Objective: To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test from 2018 to 2023, with the aim of providing references for improving laboratory testing quality and ensuring the safety of clinical blood transfusion. Methods: Three EQA programs were conducted annually, each distributing 22 quality assessment samples. Participating transfusion laboratories were required to complete testing within specified deadlines and to submit results along with documentation of testing methodologies, reagents, and equipment used. National Center for Clinical Laboratories (NCCL) conducted statistical analysis of laboratory results, evaluated testing outcomes and related circumstances, and provided feedback to participating laboratories. EQA data from transfusion laboratories across China from 2018 to 2023 were collected and systematically analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2023, the qualification rates for all five items (ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, Rh blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching) were 67.59%, 77.11%, 77.38%, 72.78%, 79.96%, and 85.16%, respectively. The mean qualification rates for ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood group typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching over the past six years were 96.25%±0.59%, 90.45%±4.52%, 96.05%±0.71%, 90.88%±2.86%, and 88.34%±3.48%, respectively. The qualification rates in 2019, 2020, 2022, and 2023 all showed a stable trend of "blood stations>tertiary hospitals>secondary hospitals". The mean qualification rate of laboratories in secondary hospitals from 2018 to 2023 was significantly lower than those of laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed between laboratories in tertiary hospitals and blood stations (P>0.05). The micro column agglutination method was the most widely used in all five tests. In the four test items, namely ABO forward typing, ABO reverse typing, antibody screening, and cross-matching, there was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rate of micro column agglutination method compared to other methods (P<0.05). There was a statistical difference in the qualification rate between manual and automated detection using micro column agglutination method in the cross-matching tests (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was noted for the other test items (P>0.05). Conclusion: From 2018 to 2023, the number of laboratories participating in EQA activities has been increasing year by year, and the qualification rate has shown an overall upward trend. The type of laboratory is a key factor affecting the qualification rate, and the testing capabilities of some laboratories still need to be improved. The micro column agglutination method is widely used in transfusion compatibility tests. The established EQA program effectively monitors quality issues in laboratories, drives continuous improvement, and ensures sustained enhancement of testing standards to safeguard clinical blood safety.

Purpose To explore the value of the clinical radiomics nomogram based on ultrasound in evaluating the degree of fibrosis in chronic kidney disease(CKD).Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 350 patients with CKD in Nanchong Central Hospital from January 2014 to July 2022 who underwent renal biopsy.The patients were categorized by the tubule atrophy with interstitial fibrosis(TA/IF)and divided into a training cohort(n=245)and test cohort(n=105).The patient demographics were evaluated to establish a clinical prediction model.The XGBoost machine learning model was constructed by extracting the radiomics features from the ultrasound images.The clinical radiomics nomogram prediction model was constructed by combining the radiomics score(Rad score)and important clinical features.The diagnostic performance of the three models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results Among the 350 patients with CKD,226 had TA/IF 0 and 124 had TA/IF 1.Based on the clinical characteristics and Rad score,the clinical radiomics nomogram prediction model had the highest area under the curve in the training and testing cohorts,with the area under the curve of 0.938(95%CI 0.909-0.969)and 0.933(95%CI 0.891-0.980),respectively.Conclusion The ultrasound-based radiomics prediction model has potential value for the noninvasive diagnosis of TA/IF in CKD.Nomogram prediction models based on renal Rad scores and clinic may help clinicians to manage patients.

Purpose To explore the value of the clinical radiomics nomogram based on ultrasound in evaluating the degree of fibrosis in chronic kidney disease(CKD).Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 350 patients with CKD in Nanchong Central Hospital from January 2014 to July 2022 who underwent renal biopsy.The patients were categorized by the tubule atrophy with interstitial fibrosis(TA/IF)and divided into a training cohort(n=245)and test cohort(n=105).The patient demographics were evaluated to establish a clinical prediction model.The XGBoost machine learning model was constructed by extracting the radiomics features from the ultrasound images.The clinical radiomics nomogram prediction model was constructed by combining the radiomics score(Rad score)and important clinical features.The diagnostic performance of the three models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results Among the 350 patients with CKD,226 had TA/IF 0 and 124 had TA/IF 1.Based on the clinical characteristics and Rad score,the clinical radiomics nomogram prediction model had the highest area under the curve in the training and testing cohorts,with the area under the curve of 0.938(95%CI 0.909-0.969)and 0.933(95%CI 0.891-0.980),respectively.Conclusion The ultrasound-based radiomics prediction model has potential value for the noninvasive diagnosis of TA/IF in CKD.Nomogram prediction models based on renal Rad scores and clinic may help clinicians to manage patients.

A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever lasting for one day. The clinical diagnosis was acute pelvic inflammatory disease and adenomyosis. Empirical treatment with cefoperazone/sulbactam sodium was given. Six days later, the blood culture reported Campylobacter jejuni ( C. jejuni), and nine days later, the patient was discharged with negative blood culture. The strain was identified as C. jejuni by morphology and matrix-assisted laser de-sorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Whole-genome sequencing predicted that the multi-locus sequence type was ST7268 (ST464 complex), which was a new invasive clone of foodborne C. jejuni with typical molecular characteristics of high vitality, high virulence and high resistance.

Objective:To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test in 2023, and provide reference for quality management of clinical transfusion compatibility testing.Methods:The EQA of clinical transfusion compatibility testing by NCCL was performed 3 times in 2023 among included laboratories. The panel consisting of 22 samples was distributed to 4 186 laboratories across 31 provinces (Including 2 961 tertiary hospital laboratories, 1 085 secondary hospital laboratories, 23 primary hospital laboratories, 106 blood station laboratories and 11 independent clinical laboratories). Each panel contains 11 red blood cell and 11 plasma samples per 1.5 ml/tube. Each participant laboratory of the EQA program was required to carry out the detection and return results in expected time. Statistical analysis and evaluation on the reported results were conducted by NCCL from the aspects of regional distribution, laboratory grading, testing methodology, reagent and testing system usage.Results:The qualification rates of EQA for five items including ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 96.68%, 95.10%, 96.46%, 95.32%, and 91.04%, respectively. The EQA qualification rate of tertiary hospital laboratories was 87.77% (2 599/2 961), which was significantly higher than the 77.79% (844/1 085) of secondary hospital laboratories. There were significant differences in the qualification rate of participating laboratories among different regions. The utilization rates of micro column agglutination method in ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 80.81% (10 080/12 474), 75.06% (9 337/12 440), 81.38% (10 118/12 433), 89.59% (11 104/12 394) and 76.25% (9 495/12 453), respectively. The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of saline slide method in ABO positive typing detection ( P<0.05). The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of the polyamine method and anti-human globulin test tube method in antibody screening ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in qualification rate of 7 reagents in ABO reverse typing, antibody screening and cross matching ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the qualification rate between the two detection systems for other reagents, except for the ABO reverse typing where the qualification rate of reagent 1 in a single system was higher than that in a mixed system ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The testing capabilities of clinical laboratories in different regions and different type varied significantly in China. Micro column agglutination method was the most popular selection in transfusion compatibility testing. The regents used in these laboratories showed good performance. However, the detection efficiency of some reagents still need to be improved. EQA could be used to evaluate, monitor, and improve the quality of testing.

A 51-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever lasting for one day. The clinical diagnosis was acute pelvic inflammatory disease and adenomyosis. Empirical treatment with cefoperazone/sulbactam sodium was given. Six days later, the blood culture reported Campylobacter jejuni ( C. jejuni), and nine days later, the patient was discharged with negative blood culture. The strain was identified as C. jejuni by morphology and matrix-assisted laser de-sorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Whole-genome sequencing predicted that the multi-locus sequence type was ST7268 (ST464 complex), which was a new invasive clone of foodborne C. jejuni with typical molecular characteristics of high vitality, high virulence and high resistance.

Objective:To analyze the results of national external quality assessment (EQA) for transfusion compatibility test in 2023, and provide reference for quality management of clinical transfusion compatibility testing.Methods:The EQA of clinical transfusion compatibility testing by NCCL was performed 3 times in 2023 among included laboratories. The panel consisting of 22 samples was distributed to 4 186 laboratories across 31 provinces (Including 2 961 tertiary hospital laboratories, 1 085 secondary hospital laboratories, 23 primary hospital laboratories, 106 blood station laboratories and 11 independent clinical laboratories). Each panel contains 11 red blood cell and 11 plasma samples per 1.5 ml/tube. Each participant laboratory of the EQA program was required to carry out the detection and return results in expected time. Statistical analysis and evaluation on the reported results were conducted by NCCL from the aspects of regional distribution, laboratory grading, testing methodology, reagent and testing system usage.Results:The qualification rates of EQA for five items including ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 96.68%, 95.10%, 96.46%, 95.32%, and 91.04%, respectively. The EQA qualification rate of tertiary hospital laboratories was 87.77% (2 599/2 961), which was significantly higher than the 77.79% (844/1 085) of secondary hospital laboratories. There were significant differences in the qualification rate of participating laboratories among different regions. The utilization rates of micro column agglutination method in ABO positive typing, ABO reverse typing, RhD blood type, antibody screening, and cross matching were 80.81% (10 080/12 474), 75.06% (9 337/12 440), 81.38% (10 118/12 433), 89.59% (11 104/12 394) and 76.25% (9 495/12 453), respectively. The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of saline slide method in ABO positive typing detection ( P<0.05). The qualification rate of micro column agglutination method was significantly higher than that of the polyamine method and anti-human globulin test tube method in antibody screening ( P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in qualification rate of 7 reagents in ABO reverse typing, antibody screening and cross matching ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the qualification rate between the two detection systems for other reagents, except for the ABO reverse typing where the qualification rate of reagent 1 in a single system was higher than that in a mixed system ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The testing capabilities of clinical laboratories in different regions and different type varied significantly in China. Micro column agglutination method was the most popular selection in transfusion compatibility testing. The regents used in these laboratories showed good performance. However, the detection efficiency of some reagents still need to be improved. EQA could be used to evaluate, monitor, and improve the quality of testing.

Purpose: Patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) have a poor survival. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen in Chinese advanced BTC patients. Materials and Methods: Eligible patients with locally advanced or metastatic BTC administrated intravenous 100 mg/m2 nab-paclitaxel, 800 mg/m2 gemcitabine, and 25 mg/m2 cisplatin every 3 weeks. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and adverse events, while exploratory endpoint was the association of biomarkers with efficacy. Results: After the median follow-up of 25.0 months, the median PFS and OS of 34 enrolled patients were 7.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.4 to 13.7) and 16.4 months (95% CI, 10.9 to 23.6), respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events at ≥ 3 grade were neutropenia (26.5%) and leukopenia (26.5%). Survival analyses demonstrated that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels could monitor patients’ survival outcomes. A significant increase in the number of infiltrating CD4+ cells (p=0.008) and a decrease in programmed death-1–positive (PD-1+) cells (p=0.032) were observed in the response patients. Conclusion In advanced BTC patients, nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and cisplatin regimen showed therapeutic potential. Potential prognostic factors of CEA levels, number of CD4+ cells and PD-1+ cells may help us maximize the efficacy benefit.

Objective:To summarise and analyse the experience in the diagnosis and management of abdominal aortic endograft infection in recent years.Methods:Retrospectively summarised and analysed the general data, clinical presentation, laboratory and imaging findings, causative organisms and treatment choices of 14 patients with abdominal aortic endograft infection treated in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2018 to June 2024, and analysed the prognosis of the patients and the risk factors associated with prognosis.Results:Positive bacterial cultures were 10 out of 14 patients. One non-operatively treated patient died of infectious toxic shock. Thirteen surgically treated patients underwent axillary-bifemoral artery bypass, removal of the infected stent, and closure of the aortic stump. Four of the 13 cases had combined aortoenteric fistula, 3 cases underwent one-stage enterocutaneous fistula repair, 1 case only fistula drainage, 3 cases of gastrojejunal anastomosis, all of them underwent gastric or jejunal nutrient tube implantation. Two of the 13 patients had combined the infection foci spread to the renal artery openings. To save the kidney, intraoperative left kidney autologous renal transplantation was performed in 1 case, and autologous saphenous vein reconstruction from celiac trunk artery-left renal artery and superior mesenteric artery-right renal artery was performed in the other case. All 14 patients were retrospectively summarised and followed up in August 2024, with 5 deaths in the early postoperative period (< 3 months), 3 deaths in the mid- to long-term period (≥3 months), and 5 survivors, with a median follow-up time of 2 years (1-5 years) for surviving patients. Among the 13 operated patients, 4 cases were combined with aortoenteric fistula, and 3 cases died in the early postoperative period; 4 cases of abdominal aortic infection foci involving renal artery openings, 2 cases of early postoperative death; 4 cases with pleural effusion, 4 cases died in the early postoperative period; 2 cases of combined creatinine elevation, 2 cases of early postoperative death; 2 cases of postoperative infection of artificial blood vessels.Conclusions:Abdominal aortic endograft infection are aggressive. The risk of early death is increased in patients who are elderly, in poor general condition, with aortoenteric fistula or with pre-existing cardiac, pulmonary, hepatic and renal insufficiency, but surgery based on adequate anti-infective therapy remains an effective means of saving the patient′s life.

Objective:To investigate the current situation and organizational management policies of government procurement in public hospitals,and to improve the level of standardized management of government procurement.Methods:An electronic questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the current status of organization and administration of government procurement in different types and levels of public hospitals across the country.The current situation of the organizational structure,management system,working mode,supervision and evaluation,budget establishment,bidding and procurement,contract signing,acceptance process,payment management,and other aspects of government procurement management in public hospitals were analyzed.Results:A total of 216 valid questionnaires were collected from 216 public hospitals in 28 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions across the country,including 165 general hospitals,37 specialized hospitals and 13 traditional Chinese medicine hospitals,accounting for 76.39％,17.13％and 6.02％respectively;among the hospital levels,there were 202 tertiary hospitals(accounting for 93.52％).Among the surveyed government procurement management institutions of public hospitals,there were 112,103,110 and 112 organizations at the four levels of procurement management committee,procurement management office,procurement center and business and administrative logistics department,accounting for 51.85％,47.69％,50.93％and 51.85％respectively.The quota standards for public bidding for government procurement in all hospitals were in line with the requirements of national laws and regulations.The approval of funds payment must conditions of each hospital complied with relevant requirements.In terms of management effects of risk prevention and control,the hospitals with very good,good,average and inadequate were 48,125,34 and 9 respectively,accounting for 22.22％,57.87％,15.74％and 4.17％.Conclusion:The organizational framework and management system of government procurement in public hospitals are becoming increasingly standardized,and there are certain differences in the work mode and process of government procurement in different hospitals,and the supervision and evaluation are relatively weak,which is worthy of attention and strengthened administration.