Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with half-dose recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)who are expected to undergo PCI within 120 minutes.Methods From October 2021 to August 2022,a total of 200 STEMI patients in eight centers were included and randomly assigned in a 1﹕1 ratio to either r-SAK group or control group.Patients received loading doses of aspirin and ticagrelor and intravenous heparin and were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either 5 mg r-SAK or normal saline prior to PCI.The outcomes were set as ST-segment resolution(STR)at 60-90 minutes after PCI,the proportion and transition of pathological Q waves on the 5th day after PCI,and the proportion of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)peaking within 12 hours of onset.The safety outcome was major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium(BARC)≥type 3 bleeding during hospitalization.Results Compared with the control group,the r-SAK group had a higher proportion of STR≥70%within 60-90 minutes after PCI(58.3%vs.40.3%,P=0.009);a lower proportion of pathological Q waves(59.1%vs.74.1%,P=0.040);a lower rate of Q wave progression(14.8%vs.43.2%,P＜0.001);a higher rate of Q wave disappearance(12.5%vs.3.7%,P=0.027);and a higher proportion of hs-cTnT peaking within 12 hours of symptom onset[31/40(77.5%)vs.17/33(51.5%),P=0.027].Regarding the safety outcome,no significant difference in BARC≥type 3 bleeding was found between the two groups during hospitalization(P＞0.05).Conclusions For STEMI patients who were expected to undergo primary PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset,the facilitated PCI with half-dose r-SAK significantly increased the proportion of STR≥70%at 60-90 minutes after PCI,reduced the formation of pathological Q waves,and shortened the time to peak hs-cTnT,without increasing the risk of bleeding,which should be an alternative reperfusion strategy worthy of further study.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)with half-dose recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)who are expected to undergo PCI within 120 minutes.Methods From October 2021 to August 2022,a total of 200 STEMI patients in eight centers were included and randomly assigned in a 1﹕1 ratio to either r-SAK group or control group.Patients received loading doses of aspirin and ticagrelor and intravenous heparin and were randomized to receive an intravenous bolus of either 5 mg r-SAK or normal saline prior to PCI.The outcomes were set as ST-segment resolution(STR)at 60-90 minutes after PCI,the proportion and transition of pathological Q waves on the 5th day after PCI,and the proportion of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T(hs-cTnT)peaking within 12 hours of onset.The safety outcome was major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium(BARC)≥type 3 bleeding during hospitalization.Results Compared with the control group,the r-SAK group had a higher proportion of STR≥70%within 60-90 minutes after PCI(58.3%vs.40.3%,P=0.009);a lower proportion of pathological Q waves(59.1%vs.74.1%,P=0.040);a lower rate of Q wave progression(14.8%vs.43.2%,P＜0.001);a higher rate of Q wave disappearance(12.5%vs.3.7%,P=0.027);and a higher proportion of hs-cTnT peaking within 12 hours of symptom onset[31/40(77.5%)vs.17/33(51.5%),P=0.027].Regarding the safety outcome,no significant difference in BARC≥type 3 bleeding was found between the two groups during hospitalization(P＞0.05).Conclusions For STEMI patients who were expected to undergo primary PCI within 120 minutes of symptom onset,the facilitated PCI with half-dose r-SAK significantly increased the proportion of STR≥70%at 60-90 minutes after PCI,reduced the formation of pathological Q waves,and shortened the time to peak hs-cTnT,without increasing the risk of bleeding,which should be an alternative reperfusion strategy worthy of further study.

Major natural disasters seriously threaten human life and health. After earthquakes and other catastrophes, survivors are often trapped in the confined spaces caused by the collapse of ground and buildings, with relative separation from the outside world, restricted access, complex environment, and oncoming or ongoing unsafety, leading to the rescue extremely difficult. In order to save lives and improve the outcome more efficiently in the confined spaces after natural disasters, it is very important to standardize and reasonably apply the trauma assessment and first aid workflow. This study focuses on trauma assessment and first aid. From the aspects of trauma assessment, vital signs stabilization, hemostasis and bandaging, post-trauma anti-infection, and the transportation of patients, a trauma first aid work process suitable for a small space of a major natural disaster is formed, It is helpful to realize the immediate and efficient treatment of trauma in the confined spaces after natural catastrophes, to reduce the rate of death and disability and improve the outcome of patients.
Humans ; Disasters ; First Aid ; Confined Spaces ; Earthquakes

Objective:To investigate effects of the ROCK1 gene on proliferation and migration of and related molecular expression in keloid fibroblasts.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to detect ROCK1 protein expression in human keloids and normal skin tissues, and Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of ROCK1, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and E-cadherin in keloid tissues. In vitro cultured human keloid fibroblasts (HKFs) were divided into 4 groups: ROCK1 gene overexpression control group (ROCK1 NC group) transfected with ROCK1 gene overexpression control vectors, ROCK1 gene overexpression group (ROCK1 OE group) transfected with ROCK1 gene overexpression vectors, ROCK1 gene knockdown control group (sh NC group) transfected with ROCK1 gene knockdown control vectors, and ROCK1 gene knockdown group (shROCK1 group) transfected with ROCK1 gene knockdown vectors. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay was performed to evaluate the effect of ROCK1 gene on the survival rate of HKFs, Transwell assay to evaluate the effect on the migration of HKFs, and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were conducted to determine the mRNA and protein expression of ROCK1, TGF-β1 and E-cadherin, respectively. Results:Immunohistochemical study showed that ROCK1 protein expression decreased significantly in the human keloid tissues compared with the normal tissues ( t = 6.47, P = 0.003) ; Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin significantly decreased ( t = 14.02, 162.20, respectively, both P < 0.001), while TGF-β1 expression significantly increased ( t = 76.01, P < 0.001) in the keloid tissues compared with the expression levels of corresponding proteins in the normal tissues. CCK8 assay showed that the cell activity was significantly lower in the ROCK1 OE group than in the ROCK1 NC group after 24-hour transfection ( t = 3.25, 3.78, P = 0.031, 0.019, respectively), and significantly higher in the shROCK1 group than in the sh NC group ( t = 3.12, 2.79, P = 0.036, 0.049, respectively). Transwell assay showed that the number of migratory cells was significantly lower in the ROCK1 OE group than in the ROCK1 NC group ( t = 5.17, P = 0.004), and significantly higher in the shROCK1 group than in the sh NC group ( t = 9.28, P < 0.001). Compared with the ROCK1 NC group, the ROCK1 OE group showed significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin ( P < 0.05 or < 0.001), but decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1 (both P < 0.001) ; compared with the sh NC group, the shROCK1 group showed significantly decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of ROCK1 and E-cadherin ( P < 0.05 or < 0.001), but significantly increased mRNA and protein expression levels of TGF-β1 ( P = 0.005 or < 0.001) . Conclusions:The ROCK1 gene can inhibit the proliferation and migration of HKFs. Overexpression of the ROCK1 gene can down-regulate the TGF-β1 gene expression and up-regulate the E-cadherin gene expression in HKFs.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and subsequent lockdowns impacted the mental health of numerous sociodemographic groups globally. This crisis can produce stress, overwhelm, and powerful emotions in susceptible people, especially older persons. Our study examined the relationship between well-being and fear of COVID-19 among older persons residing in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, during the pandemic. A sociodemographic survey was undertaken. Two scales are used for a month of the COVID-19 outbreak: the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). We surveyed 158 senior citizens in Ho Chi Minh City between February and April 2021. There was no lockdown in Ho Chi Minh before the fourth wave of infection. Despite this, citizens have maintained high compliance with coronavirus prophylaxis. Sociodemographic data were described using descriptive statistics. A one-way MANOVA assessed the financial impact on older individuals' well-being. The Pearson correlation was employed to find the link between happiness and COVID-19 dread. During the COVID-19 pandemic, older persons who received various monthly allowances had statistically significant emotional and psychological well-being differences. There was no association between well-being and COVID-19 dread. The COVID-19 epidemic has disproportionately affected vulnerable groups. Older individuals are a risk population that requires material and mental care.

Objective:To explore the treatment of levator complex in conjoint fascial sheath suspension correction on severe ptosis, and to seek a reliable and less complications operation.Methods:From October 2016 to February 2020, 40 eyes of 24 patients with severe ptosis (6 males and 18 females, aged from 10 to 73 years, with an average of 34.4 years) were divided into study group and control group. 20 eyes in study group were treated with combined fascia sheath suspension and levator palpebrae muscle complex tension-free shortening correction, while 20 eyes in control group were treated with combined fascia sheath suspension and levator palpebrae muscle complex tension-free shortening correction The effects and complications of the two groups were compared.Results:Follow-up studies were conducted at 1 week, 3 month and 6 months after operation. There was no significant difference between the two methods at different time points after operation, and the incidence of complications in the study group was less than that in the control group at 1 week after operation.Conclusions:Combined with fascial sheath suspension and levator palpebrae muscle complex tension-free shortening in the treatment of severe blepharoptosis has less complications and reliable curative effect in the early postoperative period, but it still needs to be improved to obtain more lasting curative effect.

Purpurogallin, a natural phenol obtained from oak nutgalls, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. Recently, in addition to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation that induces cell apoptosis via oxidative stress, particulate matter 2.5 (PM(2.5)) was shown to trigger excessive production of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we observed that UVB radiation and PM(2.5) severely damaged human HaCaT keratinocytes, disrupting cellular DNA, lipids, and proteins and causing mitochondrial depolarization. Purpurogallin protected HaCaT cells from apoptosis induced by UVB radiation and/or PM(2.5). Furthermore, purpurogallin effectively modulates the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins under UVB irradiation via caspase signaling pathways. Additionally, purpurogallin reduced apoptosis via MAPK signaling pathways, as demonstrated using MAPK-p38, ERK, and JNK inhibitors. These results indicate that purpurogallin possesses antioxidant effects and protects cells from damage and apoptosis induced by UVB radiation and PM(2.5).
Antioxidants ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; Apoptosis ; DNA ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Oxidative Stress ; Particulate Matter ; Phenol ; Reactive Oxygen Species

Niacinamide (NIA) is a water-soluble vitamin that is widely used in the treatment of skin diseases. Moreover, NIA displays antioxidant effects and helps repair damaged DNA. Recent studies showed that particulate matter 2.5 (PM(2.5)) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing disruption of DNA, lipids, and protein, mitochondrial depolarization, and apoptosis of skin keratinocytes. Here, we investigated the protective effects of NIA on PM(2.5)-induced oxidative stress in human HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that NIA could inhibit the ROS generation induced by PM(2.5), as well block the PM(2.5)-induced oxidation of molecules, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA. Furthermore, NIA alleviated PM(2.5)-induced accumulation of cellular Ca²⁺, which caused cell membrane depolarization and apoptosis, and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Collectively, the findings show that NIA can protect keratinocytes from PM(2.5)-induced oxidative stress and cell damage.
Antioxidants ; Apoptosis ; Cell Membrane ; DNA ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; Niacinamide ; Oxidative Stress ; Particulate Matter ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Skin Diseases ; Skin ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in various cellular diseases. Excessive ROS can cause intracellular oxidative stress, resulting in a calcium imbalance and even aging. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect of esculetin on oxidative stress-induced aging in human HaCaT keratinocytes. METHODS: Human keratinocytes were pretreated with esculetin for 30 minutes and treated with H₂O₂. Then, the protective effects on oxidative stress-induced matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 were detected by Flou-4-AM staining, reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and quantitative fluorescence assay. RESULTS: Esculetin prevented H₂O₂-induced aging by inhibiting MMP-1 mRNA, protein, and activity levels. In addition, esculetin decreased abnormal levels of phospho-MEK1, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-SEK1, phospho-JNK1/2, c-Fos, and phospho-c-Jun and inhibited activator protein 1 binding activity. CONCLUSIONS: Esculetin prevented excessive levels of intracellular calcium and reduced the expression levels of aging-related proteins.
Aging ; Blotting, Western ; Calcium ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Hydrogen ; Keratinocytes ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin ; Transcription Factor AP-1

BACKGROUND: Little is known about epigenetic silencing of genes by promoter hypermethylation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The aim of this study was to identify prognostic methylation markers in surgically treated clear cell RCC (ccRCC). METHODS: Methylation patterns were assayed using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array on pairs of ccRCC and normal tissue from 12 patients. Using quantitative PSQ analysis, tumor-specific hypermethylated genes were validated in 25 independent cohorts and their clinical relevance was also verified in 152 independent cohorts. RESULTS: Using genome-wide methylation array, Zinc finger protein 278 (ZNF278), Family with sequence similarity 155 member A (FAM155A) and Dipeptidyl peptidase 6 (DPP6) were selected for tumor-specific hypermethylated genes in primary ccRCC. The promoter methylation of these genes occurred more frequently in ccRCC than normal kidney in independent validation cohort. The hypermethylation of three genes were associated with advanced tumor stage and high grade tumor in ccRCC. During median follow-up of 39.2 (interquartile range, 15.4–79.1) months, 22 (14.5%) patients experienced distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis identified the methylation status of these three genes, either alone, or in a combined risk score as an independent predictor of distant metastasis. CONCLUSION: The promoter methylation of ZNF278, FAM155A and DPP6 genes are associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and early development of distant metastasis in patients with surgically treated ccRCC. These potential methylation markers, either alone, or in combination, could provide novel targets for development of individualized therapeutic and prevention regimens.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cohort Studies ; Disease-Free Survival ; Epigenomics ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; Methylation ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phenotype ; Zinc Fingers