Sennoside A (SA), a typical prodrug, exerts its laxative effect only after its transformation into rheinanthrone catalyzed by gut microbial hydrolases and reductases. Hydrolases have been identified, but reductases remain unknown. By linking a photoreactive group to the SA scaffold, we synthesized a photoaffinity probe to covalently label SA reductases and identified SA reductases using activity-based protein profiling (ABPP). From lysates of an active strain, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (B. pseudocatenulatum), 397 proteins were enriched and subsequently identified using mass spectrometry (MS). Among these proteins, chromate reductase/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) phosphate (NADPH)-dependent flavin mononucleotide (FMN) reductase/oxygen-insensitive NADPH nitroreductase (nfrA) was identified as a potent SA reductase through further bioinformatic analysis and The Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) database screening. We also determined that recombinant nfrA could reduce SA. Our study contributes to further illuminating mechanisms of SA transformation to rheinanthrone and simultaneously offers an effective method to identify gut bacterial reductases.

Objective To analyze the medication regularity of the prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan; To provide references for inheritance of his academic ideas.Methods The prescriptions in the work of Li Dong Yuan were inputted into the TCM Inheritance Supporting System (V2.5). By using revised mutual information, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical clustering, the composing medication regularity was analyzed.Results Based on the analysis of 470 entries of prescriptions, the frequency of 44 entries was more than 30 times; 19 combinations contained 2 to 3 entries, including 11 entries in total; 14 medicine association rules and their confidence coefficient were obtained, which leaded to 54 new core combinations and 27 new prescriptions. Conclusion The results of this study show Li Dong Yuan’s academic idea of “internal injuries of spleen and stomach, all diseases will born”, which guides the medication regularity of using medicine with the functions of strengthening the middle jiao, invigorating yang, tonifying qi and reinforcing the stomach. The results also provide data support for further study.

Objective To design a worksheet generation software for satisfy the two CHEMCLIN ? 600 instruments (CC 600) and laboratory information system(LIS) data transmission needs in Daxing Hospital of Capital Medical University ,ensure consis‐tency and uniqueness of the test sample number .Methods Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 and DotNetBar for Windows Forms were used to develop a work table generation software .Results Work table generation software had good interface ,and the CC 600 sys‐tem interaction had the advantage of simple operation ,generation of working table was operating normally ,and data transmission with laboratory information system was correct .Conclusion The worksheet generation software solves CC 600 linking problem be‐tween different test batches ,gives full play to the detection performance of the two instruments ,clinical application effect is good .