Objective　 : To analyze the monitoring data of 131I internal exposure in Guangdong Province over the past 3years, study the thyroid 131I contamination levels among nuclear medicine staff, and provide a basis for optimizing themonit-oring plan. Methods　 : Using a convenience sampling method, 574 detections of nuclear medicine staff from 28 hospitals inGuangdong Province were included in the study. The thyroid 131I activity was measured directly in vivo. Differences indetec-tion rates were analyzed, and committed effective doses were estimated. Results　 : Over the past 3 years in GuangdongProvince, 131I accumulation was found in the thyroids of staff from 14 hospitals for 62 (10.8%) detections, with an averageactivity of 154.8 (13.2-8730.6) Bq. The adjusted annual intake was 50.7 (4.5-820.6) kBq. The committed effective dose was0.56 (0.05-9.03) mSv/a, and the values were ≥ 2 mSv for 8 persons. Among different positions, nurses showed the highestdetection rate (19.6%), followed by cleaners (14.7%), with significant differences (P<0.05). Among different exposure types,the detection rate was highest for loading medication into automatic dispenser (23.3%), and the mean activity was highest forentering thyroid cancer patient ward (495.4 Bq), with significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion　 Monitoring of 131Iin-ternal exposure in Guangdong Province found that the radiation doses of some staff members had exceeded the thresholdspecified in other investigations. Routine personal 131I internal exposure monitoring should be conducted, with increasedmonitoring frequency. Priority should be given to nurses and cleaners, with monitoring extended to cleaners and outsourceddispensing staff.

Objective To analyze bedside radiation dose rates for interventional surgery operators in Guangdong Province, examine dose distribution patterns, and identify potential weaknesses in radiation protection, and to provide guidance for optimizing radiation monitoring and protection measures. Methods A total of 209 digital subtraction angiography devices measured in Guangdong Province between 2017 and 2024 were used as the research objects. The first and second operator positions were set at 30 cm and 90 cm horizontally from the X-ray tube focal point, respectively. Monitoring points were set up at 155, 125, 105, 80, and 20 cm above the ground. Results The median bedside radiation dose rate for interventional surgery operators in Guangdong Province was 83.0 (3.9, 1044.0) μSv/h, indicating instances of exceeding standard limits. The overall dose rates under the old and new standards were 29.8 (3.9-346.5) μSv/h and 114.0 (4.0-1044.0) μSv/h respectively. Results for both standards showed a higher dose rate at the second than the first operator position. The dose rates at the heights of 105 cm (abdomen), 125 cm (chest), and 155 cm (head) were higher in the second operator position than in the first operator position. Additionally, 71.5% and 56.8% of the highest dose rate points under the new and old standards, respectively, were concentrated at 105 cm (abdomen), 125 cm (chest) and 155 cm (head) in the second operator position. Conclusion The principle of protection optimization should be followed, auxiliary protective facilities should be placed correctly, and attention should be paid to the protection of the second surgery operator position, especially above the abdomen. The dose rate results under the new standard were lower than those under the old standard, suggesting that the measurement method may overestimate radiation exposure at the secondary operator position.

This study explores the effect and mechanism of Banxia Xiexin Decoction(BXD) in inhibiting colon cancer progression by reshaping tryptophan metabolism. Balb/c mice were assigned into control, model, low-dose BXD(BXD-L), and high-dose BXD(BXD-H) groups. Except the control group, the other groups were subcutaneously injected with CT26-Luc cells for the modeling of colon cancer, which was followed by the intervention with BXD. Small animal live imaging was employed to monitor tumor growth, and the tumor volume and weight were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes in mouse tumors. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Ki67 expression in tumors. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to detect the infiltration and number changes of CD3~+/CD8~+ T cells in the tumor tissue. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was employed to measure the levels of interferon-gamma(IFN-γ) and interleukin-2(IL-2) in tumors. Targeted metabolomics was employed to measure the level of tryptophan(Trp) in the serum, and the Trp content in the tumor tissue was measured. Western blot and RT-qPCR were employed to determine the protein and mRNA levels, respectively, of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1), MYC proto-oncogene, and solute carrier family 7 member 5(SLC7A5) in the tumor tissue. Additionally, a co-culture model with CT26 cells and CD8~+ T cells was established in vitro and treated with the BXD-containing serum. The cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay was used to examine the viability of CT26 cells. The content of Trp in CT26 cells and CD8~+ T cells, as well as the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-2 by CD8~+ T cells, was measured. RT-qPCR was used to determine the mRNA levels of MYC and SLC7A5 in CT26 cells. The results showed that BXD significantly inhibited the tumor growth, reduced the tumor weight, and decreased the tumor volume in the model mice. In addition, the model mice showed sparse arrangement of tumor cells, varying degrees of patchy necrosis, and downregulated expression of Ki67 in the tumor tissue. BXD elevated the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 in the tumor tissue, while upregulating the ratio of CD3~+/CD8~+ T cells and lowering the levels of Trp, IDO1, MYC, and SLC7A5. The co-culture experiment showed that BXD-containing serum reduced Trp uptake by CT26 cells, increased Trp content in CD8~+T cells, enhanced IL-2 and IFN-γ secretion of CD8~+T cells, and down-regulated the mRNA levels of MYC and SLC7A5 in CT26 cells. In summary, BXD can inhibit the MYC/SLC7A5 pathway to reshape Trp metabolism and adjust Trp uptake by CD8~+ T cells to enhance the cytotoxicity, thereby inhibiting the development of colon cancer.
Animals ; Tryptophan/metabolism* ; Colonic Neoplasms/pathology* ; Mice ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Humans ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism* ; Female ; Disease Progression ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Proto-Oncogene Mas ; Male

This study aims to investigate the effect of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula on the neuroinflammation of rats with insomnia complicated with depression through the regulation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)/complement protein C1q signaling pathway. Rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a positive drug group, as well as a high, medium, and low-dose groups of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group, the other groups were injected with p-chlorophenylalanine and exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress to establish the rat model of insomnia complicated with depression. The sucrose preference experiment, open field experiment, and water maze test were performed to evaluate the depression in rats. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to detect serum 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), dopamine(DA), and norepinephrine(NE) levels. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the damage in nucleus accumbens neurons. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed to detect TREM2, C1q, postsynaptic density 95(PSD-95), and synaptophysin 1(SYN1) expressions in rat nucleus accumbens, respectively. Golgi-Cox staining was utilized to observe the synaptic spine density of nucleus accumbens neurons. The results show that, compared with the model group, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can significantly increase the sucrose preference as well as the distance and number of voluntary activities, shorten the immobility time in forced swimming test and the successful incubation period of positioning navigation, and prolong the stay time of space exploration in the target quadrant test. The serum 5-HT, DA, and NE contents in the model group are significantly lower than those in the normal group, with the above contents significantly increased after the intervention of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula. In addition, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can alleviate pathological damages such as swelling and loose arrangement of tissue cells in the nucleus accumbens, while increasing the Nissl body numbers. Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can improve synaptic damage in the nucleus accumbens and increase the synaptic spine density. Compared to the normal group, the expression of C1q protein was significantly higher in the model group, while the expression of TREM2 protein was significantly lower. Compared to the model group, the intervention with Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula significantly downregulated the expression of C1q protein and significantly upregulated the expression of TREM2. Compared with the model group, the PSD-95 and SYN1 fluorescence intensity is significantly increased in the groups receiving different doses of Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula. In summary, Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula can reduce the C1q protein expression, relieve the TREM2 inhibition, and promote the synapse-related proteins PSD-95 and SNY1 expression. Chaijin Jieyu Anshen Formula improves synaptic injury of the nucleus accumbens neurons, thereby treating insomnia complicated with depression.
Animals ; Male ; Rats ; Nucleus Accumbens/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Depression/complications* ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/complications* ; Neurons/metabolism* ; Receptors, Immunologic/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Synapses/metabolism*

Chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide.Accurate early assessment of the severity of hepatic fibrosis is crucial for management of liver disease.Ultrasonography,with its non-invasive,portable and real-time imaging characteristics,has become the preferred method for imaging evaluation of chronic liver diseases.Artificial intelligence(AI)technology can extract massive quantitative features from ultrasound images for subsequent analysis,hence attracted increasing attention in evaluation of hepatic fibrosis.The research progresses of ultrasound combined with AI for evaluating hepatic fibrosis were reviewed in this article.

Objective To understand the situation of dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) quality control testing phantoms in radiation health technical service institutions in Guangdong province, analyze the differences among different phantoms, and provide a reference for dental CBCT quality control testing. Methods The testing phantoms of 49 radiation health technical service institutions were used as the research objects. The designated CBCT equipment was used for scanning and imaging. The Z-score method was used to evaluate the high-contrast resolution, low-contrast resolution, and distance measurement deviation of each phantom. Results The satisfaction rates of various items for the phantoms in 49 institutions ranged from 85.7% to 100%. The distance measurement deviations of four institutions were “suspicious”, and the high-contrast resolution of four institutions and the distance measurement deviation of one institution were “unsatisfactory”. Conclusion The overall performance of dental CBCT quality control testing phantoms in radiological health technical service institutions in Guangdong province is satisfactory. However, there are still some phantoms with poor results in items such as distance measurement deviation and high-contrast resolution. The structural design, material selection, and manufacturing process of the phantom may all affect the results of quality control testing. Therefore, appropriate phantoms, optimized exposure conditions, and suitable reconstruction algorithms should be used in CBCT quality control testing to ensure accurate and reliable measurements.

Objective:To study and analyze radiation doses to the eye of the lens dose in interventional radiology staff of Guandong medical institutions from 2019 to 2023.Methods:Employing a convenience sampling method, the lens dose and chest dose was monitored with TLD dosimeters in 34 level A tertiary medical institutions. The monitoring data were analyzed on the basis of a summary, and the relationship between the two was explored.Results:A total of 1 033 interventional radiology staff were monitored. The ocular lens doses were in the range of (

Radiation prevention and treatment drugs are a rapidly developing field.Radiation prevention and treatment drugs can be roughly divided into four categories:chemical synthetic drugs,biological products,natural plant extracts and traditional Chinese medicine compounds,which are widely used in medical,scientific research and other fields.This paper reviews the classification of radiation prevention and treatment drugs,which can be roughly divided into four categories:chemical synthetic drugs,biological products,natural plant extracts and traditional Chinese medicine compounds.At the same time,its mechanism of action and clinical application are elaborated in detail,and the risk assessment is carried out from the aspects of effectiveness,safety and drug interaction.Finally,the risk reduction strategies are summarized from the aspects of clinical medication specification and monitoring,continuous drug safety research,improvement of emergency reserve and support capacity and construction of full-cycle regulatory system,so as to provide reference for the rational application and further research of radiation prevention and treatment drugs.

Objective To study the expression characteristics of osteoprotegerin(OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB(RANK)system and the relationship with fibrosis in myocardial tissues of rats with chronic heart failure.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group(12 rats)and model group.In sham-operation group,surgical thread was passed through the abdominal aorta without constricting it after laparotomy;in model group,establish the heart failure model by abdominal aorta coarctation.The successful model rats were randomly divided into model 1 week(12 rats),model 2 weeks(11 rats),model 4 weeks(11 rats),model 8 weeks(11 rats)and model 12 weeks groups(11 rats).The end point of the study is at week 12.The contents of hydroxyproline(HYP),total myocardial collagen and collagen volume fraction(CVF)were compaired in all proups.The expression levels of OPG,RANKL and RANK proteins in cardiomyocytes were determined by Western blot.Results The contents of HYP in sham-operation,model 1 week,model 2 weeks,model 4 weeks,model 8 weeks and model 12 weeks group were(0.25±0.04),(0.37±0.05),(0.45±0.04),(0.60±0.05),(0.82±0.10)and(1.03±0.07)μg·mg-1;the total myocardial collagen contents were(1.87±0.31),(2.73±0.38),(3.36±0.31),(4.47±0.37),(6.08±0.74)and(7.67±0.49)μg·mg-1;the CVF were(1.95±0.23)％,(2.40±0.25)％,(3.65±0.25)％,(5.43±0.29)％,(6.97±0.36)％and(9.38±0.49)％;the relative expression levels of OPG protein were 0.64±0.07,0.80±0.07,1.02±0.07,1.32±0.11,2.13±0.12 and 2.84±0.16;the relative expression levels of RANKL protein were 0.71±0.08,1.06±0.07,1.53±0.07,2.62±0.12,4.46±0.14 and 6.11±0.16;the relative expression levels of RANK protein were 0.30±0.05,0.45±0.05,0.63±0.06,0.98±0.07,1.43±0.10 and 1.63±0.10.With the extention of time,the above indexs of all model groups were significantly higher than those in the sham-operation group(all P＜0.05).There were positive linear correlation between the relative expression levels of OPG,RANKL,RANK protein and the levels of CVF and total contents in cardiomyocytes of rats with chronic heart failure(allP＜0.01).Conclusions In the process of chronic heart failure,the expression of OPG/RANKL/RANK axis is obviously enhanced,in which the up-regulation of RANKL level is most obvious.The expression level of OPG/RANKL/RANK is positively correlated with CVF and total myocardial collagen content.

Objective To explore limb coordination patterns and energy flow strategies during the sit-to-stand(STS)transition in individuals with patellofemoral pain(PFP),so as to provide a theoretical evidence for the pathogenesis of PFP and subsequent formulation of treatment and rehabilitation strategies for PFP patients.Methods A totoal of 36 participants was recruited for the STS test.They were divided into the unilateral PFP group(unilateral group),bilateral PFP group(bilateral group),and control group,based on the number of limbs affected by PFP.An infrared motion capture system and a three-dimensioanl force plate were used for motion capture.Visual 3D and Matlab software were used to calculate the trunk and pelvis angles,angular velocities,linear velocities,and proximal and distal joint forces.Additionally,the angles,torques,and joint forces of the hip,knee,and ankle joints,along with the angular and linear velocities of the thigh and shank,were computed.Coupling angles was used to represent coordination patterns via vector coding;the segmental net energy integration method was used to calculate energy flow within segments at each stage.Results For the coordination pattern at frontal plane,the proximal coordination mode frequency of the pelvis-hip coordination in the flexion momentum phase(FMP)was higher in unilateral group than that in bilateral group(P=0.024).In the momentum transfer phase(MTP),the frequency of in-phase coordination in the trunk-pelvis coordination was higher in unilateral group than that in bilateral group(P=0.023),while the frequency of distal coordination was higher in control group than in that in unilateral group(P=0.032).For the knee-ankle coordination pattern,the frequency of distal coordination in control group was lower than that in unilateral and bilateral groups(P=0.025,P=0.005).In segmental energy flow,during the FMP,the energy output from the pelvis during extension phase(MP)was higher in bilateral group than that in control group(P=0.021).Conclusions PFP affects energy flow patterns and coordination patterns at frontal plane during the STS transition.Individuals in unilateral group may engage in lateral pelvic and ankle movements as a dynamic compensation for patellofemoral joint pressure,whereas individuals in bilateral group appear to increase pelvic region energy output and employ a more complex whole-body coordination pattern to compensate for functional deficits in the knee caused by PFP.