was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curves and the Area Under the Curve(AUC).Subgroup analyses were carried out by gender and age.Results The TyG and TyG-BMI indices were significantly elevated in the HUA group compared to the normal group.The prevalence of HUA was markedly higher in the TyG-Q4 and TyG-BMI-Q4 groups than in the other three corresponding quartile groups.Binary logistic regression analysis revealed a positive association between TyG,TyG-BMI levels,and the risk of HUA.The AUC values for predicting HUA using TyG,TyG-BMI,and their combination were 0.700,0.747,and 0.822,respectively.Specifically,for males,the AUC values were 0.641,0.674,and 0.709,respectively,whereas for females,they were 0.742,0.776,and 0.829,respectively.Among individuals younger than 60 years old,the AUC values were 0.716,0.759,and 0.835,respectively,while for those aged 60 years or older,the values were 0.614,0.645,and 0.731,respectively.Conclusions TyG and TyG-BMI are significantly associated with the risk of HUA.Specifically,TyG-BMI demon-strates superior predictive performance compared to TyG alone.Moreover,the combination of TyG and TyG-BMI further improves predictive accuracy,particularly among female and middle-aged or younger populations.

Objective To investigate the value of geometric parameters of vertebrobasilar artery(VBA)for judging whether vertebral artery(VA)provide cross blood supply of posterior cerebral artery(PCA)blood supply area.Methods MR T2-fluid attenuated inversion recovery(FLAIR),3D time of flight(TOF)MR angiography(MRA)and territorial arterial spin labeling(t-ASL)images of 244 healthy adults were prospectively acquired.The angles between left VA(LVA)or right VA(RVA)and basilar artery(BA)were measured,and the sum and difference between the two angles were calculated(referred to as the sum of VA angles and the difference of VA angles),and the differences of diameters of LVA and RVA were measured and calculated(referred to as the difference of VA diameters).VA perfusion distribution type in PCA blood supply area were observed,and those with type Ⅲ or Ⅵ were enrolled in cross group,while those with type Ⅱ or Ⅴ were enrolled in non-cross group,respectively.The geometric parameters of VBA were compared between groups.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve of parameters being significant different between groups were drawn,and the efficacy of these parameters for judging whether VA provide cross blood supply of PCA area were evaluated.Results There were 34 subjects in cross group and 75 in non-cross group.The sum of VA angles and the difference of VA angles in cross group were both larger than those in non-cross group(both P＜0.05),while the difference of VA diameters were not significantly different between groups(P＞0.05).The AUC of the difference of VA angles for judging whether VA provide cross blood supply of PCA area was 0.676(P＜0.05),while of the sum of VA angles was 0.598(P=0.103).Conclusion The angle differences of LVA and RVA with BA had certain application value for judging whether VA provide cross blood supply of PCA area.

Objective To explore the perfusion distribution of vertebral arteries(VA)in healthy adults,and to observe the impact of VA diameter on perfusion distribution based on territorial arterial spin labeling(t-ASL)technique.Methods A total of 228 healthy adult volunteers were prospectively recruited.t-ASL imaging was utilized to analyze VA perfusion patterns in supratentorial region.Bilateral VA diameters,absolute inter-side VA diameter differences,as well as perfusion volumes(PV)supplied by each VA to supratentorial,cerebellar and their combined were recorded.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to analyze the correlations of VA diameters with PVsupratentorial,PVcerebellar and PVsupratentorial+cerebellar.Results Five patterns of distinct perfusion distribution were identified in supratentorial region,leading to participant stratification into 5 groups.Significant differences of absolute inter-side VA diameter differences was found among groups(P＜0.001).The mean bilateral VA diameter,PVsupratentorial,PVcerebellar and PVsupratentorial+cerebellar was(1.94±0.49)mm,(91.77±49.34)cm3,(74.72±27.68)cm3 and(166.49±59.53)cm3,respectively.VA diameter showed low-moderate positive correlations with PVsupratentorial,PVcerebellar and PVsupratentorial+cerebellar(r=0.483,0.179,0.484,all P＜0.001).Conclusion Perfusion imaging of t-ASL could visualize various perfusion distribution forms of VA in supratentorial region.Diameter of VA had certain impact on both spatial distribution characteristics and quantitative perfusion volumes.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of AlignRT-guided positioning by comparing two positioning workflows for pelvic tumor radiotherapy,and to further explore the feasibility of using it to replace skin marker alignment.Methods Forty cases of pelvic tumor treated with radiotherapy using Infinity accelerator in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between March 2022 and March 2023 were included in the study,with 20 cases using the skin marker alignment workflow and the other 20 adopting AlignRT-guided positioning workflow.The translational errors(LAT,LNG,VRT)and rotational errors(Yaw,Pitch,Roll)were determined by the registration of pre-treatment cone-beam CT(CBCT)with planned CT.Both CBCT shifts and error offset distributions were analyzed;planning target volume(PTV)margins were calculated;and correlation analyses were conducted among six-dimensional errors,and between body mass index and setup errors.Results The median translational and rotational setup errors of skin marker alignment workflow vs AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.19-0.34 cm vs 0.10-0.15 cm and 0.50°-1.30°vs 0.50°-0.70°,with the maximum offset ranges of 1.20-1.70 cm vs 0.42-0.47 cm and 2.00°-5.50° vs 1.80°-2.00°,respectively.Additionally,for skin marker alignment workflow,inter-fractional errors>0.5 cm and>3° were observed in 23.3%and 9.8%of fractions.The PTV margins of AlignRT-guided positioning workflow were 0.37,0.38 and 0.34 cm in the left-right,superior-inferior and anterior-posterior directions,respectively,which were much smaller than those of skin marker alignment workflow(0.67,1.22 and 0.95 cm).No correlation was found between six-dimensional errors in two positioning workflows.When using AlignRT-guided positioning workflow,the setup errors in LAT,LNG and Pitch directions had low correlations with body mass index.Conclusion In pelvic tumor radiotherapy,AlignRT-guided positioning can reduce translational and rotational errors,achieve precise setup and excellent inter-fractional reproducibility and stability,and replace traditional skin marker alignment while being used in conjunction with CBCT.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on terminal disinfection in wards of medical institutions.METHODS The surfaces of highly frequent contact objects of the wards of the First Affilia-ted Hospital of Nanchang University from which the public health center patients were discharged between Apr.2024 and Jun.2024 were respectively disinfected with 0.5％(low)and 5％(high)concentrations of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,totally 180 samples were randomly collected before and after the disinfection,and the pathogens were detected.The air of the wards from which the public health center patients were discharged be-tween Jul.2024 and Aug.2024 were disinfected with hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,and 90 sam-ples were respectively collected before and after the disinfection.Geobacillus stearothermophilus was used as the biological indicator and placed at various points within the air-disinfected wards to evaluate the disinfection level.The environmental sampling results and distribution of bacteria were observed and compared.RESULTS The qualified rates of disinfection of the object surfaces were 95.56％(86/90)and 98.89％(89/90)respectively for the low and high concentratioins of hydrogen peroxide disinfecting wipes,and there was no significant difference in the disinfection effect.Totally 120 strains of pathogens were isolated from unqualified samples before the disinfection,among which gram-negative bacteria(69.17％)were dominant,and the isolation rate of multidrug-resistant or-ganisms was 22.50％(27/120);only 1 strain of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated after the disinfection.The qualified rate of disinfection of air in the wards was 96.00％by 7.5％hydrogen peroxide dry mist disinfection device,the average bacterial colony counts in the air were 2 CFU/(5 min·vsl)after the dis-infection,and the killing rate of Geobacillus stearothermophilus was 100.00％by the air disinfection.CONCLUSION The hydrogen peroxide disinfectant can meet the requirement for terminal disinfection of the wards of the medical institutions,and it is portable and highly efficient.

Objective:To investigate the protective effects of incremental hemodialysis (iHD) combined with furosemide on residual kidney function (RKF) in end-stage renal disease patients who initiate dialysis with preserved RKF.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial. The patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease who initiated hemodialysis at the Department of Nephrology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from May 2021 to May 2023 were enrolled. The clinical data were collected and analyzed. The patients were randomly assigned to either iHD group (two 4-hour sessions per week or three 3-hour sessions per week, with oral furosemide 40-80 mg twice daily) or the standard HD group (three 4-hour sessions per week, with oral furosemide 40-80 mg twice daily). Differences in clinical characteristics and RKF were assessed between the two groups of patients at 3 months and 6 months, and the differences between the clinical characteristic and the baseline level at 6 months were analyzed, along with the incidence of adverse events.Results:A total of 87 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of whom 75 completed this study. The mean age was (53.45±12.57) years old, with 37 females (49.33%) and 38 males (50.67%). The patients were assigned to iHD group (39 cases) and standard HD group (36 cases). At 3 months of the trial, compared with standard HD group, the level of serum C-reactive protein was significantly decreased, and the level of eGFR was significantly increased in the iHD group. At 6 months of the trial, the levels of systolic blood pressure, serum β 2-microglobulin, average ultrafiltration volume and C-reactive protein were significantly decreased, and the levels of eGFR, 24-hour urine volume were significantly increased in the iHD group ( P<0.05). The difference in eGFR, urine volume and systolic blood pressure between the iHD group and the baseline level was significantly smaller than that between the standard HD group and the baseline level (all P<0.05). In contrast, the differences in C-reactive protein was significantly greater than that in standard HD group and the baseline level ( P<0.05). At the 3rd, 6th month of the trial, the 24-h urine volumes of iHD group and standard HD group were (955±219) ml/24 h vs. (847±143) ml/24 h, (914±151) ml/24 h vs. (827±124) ml/24 h, showing statistically significant differences ( t=2.510, P=0.014; t=2.729, P=0.008). Adverse events mainly included pulmonary infections (22 cases), fluid overload during the dialysis interval (or more than 5% of the ideal dry weight, 12 cases), heart failure (4R or 4NR grade, 7 cases), hyperkalemia (6 cases), and thrombosis or failure of vascular access (3 cases). The incidence of adverse events did not differ statistically between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:iHD combined with furosemide helps preserve RKF and maintain urine output within 6 months compared with standard HD in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Abstract Prenatal stress is a common, systemic, nonspecific stress response that occurs during pregnancy. The gut microbiota, which is known as the “second genome” of the human body, interacts with all major systems of the body. Changes in the gut microbiota can impact the development and health of infants and young children. Advances in research technology have allowed us to uncover the relationship between prenatal stress and imbalances in offspring intestinal microbiota, as well as the development of multiple systemic diseases. However, the exact mechanisms through which prenatal stress disrupts the gut microbiota of offspring remain incompletely understood. This review summarizes the existing research on diseases caused by prenatal stress disrupting the offspring intestinal flora, and seeks future research directions to expand the understanding of the pathogenesis of infant diseases.

Abstract Asthma is a well-characterized heterogeneous disease marked by airway remodeling and chronic airway inflammation. Clinically, the treatment of asthma primarily relies on hormonal drugs. However, the long-term use of these medications can lead to significant side effects. Mitophagy is a biological process that selectively transports damaged mitochondria to lysosomes for degradation. Recent research has revealed the crosstalk between mitophagy and asthma. Accordingly, taking mitophagy as an entry point, summarizing the key molecular mechanisms and regulators of mitophagy in asthma will facilitate the development of novel intervention targets and strategies for asthmatic treatment.

Adolescent depression is increasingly recognized as a serious mental health disorder with distinct clinical and molecular features. Using single-nucleus RNA sequencing, we identified cell-specific transcriptomic changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), particularly in astrocytes, of adolescent macaques exhibiting depressive-like behaviors. The level of diacylglycerol kinase beta was significantly reduced in neurons and glial cells of depressed macaques, while FKBP5 levels increased in glial cells. Disruption of GABAergic synapses and disruption of D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism were linked to depressive phenotypes in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and subtypes of astrocytes. Communication pathways between astrocytes and D1/D2-MSNs were also disrupted, involving factors like bone morphogenetic protein-6 and Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase-4. Bulk transcriptomic and proteomic analyses corroborated these findings, and FKBP5 upregulation was confirmed by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence in the NAc of rats and macaques with chronic unpredictable mild stress. Our results highlight the specific roles of different cell types in adolescent depression in the NAc, offering potential targets for new antidepressant therapies.
Animals ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism* ; Male ; Transcriptome ; Depression/genetics* ; Astrocytes/metabolism* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Rats

Objective To Investigate the efficacy of modified electroconvulsive therapy(MECT)in patients with schizophrenia across different genders.Methods From May 2018 to August 2022,481 patients with schizophrenia were recruited from three psychiatric hospitals in Luzhou,Zigong,and Yibin.According to gender grouping,both groups received adjunctive MECT treatment for two consecutive weeks for a total of six treatments.The differences in positive and negative syndrome scale(PANSS)scores before and after treatment,UKU adverse reaction rating scale(UKU),and gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS)scores were compared between the two groups.Results After quality control,463 cases were followed up for analysis including 246 males and 217 females.Compared with pre-treatment,the total PANSS score and scores on each subscale were significantly reduced in both genders after treatment(P<0.001).When comparing the reduction rates between the groups,the male patients showed a higher reduction rate in negative symptoms than the female patients(31.24%±30.24%vs.25.80%±33.96%,P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences between the two groups in the reduction rates of the total score,positive symptoms,and general psychopathology(P>0.05).The comparison of adverse reactions showed that the frequency of other types of adverse reactions was higher in female patients than in male patients(47.47%vs.37.80%,P<0.05).However,no significant differences were observed in the adverse reactions related to the mental,neurological,autonomic nervous system,and gastrointestinal systems(P>0.05).Correlation analysis revealed that the reduction rate of the PANSS total score was positively correlated with smoking history(r=0.135,P=0.034)and alcohol history(r=0.160,P=0.012)in male patients,while the reduction rate of the PANSS total score was negatively correlated with the disease duration(r=-0.210,P=0.002)and positively correlated with the age of onset(r=0.145,P=0.032)in female patients.Conclusion MECT is significantly effective for both male and female patients with schizophrenia.Compared to female patients,MECT shows a more pronounced effect on negative symptoms in male patients.Additionally,the factors related to the efficacy of MECT differ between genders,indicating that it is necessary to consider the clinical characteristics of patients comprehensively when selecting an MECT treatment plan.