Purpose To characterize the clinicopathological features of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors(GMTs)resected via endoscopic techniques.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 495 cases of endo-scopically resected GMTs.Clinical information,histomorphological findings,immunohistochemical profiles,and mo-lecular characteristics were reviewed.Results The cohort included 495 patients aged 20-78 years(median:53 years).The majority of tumors were located in the stomach(58.8％)and esophagus(36.8％).Histologically,most tumors consisted of spindle cells,with a minority composed of epithelioid cells;fibrocollagenous or myxoid stroma was occasionally observed.Immunohistochemically,leiomyomas showed diffuse positivity for α-SMA(98.8％)and desmin(99.3％),gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)expressed CD117(99.4％),DOG1(97.6％),and CD34(97.0％),and schwannomas were positive for S-100(93.7％).The predominant tumor types were leiomyomas(54.1％)and GISTs(33.7％),while the remaining 12.2％comprised other rare types.Various endoscopic resection techniques were employed based on the tumors' anatomical depth,including endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD,40.5％),submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection(STER,17.1％),endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR,16.5％),endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR,13.9％),and endoscopic submucosal excavation(ESE,12.0％).EMR and ESD were primarily used for superficial lesions,while deeper tumors with were more often treated with STER,EFTR,and ESE.The rate of negative resection margins was lower in GISTs(72.2％)and other tumors with indistinct margins,compared to leiomyomas(92.6％)and those with well-defined boundaries.Conclusion Leiomyomas and GISTs are the most common gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors resected via endoscopy.A variety of resection techniques are applicable depending on tumor location and depth.Accurate pathological diagnosis should be based on HE morphology,supplemented by endoscopic findings,margin status,immunohistochemistry,and necessary molecular tests.

Purpose To characterize the clinicopathological features of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors(GMTs)resected via endoscopic techniques.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 495 cases of endo-scopically resected GMTs.Clinical information,histomorphological findings,immunohistochemical profiles,and mo-lecular characteristics were reviewed.Results The cohort included 495 patients aged 20-78 years(median:53 years).The majority of tumors were located in the stomach(58.8％)and esophagus(36.8％).Histologically,most tumors consisted of spindle cells,with a minority composed of epithelioid cells;fibrocollagenous or myxoid stroma was occasionally observed.Immunohistochemically,leiomyomas showed diffuse positivity for α-SMA(98.8％)and desmin(99.3％),gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)expressed CD117(99.4％),DOG1(97.6％),and CD34(97.0％),and schwannomas were positive for S-100(93.7％).The predominant tumor types were leiomyomas(54.1％)and GISTs(33.7％),while the remaining 12.2％comprised other rare types.Various endoscopic resection techniques were employed based on the tumors' anatomical depth,including endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD,40.5％),submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection(STER,17.1％),endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR,16.5％),endoscopic full-thickness resection(EFTR,13.9％),and endoscopic submucosal excavation(ESE,12.0％).EMR and ESD were primarily used for superficial lesions,while deeper tumors with were more often treated with STER,EFTR,and ESE.The rate of negative resection margins was lower in GISTs(72.2％)and other tumors with indistinct margins,compared to leiomyomas(92.6％)and those with well-defined boundaries.Conclusion Leiomyomas and GISTs are the most common gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors resected via endoscopy.A variety of resection techniques are applicable depending on tumor location and depth.Accurate pathological diagnosis should be based on HE morphology,supplemented by endoscopic findings,margin status,immunohistochemistry,and necessary molecular tests.

Objective:To learn about the clinical manifestations, laboratory characteristics and treatment of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis.Methods:Clinical data of 153 brucellosis patients admitted to the Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University from 2012 to 2022 were retrospectively collected, including general information, epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, imaging examination results, treatment and prognosis. According to the course of disease < 180 d and ≥180 d, these patients were divided into acute brucellosis group and chronic brucellosis group, and the clinical data of the two groups of patients were compared and analyzed.Results:A total of 153 patients with brucellosis were included, including 119 in the acute brucellosis group and 34 in the chronic brucellosis group. The age was (46.2 ± 13.8) years old, with 115 males (75.2%) and 38 females (24.8%), and 85 patients (55.6%) were occupational exposed. Complications occurred in 90 patients (58.8%), and the incidence of complications in the acute brucellosis group was lower than that in the chronic brucellosis group [76.5% (26/34) vs 53.8% (64/119), χ 2 = 5.62, P = 0.018]. The most common clinical manifestations were fever and arthralgia, with 128 cases (83.7%) and 124 cases (81.0%), respectively. The incidence of fever in the acute brucellosis group was higher than that in the chronic brucellosis group [87.4% (104/119) vs 70.6% (24/34), χ 2 = 5.46, P = 0.019], while the incidence of arthralgia was lower than that in the chronic brucellosis group [77.3% (92/119) vs 94.1% (32/34), χ 2 = 4.83, P = 0.027]. In laboratory tests, the positive rate of blood culture was 59.5% (91/153), and it was higher in the acute brucellosis group than that in the chronic brucellosis group [67.2% (80/119) vs 32.4% (11/34), P < 0.05]. The incidence of elevated procalcitonin [PCT, 58.6% (58/99) vs 24.1% (7/29), χ 2 = 10.65, P = 0.001] and the incidence of liver dysfunction [33.9% (40/118) vs 15.2% (5/33), χ 2 = 4.33, P = 0.037] in the acute brucellosis group were higher than those in the chronic brucellosis group. In the imaging examination, 61 patients (39.9%) experienced bone destruction, and the incidence of bone destruction in the chronic brucellosis group was higher than that in the acute brucellosis group [55.9% (19/34) vs 35.3% (42/119), χ 2 = 4.68, P = 0.031]. All patients were treated with antibiotics, with a median of 3 and 4 types of antibiotics used in the acute and chronic brucellosis groups, respectively. The overall incidence of adverse drug reactions was 5.2% (8/153). After treatment, 65 cases (42.5%) recovered, 70 cases (45.8%) improved, and 18 cases (11.8%) did not recover. Conclusions:The main clinical manifestations of brucellosis patients are fever and arthralgia, with a high incidence of complications. All patients are treated with combined antibiotics therapy. Patients in acute brucellosis group have a higher incidence of fever, positive blood culture, elevated PCT and abnormal liver function, while patients in chronic brucellosis group have a higher incidence of complications, arthralgia and bone destruction.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of mpox patients in Guangzhou City.Methods:The general conditions, symptoms and signs, and laboratory test results of mpox patients admitted to Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University from June 8 to June 21, 2023 were collected. The clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and HIV-negative patients were compared.Independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher exact probability method were used for statistical analysis. Results:Nineteen mpox patients were included in this study, none of them had been vaccinated with smallpox vaccine. All of them were identifed as gay men with an age of (33.2±6.4) years. And all of them had sex with men within 21 days of onset. There were eight cases with HIV infection and syphilis, respectively. All of these 19 patients had skin lesions which were the first symptom of 15 patients, and appeared during the course of the disease of four patients. Other common symptoms and signs were lymph node enlargement (17 cases), lymph node tenderness (15 cases), pharyngeal congestion (15 cases), tonsil enlargement (13 cases), fever (11 cases) and pruritus (10 cases). There were 13 cases with elevated CD8 + T lymphocytes, interleukin-10 level and procalcitonin level, respectively, 12 cases with elevated serum amyloid A level, and seven cases with elevated blood lymphocyte count. Eight patients were infected with HIV, including one acute infection and seven chronic infections (all of them had received regular antiviral therapy and had a CD4 + T lymphocyte count of 657(400, 757)/μL before onset). There were no significant differences in age ( t=1.55), incidence of complications (Fisher exact probability method), number of skin lesions ( Z=-0.21), incidence of lymph node enlargement (Fisher exact probability method), incidence of fever (Fisher exact probability method), duration of fever ( Z=-0.48), lymphocyte count ( t=-1.55), CD4 + T lymphocyte count ( Z=-0.17) and CD8 + T lymphocyte count ( Z=-1.49) between the HIV-infected patients and HIV-negative patients (all P>0.05). The number of skin lesions was 19(6, 26), and the locations of skin lesions were mainly in perineum and nearby areas (17 cases). The most frequent morphology of skin lesions at admission were papules (15 cases), eschar (15 cases) and pustules (12 cases). All patients recovered after topical medication and symptomatic treatment. Conclusions:Mpox mainly occurs in young and middle-aged men who have sex with men in Guangzhou City. Skin lesions, lymph node enlargement accompanied by tenderness, pharyngeal congestion, tonsil enlargement and fever are the most common features. Common laboratory abnormities are elevated inflammatory markers. The clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients with normal immune function are similar to those of HIV-negative patients.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and radiological features of benign fibro-osseous lesion (BFOL). Methods: Sixty-five cases of craniofacial BFOL, eight cases of peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) and one case of low-grade central osteosarcoma diagnosed at Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital between January 2010 and March 2019 were collected. The clinicopathologic features, hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and radiographic features were analyzed. MDM2 gene amplification was detected by FISH in difficult borderline cases. Results: This cohort of BFOLs included 50 cases of fibrous dysplasia (FD), 12 cases of ossifying fibroma (OF), and three cases of juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF). The average ages of patients with FD,OF and JPOF were 31.7, 39.2 and 26.0 years respectively. The male to female ratio was 1.0∶1.8.The average age of POF was 47.0 years, with male to female ratio of 1∶7. Patient of low-grade central osteosarcoma was a 48-year-old man. Twenty-seven cases of FD were located in the jaw, and 23 cases were in other craniofacial bones. Nine cases of OF were located in the jaw, and three cases were in the nasal cavity. Two cases of JPOF were in the nasal sinus, and one was in the jaw. All POF were located in the gingiva, and low-grade central osteosarcoma was located in the mandible. The imaging features of FD were luffa-like or ground-glass like signal shadows with poorly defined borders with expansion. OF had clear borders or sclerosing margins. Both JOF and low-grade central osteosarcoma were expansile intraosseously and with focally invasive nodular masses with ground-glass like signal shadows; and POF showed soft tissue mass with bone formation. Histological features of BFOLs showed mixed fibrous and irregular osteoid lesions. FD had no clear relationship with the host bone and no osteoblasts surrounded the bone trabeculae. Osteoblasts rimming was found in OF, and the boundaries of the host bone were clear. JPOF and low-grade central osteosarcoma infiltrated the host bone focally, and the latter showed mild cellular atypia. MDM2 amplification was detected in low-grade central osteosarcoma. Conclusions BFOLs are a group of fibro-osseous lesions with similar morphology in the head and neck and face, but their clinical features and prognosis are different; and their imaging and histological characteristics are also slightly different. Attentions should be given to the combination of clinical, imaging and pathologic features of BFOLs, especially the differential diagnosis between BFOLs and low-grade central osteosarcoma. Molecular detection could be used to assist the diagnosis in difficult cases.

Purpose To study the clinicopathological characteristics in 22 cases of ovarian mature teratoma with malignant transforma-tion. Methods Clinical and pathologic features were collected and analyzed in 22 out of 1 826 cases of ovarian mature teratoma by retrospective studies, together with immunohistochemical staining. Results In our study, 22 cases (1. 2%) of ovarian mature terato-ma with malignant transformation were identified. The median age was 56. 5 (range, 31~79) years. The main clinical manifestations were pelvic masses, including 13 cases in the left ovary, 8 cases in the right, 1 case was bilateral. Gross cystic teratoma were saw in 19 cases, 3 cases of cystic and solid, the bilateral one was solid in the left which the right was cystic. The teratomas size were 5. 0~30 cm with average 12. 4 cm in diameter. The malignant components’ maximum diameter was about 1. 0~10. 0 cm with average 3. 7 cm. Microscopicically, there were poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in 14 cases, carcinoid carcinoma in 4 cases, adeno-carcinoma in 2 cases, papillary thyroid carcinoma in 2 cases, and the last one was sarcomatoid carcinoma. The FIGO stage distribution was as follows:16 were stage IA, 1 was stage IB, 1 was stage IIA, 4 were stage IIB. Follow up showed 6 cases recurrened, 2 patients died, the rest are survival. Conclusions A low incidence of ovarian mature teratoma in somatic cells with malignant transformation, which are common in postmenopausal women and present with pelvic mass. The main malignant components is squamous cell carcino-ma, patients of stage I have better prognosis. Both clinic and pathology should take more attention to the comprehensive examination and diagnosis of teratoma for prevent misdiagnosis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of emodin(an active component of Qingyi-Ⅱgranula) in rats after i.g administration of Qingyi-Ⅱgranula.METHODS:Rats were i.g administered with Qingyi -Ⅱgranula(2.5 g?kg~(-1) and 5.0 g?kg~(-1)).Serum concentrations of emodin were determined at different time points by HPLC,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were computed.RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic parameters of emodin in rats after administration of Qingyi-Ⅱgranula(2.5g?kg~(-1) and5.0g?kg~(-1)) were asfollows:t_(1/2?):(9.468?8.46) hand(21.68?17.867) h;t_(1/2?):(15.388?5.46) h and.(39.63?24.39) h;t_(max):(2.500?3.479) h and(5.333?3.266) h;C_(max):(0.058?0.004) mg?L~(-1)and(0.101?0.007) mg?L~(-1);CL:(33.027?9.365) L?h~(-1)?kg~(-1) and(9.405?5.846) L?h~(-1)?kg~(-1);AUC_(0-∞):(0.652?0.201) mg?h~(-1)?L~(-1)and (1.364?0.267) mg?h~(-1)?L~(-1).The pharmacokinetic process was in line with two-compartment model.CONCLUSION:The method for the detection of serum concentration of emodin in rats and the related pharmacokinetic parameters had been established in our study,which serves as a theoretic basis for the pharmacokinetic study of Qingyi-Ⅱgranula.