Objective To analyze the current situation of the knowledge-attitude-practice among noise-exposed workers at an airport apron. Methods A total of 494 noise-exposed workers from an airport apron were selected as the study subjects using the judgmental sampling method. A self-designed "Occupational Protection Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Questionnaire" was used to assess the current situation of knowledge-attitude-practice on occupational protection. Results Regarding the awareness of noise hazards among the study subjects, the awareness rates of noise-induced impairment on digestive function and reproductive system were the lowest (44.9% and 37.7%, respectively). The awareness rate of noise-induced negative emotions increased with length of service (P<0.01). Regarding the occupational protection knowledge for noise, the awareness rate of occupational noise-induced deafness was “incurable” was the lowest (39.1%). The support rate for five kinds of occupational protection attitudes for noise was generally >85.0%, while only 58.3% of the study subjects consistently or frequently wearing earplugs during work. The most common source of noise hazard and protection knowledge was pre-employment training (76.9%), followed by occupational disease prevention and control campaigns (76.1%). Conclusion Noise-exposed workers in this airport apron have incomplete awareness of non-auditory system hazards caused by noise, and the awareness of knowledge of some occupational protection is relatively low. Although their attitudes toward occupational protection are positive, many workers still fail to consistently wear personal protective equipment at work.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a complex etiology, characterized by intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction. Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharides (PGP), the primary component of Platycodon grandiflorus, and hesperidin (Hesp), a prominent active component in Citrus aurantium L. (CAL), have both demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effect of PGP combined with Hesp on UC, focusing on the coordinated interaction between the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathways. A mouse model of UC induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and a cell model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7/IEC6 cells were employed to investigate the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of PGP combined with Hesp on UC and its potential mechanism of action. The results indicated that compared to the effects of either drug alone, the combination of PGP and Hesp significantly modulated inflammatory factor levels, inhibited oxidative stress, regulated colonic mucosal immunity, suppressed apoptosis, and restored intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo. Further in vitro studies revealed that PGP significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, while Hesp significantly inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. The use of inhibitors and activators targeting both pathways validated the synergistic effects of PGP combined with Hesp on the PI3K/AKT and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways. These findings suggest that PGP combined with Hesp exhibits a synergistic effect on DSS-induced colitis, potentially mediated through the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/PI3K/AKT and interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.
Animals ; STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics* ; Janus Kinase 2/genetics* ; Polysaccharides/administration & dosage* ; Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced* ; Mice ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Drug Synergism ; Male ; Hesperidin/administration & dosage* ; Platycodon/chemistry* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Disease Models, Animal ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective:To clarify the clinicopathological features, prognosis, and recurrence pattern of early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC).Methods:Using data from the gastric cancer database of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, we performed a retrospective, large-scale, real-world study of 5046 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone redical or palliative gastrectomy from January 2013 to December 2018, including 425 patients with EOGC (age ≤45 years) and 4621 controls. All those patients were pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma with complete follow-up of five years. Residue gastric cancer and patients without complete clinical or follow-up data were excluded. We used a combination of outpatient and telephone follow-up, ending in October 2022 (median duration of follow-up 60 months), and compared the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the two groups.Results:The clinicopathological features of EOGC included female predominance (61.1% [262/425 vs. 26.3% [1217/4621], χ 2=234.215, P<0.001), fewer comorbidities (31.3% [133/425] vs. 58.5% [2703/4621], χ 2=34.378, P<0.001), poorer differentiation (90.6% [385/425] vs. 78.2% [3614/4621], χ 2=30.642, P<0.001), higher proportion of diffuse type (53.9% [229/425] vs. 18.3% [846/4621], χ 2=274.474, P<0.001), higher proportion of T4 stage (44.7% [190/425] vs. 37.5% [1733/4621], χ 2=17.535, P=0.001), more lymph node metastases (60.5% [257/425] vs. 53.9% [2491/4621], χ 2=6.764, P=0.009), and higher proportion of pathological stage III/IV (47.5% [202/425] vs. 42.4% [1959/4621], χ 2=4.093, P=0.043). The 5-year overall survival rates of the EOGC and control groups were 55.1% and 49.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the EOGC than in the control group ( P<0.001). According to subgroup analysis, the prognosis of pathological stage I/II/III EOGC was better than that of the control group. Recurrence rates were similar in the two groups, whereas patients with EOGC had a higher proportion of peritoneal recurrence (7.8% [33/425] vs. 3.2% [146/4621], χ 2=23.741, P<0.001) and a lower proportion of distant metastasis (4.9% [21/425] vs. 8.3% [385/4621], χ 2=6.247, P=0.012). Conclusion:EOGC has unique clinicopathological features and recurrence patterns and resectable EOGC has a better prognosis, suggesting that patients with EOGC should be actively treated with the focus on preventing peritoneal recurrence.

Objective To observe the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution(ANH)on target-controlled infusion(TCI)of etomidate blood drug concentration and adrenal cortical function.Methods Sixty patients who undergo elective multisegmental spine surgery,35 males and 25 females,aged 30-60 years,BMI 20-25 kg/m2,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,were divided into two groups using random number table method:ANH group and control group,30 patients in each group.Both groups used a target-controlled infusion of etomidate for anesthesia induction and anesthesia maintenance.In the ANH group,ANH was performed after steady anesthesia induction,ideal Hct 28％to 30％,and transfused within 1 hour after surgery;the control group was routinely treated.The dosage of etomidate was recorded.Liquid chroma-tography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)was used to detect etomidate blood concentrations at the immediate postoperative,10,20,and 30 minutes postoperative periods in the two groups,and the immedi-ate moment autologous blood collected into the storage bag,preserved in the storage bag for 1 hour,and the immediate moment transfused back in the ANH group.Plasma concentrations of cortisol(Cor),adrenocorti-cotropic hormone(ACTH),and aldosterone(ALD)were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA)before the induction of anesthesia,immediately after the operation,and at 1 day and 2 days postop-eratively.Results There was no significant difference in the total dosage of etomidate between the two groups.Compared with the immediate postoperative period,the plasma etomidate concentration was signifi-cantly decreased 10,20,and 30 minutes after surgery(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the concentration increased significantly 10 minutes after surgery in the ANH group(P<0.05).The plasma concentrations of etomidate were(547.8±119.4)ng/ml at the immediate moment autologous blood collected into the storage bag,(536.7±107.8)ng/ml at the preserved in the storage bag for 1 hour,and(522.8±91.7)ng/ml at theimmediatemoment transfusedbackinthe ANHgroup.Comparedwithbeforein-duction of anesthesia,the concentration of Cor and ALD immediately after the operation decreased signifi-cantly(P<0.05)and the concentration of ACTH was significantly higher(P<0.05).There were no sta-tistically significant differences in the concentrations of Cor,ALD,and ACTH between the two groups before induction of anesthesia 1 day and 2 days postoperatively.Conclusion In the orthopedic surgery of TCI eto-midate,return transfusion of collected autologous blood transiently(about 10 minutes)increases etomidate blood concentrations,the function of adrenal cortical will recover to the preoperative level within 24 hours after the operation.

Objective:To investigate the effects of external application of Sanying Plaster on the size of thyroid nodules and the states of depression and anxiety in patients with benign thyroid nodules.Methods:A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 120 patients with benign thyroid nodules from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Thyroid Diseases at Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from June to December 2022 were selected as the subjects of the study. They were divided into two groups using the random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received lifestyle intervention treatment, while the treatment group received Sanying Ointment in addition to the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 3 months. TCM syndrome scores were measured before and after treatment; the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules was measured using a color Doppler ultrasound transverse section; the quality of life was assessed using the short form 36 (SF-36); the degree of anxiety and depression was evaluated using the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and the self-rating depression scale (SDS); adverse reactions during the treatment period were recorded, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:During the treatment period, 4 cases in the treatment group and 3 cases in the control group did not complete the treatment. Finally, 56 cases in the treatment group and 57 cases in the control group entered the efficacy evaluation. The total effective rate of the treatment group was 71.4% (40/56), and that of the control group was 14.0% (8/57), with a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=26.82, P<0.001). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score of the treatment group (10.02±3.65 vs. 16.65±3.44, t=-10.24) was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.001); the maximum diameter of thyroid nodules [11.00 (4.65, 19.93) mm vs. 15.00 (7.15, 28.50) mm, Z=-2.43] was lower than that of the control group ( P<0.05); the SF-36 score [121.83 (117.00, 130.00) vs. 114.42 (104.25, 127.50), Z=-2.62] was higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01); the SDS (46.72±4.59 vs. 57.02±5.99, t=14.80) and SAS (42.25±5.72 vs. 50.60±7.12, t=10.04) scores were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment period in the treatment group was 3.5% (2/57), and no adverse reactions occurred in the control group. Conclusion:The external application of Sanying Ointment helps to reduce the size of thyroid nodules in patients with benign thyroid nodules, improve the quality of life and anxiety and depression, and increase clinical efficacy with good safety.

ObjectiveTo investigate the infection and genotypes of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus. MethodsAdult and larval samples of Aedes albopictus were collected from different residential and wild areas from 2020 to 2021， Wolbachia surface protein （wsp） gene was amplified and genotyped for wAlbA and wAlbB by PCR， and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The difference of detection rate among different habitats， male and female adult mosquitoes， adult and larvae was compared by χ² analysis. ResultsThe detection rate of Wolbachia in adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus were 43.5% （77/177） and 70.4% （190/270）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=32.086，P<0.001）， and wAlbA and wAlbB were mainly detected together. The detection rate of Wolbachia in female and male Aedes albopictus were 50.7% （76/150） and 3.7% （1/27）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference（χ²=20.533，P<0.001）. The detection rate of adult Aedes albopictus in Songjiang wild area， residential area and Hongkou residential area were 91.7% （55/60）， 18.8% （22/117） and 41.7% （30/72）， respectively， with a statistically significant difference （χ²=54.322，P<0.001）. Genotyping and phylogenetic analysis showed that adult and larvae of Aedes albopictus infected with Wolbachia were mainly wAlb A and wAlb B. In addition， some sequences formed clades independently， and the genetic distance from other sequences was relatively large. ConclusionInfection of Wolbachia in Aedes albopictus is relatively common in Songjiang District. The main genotypes are wAlb A and wAlb B and there may be other subtypes， which are worthy of further exploration and research.

Objective To observe the effect of abdominal acupuncture in treating allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods Twenty-seven AR patients who attended Fangshan Hospital,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from August to October 2022 were selected.They were divided into treatment group(15 cases)and control group(12 cases)according to randomized numerical table method.The treatment group received abdominal acupuncture.The control group at the same point was used one-time sterile cannula acupuncture to simulate acupuncture,but no needle was inserted into the acupoint.Two groups were treated,3 times a week for 4 weeks.The visual analogue scale(VAS),rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire(RQLQ),Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)scores,and the histamine(HIS),leukotriene D4(LTD4),immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels were compared between two groups before and after treatment.Results At each time point after treatment,the VAS,RQLQ,PSQI scores and HIS,LTD4,IgE levels of patients in treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,LTD4,and IgE levels after 2-week treatment in both groups(P>0.05).After 4-week treatment and follow-up 4-week,the VAS,RQLQ,and PSQI scores,the HIS,and LTD4 levels in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Abdominal acupuncture has good therapeutic effect on AR and significantly improves life quality of the patients,which can reduce the levels of HIS,LTD4 and IgE.The therapy is worthy of clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of curcumin(Cur) on IL-1β-induced cartilage damage and to study the relationship between the regulatory mechanisms of the DUSP1/p38 MAPK signalling pathway in the above process. Methods: Chondrocytes(C28/I2) and postoperative primary chondrocytes from osteoarthritis patients were divided into control and experimental groups, and the experimental group was treated with different concentrations of Cur(0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 μmol/L) after applying the inflammatory induction treatment with IL-1β(10 μg/L). The cell proliferation inhibition rate was determined by cell viability assay(CCK-8), the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry assay. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR), Western blot, and immunofluorescence assay were used to detect type II collagen α1 chain(Collagen Ⅱ), matrix metallopeptidase 13(MMP13), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), BCL2-related X protein(Bax), B lymphocytoma-2(Bcl-2), dual-specificity phosphatase 1(DUSP1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p38), and phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-p38) RNA and protein expression levels. The role of the DUSP1/p38 MAPK axis in the inhibition of chondrocyte oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation by Cur was further validated using DUSP1 interfering RNA and p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor(SB). Results: Cur significantly inhibited the IL-1β-induced decrease in chondrocyte viability and significantly reduced the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in chondrocytes; Cur inhibited the expression of MMP13, IL-1β, Bax, and p-p38 proteins, while the expression of Collagen II, Bcl-2, and DUSP1 proteins significantly increased; IL-1β and interfering RNA silencing DUSP1 activated the p38 pathway, while Cur inhibited the activation of the p38 pathway; the use of p38 MAPK pathway inhibitors reduced cellular inflammation. Conclusion Cur attenuates IL-1β-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in chondrocytes by promoting the expression of DUSP1 protein and inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK pathway.

Objective:To clarify the clinicopathological features, prognosis, and recurrence pattern of early-onset gastric cancer (EOGC).Methods:Using data from the gastric cancer database of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, we performed a retrospective, large-scale, real-world study of 5046 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone redical or palliative gastrectomy from January 2013 to December 2018, including 425 patients with EOGC (age ≤45 years) and 4621 controls. All those patients were pathologically confirmed adenocarcinoma with complete follow-up of five years. Residue gastric cancer and patients without complete clinical or follow-up data were excluded. We used a combination of outpatient and telephone follow-up, ending in October 2022 (median duration of follow-up 60 months), and compared the clinicopathological features and prognosis of the two groups.Results:The clinicopathological features of EOGC included female predominance (61.1% [262/425 vs. 26.3% [1217/4621], χ 2=234.215, P<0.001), fewer comorbidities (31.3% [133/425] vs. 58.5% [2703/4621], χ 2=34.378, P<0.001), poorer differentiation (90.6% [385/425] vs. 78.2% [3614/4621], χ 2=30.642, P<0.001), higher proportion of diffuse type (53.9% [229/425] vs. 18.3% [846/4621], χ 2=274.474, P<0.001), higher proportion of T4 stage (44.7% [190/425] vs. 37.5% [1733/4621], χ 2=17.535, P=0.001), more lymph node metastases (60.5% [257/425] vs. 53.9% [2491/4621], χ 2=6.764, P=0.009), and higher proportion of pathological stage III/IV (47.5% [202/425] vs. 42.4% [1959/4621], χ 2=4.093, P=0.043). The 5-year overall survival rates of the EOGC and control groups were 55.1% and 49.1%, respectively. Overall survival was significantly better in the EOGC than in the control group ( P<0.001). According to subgroup analysis, the prognosis of pathological stage I/II/III EOGC was better than that of the control group. Recurrence rates were similar in the two groups, whereas patients with EOGC had a higher proportion of peritoneal recurrence (7.8% [33/425] vs. 3.2% [146/4621], χ 2=23.741, P<0.001) and a lower proportion of distant metastasis (4.9% [21/425] vs. 8.3% [385/4621], χ 2=6.247, P=0.012). Conclusion:EOGC has unique clinicopathological features and recurrence patterns and resectable EOGC has a better prognosis, suggesting that patients with EOGC should be actively treated with the focus on preventing peritoneal recurrence.

The timely use of screening tools to assess the palliative care needs of emergency patients can provide decision-making basis for patient referral and help patients receive palliative care in a timely manner.This paper reviews the palliative care needs screening tools for emergency patients at home and abroad,describes their development methods,scoring criteria and application status,compares and analyzes their characteristics and shortcomings.It aims to provide references for the localized development and application of palliative care needs screening tools in emergency patients.