Objective To explore the wearing status and actual noise reduction effect of hearing protectors among noise workers in a typical automobile manufacturing enterprise. Methods In April 2024, an occupational hazard factor testing was carried out in an automobile manufacturing industry, and at the same time, the hearing protection fit test was conducted for noise workers. Intervention and guidance were provided to those who did not pass the minimum standard of baseline PAR. The difference in PAR between baseline and post-intervention was compared, and the effectiveness of hearing protector wearing method training was evaluated. Results The exceeding rate of the company's noise operation post was 50.77% (66/130). The baseline PAR of the subjects with working experience of less than 15 years and wearing hearing protectors throughout noisy work was higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with those with 80dB≤L_{EX, 8h}<85dB, more research subjects with L_{EX, 8h}≥85dB failed baseline PAR (39.13%). After intervention, the PAR of the subjects who did not pass the minimum standard of baseline PRA increased from 2.0 (0.0, 5.3) to 17.0 (14.8, 20.0), and the protection level was significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion The individual fit test of hearing protector is an important means to evaluate the actual noise reduction level of hearing protector and guide the selection of hearing protection models. Corporate training can help improve the PAR of hearing protectors.

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) industry is a crucial part of China's pharmaceutical sector and plays a strategic role in ensuring public health and promoting economic and social development. In response to the practical demand for high-quality development of the TCM industry, this paper focused on the bottlenecks encountered during the digital and intelligent transformation of TCM production systems. Specifically, it explored technical strategies and methodologies for constructing the best TCM production mode. An innovative artificial intelligence(AI)-centered technical architecture for TCM production was proposed, focusing on key aspects of production management including process modeling, state evaluation, and decision optimization. Furthermore, a series of critical technologies were developed to realize the best TCM production mode. Finally, a novel AI-driven TCM production mode characterized by a closed-loop system of "measurement-modeling-decision-execution" was presented through engineering case studies. This study is expected to provide a technological pathway for developing new quality productive forces within the TCM industry.
Artificial Intelligence ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Humans

Three taraxerane nortriterpenoids were isolated from mastic by using various modern chromatographic separation techniques. They were identified as(5R,8R,9R,10S,11S,12R,13S,17R,18R)-28-norlupa-11,12-epoxy-14-taraxerene-3,16-dione(1),(5R,8R,9R,10S,11S,12R,13S,17S,18S)-17-hydroxy-28-norlupa-11,12-epoxy-14-taraxerene-3-one(2), and(5R,8R,9R,10R,11S,12R,13R,14S,17S,18S)-14,17-epoxy-28-norlupa-11,12-oxidotaraxerone(3) through the high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS), infrared(IR), ultraviolet(UV), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques as well as comparison with literature data. Compounds 1-3 were C-28 nortriterpenoids and isolated from mastic for the first time, and compounds 1-2 were new ones. In the model for RAW264.7 cell anti-inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS), compound 1 demonstrates an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide(NO) [IC_(50)=(13.38±0.68) μmol·L~(-1)], comparable to the activity of the positive control dexamethasone [IC_(50)=(14.59±1.49) μmol·L~(-1)]. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibit weaker inhibitory effects, with IC_(50) values of(24.17±2.56) and(22.25±2.84) μmol·L~(-1), respectively.
Animals ; Mice ; Triterpenes/isolation & purification* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/isolation & purification* ; Mastic Resin/chemistry* ; Nitric Oxide ; Molecular Structure ; Macrophages/immunology* ; RAW 264.7 Cells

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Tongxin Dropping Pill (STDP) in treating stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome by exercise duration and metabolic equivalents. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled stable angina patients with phlegm-heat and blood-stasis syndrome from 22 hospitals. They were randomized 1:1 to STDP (35 mg/pill, 6 pills per day) or placebo for 56 days. The primary outcome was the exercise duration and metabolic equivalents (METs) assessed by the standard Bruce exercise treadmill test after 56 days of treatment. The secondary outcomes included the total angina symptom score, Chinese medicine (CM) symptom scores, Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) scores, changes in ST-T on electrocardiogram and adverse events (AEs). RESULTS: This trial enrolled 309 patients, including 155 and 154 in the STDP and placebo groups, respectively. STDP significantly prolonged exercise duration with an increase of 51.0 s, compared to a decrease of 12.0 s with placebo (change rate: -11.1% vs. 3.2%, P<0.01). The increase in METs was significantly greater in the STDP group than in the placebo group (change: -0.4 vs. 0.0, change rate: -5.0% vs. 0.0%, P<0.01). The improvement of total angina symptom scores (25.0% vs. 0.0%), CM symptom scores (38.7% vs. 11.8%), reduction of nitroglycerin consumption (100.0% vs. 11.3%), and all domains of SAQ, were significantly greater with STDP than placebo (all P<0.01). The changes in Q-T intervals at 28 and 56 days from baseline were similar between the two groups (both P>0.05). Twenty-five participants (16.3%) with STDP and 16 (10.5%) with placebo experienced AEs (P=0.131), with no serious AEs observed. CONCLUSION STDP could improve exercise tolerance in patients with stable angina and phlegm-heat and blood stasis syndrome, with a favorable safety profile. (Registration No. ChiCTR-IPR-15006020).
Humans ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Angina, Stable/physiopathology* ; Aged ; Syndrome ; Treatment Outcome ; Placebos ; Tablets

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.01.013.].

Objective:To investigate the effect of pre-stroke metformin (MET) use on early neurological improvement (ENI) and outcome after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods:AIS patients with T2DM underwent IVT in the Department of Neurology, Yuncheng Central Hospital from January 2019 to February 2025 were included retrospectively. According to whether MET was used before onset, they were divided into MET group and non-MET group. Early neurological improvement (ENI) was defined as a decrease in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥4 at 24 hours after IVT compared to admission, or the NIHSS score was 0-1. At 90 days after onset, the modified Rankin Scale was used for outcome assessment, and ≤2 was good outcome and >2 was poor outcome. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of ENI and outcome. Results:A total of 115 AIS patients with T2DM were included in the study, with an age of 65.42±12.22 years. There were 83 males (72.2%). Fifty-four patients (47.0%) used MET, and 61 (53.0%) used other hypoglycemic drugs; 43 (37.4%) developed ENI, and 33 (28.7%) had poor outcome at 90 days. There were no significant difference in all baseline data between the MET group and the non-MET group, but the proportions of patients with ENI and good prognosis at 90 days in the MET group were significantly higher than those in the non-MET group (all P<0.05). The proportions of hypertensive patients and baseline NIHSS scores in the ENI group were significantly lower than those in the non-ENI group, while the proportions of patients using MET, antihypertensive drugs, statins, and patients with good outcome was significantly higher than that in the non-ENI group (all P<0.05). The body weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as well as the proportions of patients using antiplatelet drugs, MET, and patients with ENI in the good outcome group were significantly higher than those in the poor outcome group, while systolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, and the proportions of patients with hemorrhagic transformation, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were significantly lower than those in the poor outcome group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that using statins (odds ratio [ OR] 5.291, 95% confidence interval [ CI] 1.599-17.514; P=0.006) and MET ( OR 3.018, 95% CI 1.125-8.092; P=0.006) were the independent influencing factors of ENI; using MET ( OR 0.014, 95% CI 0.001-0.246; P=0.004) and anterior circulation stroke ( OR 0.005, 95% CI 0.000-0.745; P=0.038) were significantly independently associated with good outcome, while high baseline NIHSS score ( OR 2.092, 95% CI 1.198-3.655; P=0.009) and serum homocysteine ( OR 1.202, 95% CI 1.024-1.411; P=0.024) were significantly independently associated with the poor outcome. Conclusion:The use of MET before stroke onset can help improve ENI and clinical outcome in AIS patients with T2DM after IVT.

Cosmetics containing plant extracts may pose health risks to consumers due to inadequate control over the quality of plant raw materials,which may lead to residues of pesticides such as carbendazim in cosmetics. Developing rapid detection methods is of paramount importance for regulating product quality and safeguarding human health. A rapid on-site analytical method was developed for the screening of six kinds of pesticide residues in plant extract-based cosmetics using fan-shaped paper spray ionization with chromatographic enrichment functionality coupled with a miniature mass spectrometer. Cosmetic samples were directly loaded onto the fan-shaped paper substrate drop by drop,followed by chromatographic enrichment,paper spray ionization,and the miniature mass spectrometry analysis. The entire analysis time for a single run was less than 1 min. By loading samples in a dropwise manner,significantly improved chromatographic enrichment on the tip and 6 to 32-fold signal enhancement were achieved on the fan-shaped paper substrate compared to traditional triangle-shaped paper substrate. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation (LOQs) for the six kinds of pesticides were 0.02-0.05 mg/kg and 0.05-0.10 mg/kg,respectively. The recoveries were 82.6％-101.8％ with relative standard deviations of 8.3％-16.5％. The established method was convenient,sensitive,and suitable for rapid,on-site screening of pesticide residues in plant extract-based cosmetics.

Objective Recombinase-aided polymerase chain reaction(RAP)is a sensitive,single-tube,two-stage nucleic acid amplification method.This study aimed to develop an assay that can be used for the early diagnosis of three types of bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus(SA),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA),and Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)in the bloodstream based on recombinant human mannan-binding lectin protein(M1 protein)-conjugated magnetic bead(M1 bead)enrichment of pathogens combined with RAP. Methods Recombinant plasmids were used to evaluate the assay sensitivity.Common blood influenza bacteria were used for the specific detection.Simulated and clinical plasma samples were enriched with M1 beads and then subjected to multiple recombinase-aided PCR(M-RAP)and quantitative PCR(qPCR)assays.Kappa analysis was used to evaluate the consistency between the two assays. Results The M-RAP method had sensitivity rates of 1,10,and 1 copies/μL for the detection of SA,PA,and AB plasmids,respectively,without cross-reaction to other bacterial species.The M-RAP assay obtained results for<10 CFU/mL pathogens in the blood within 4 h,with higher sensitivity than qPCR.M-RAP and qPCR for SA,PA,and AB yielded Kappa values of 0.839,0.815,and 0.856,respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion An M-RAP assay for SA,PA,and AB in blood samples utilizing M1 bead enrichment has been developed and can be potentially used for the early detection of bacteremia.

Solid organ transplantation has significantly prolonged the survival of patients with end-stage diseases. However, long-term use of immunosuppressants will increase the risk of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in the recipients, thereby elevating the risk of infection, cardiovascular disease and death. In recent years, with persistent improvement of diagnostic criteria of PTDM, clinicians have deepened the understanding of this disease. Compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus, PTDM significantly differs in pathophysiological characteristics and clinical progression. Hence, different treatment strategies should be adopted. Early identification of risk factors of organ transplant recipients, early diagnosis and intervention are of significance for improving the quality of life of recipients, prolonging the survival of grafts and reducing the fatality of recipients. Therefore, the diagnosis, incidence and risk factors of PTDM were reviewed in this article, aiming to provide reference for clinicians to deliver prompt diagnosis and intervention for PTDM.