Based on the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''， Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang treats the patient's physical symptoms， disorders of Qi movement， and disorders of consciousness， covering the overall treatment and comprehensive nursing of physique， Qi， and spirit. It is widely applied and recognized for its efficacy in modern clinical practice. This paper explored the treatment effect of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang from the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''. This formula mainly targeted patients with Qi deficiency caused by cold， leading to a syndrome of Qi stagnation and water retention in the Triple Energizer Meridian of Hand Lesser Yang （TE）， as well as fire-heat syndrome in the Large Intestine Meridian of Hand Yang Brightness （LI） and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yang Brightness （ST）， accompanied by disorder of nutrient-blood and subsequent spirit and soul unrest. Accurately judging the imbalance of the patient's physique， Qi， and spirit and using an appropriate combination of medicinals can achieve balance among the three to achieve the best effect. The treatment strategy of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang is as follows： For disorders of Qi movement， such as Qi deficiency， Qi stagnation， and gastrointestinal fire-heat， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Bupleuri Radix-Scutellariae Radix， and Rhei Radix et Rhizoma are used in combination. For physical symptoms such as water retention and disorder of nutrient-blood， Poria-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens， as well as Cinnamomi Ramulus-Jujubae Fructus are used in combination. Finally， Os Draconis-Ostreae Concha-Plumbum Rubrum is used to calm the spirit and soothe the soul. According to existing research， Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang has shown good efficacy in treating a variety of complex clinical diseases. This article provides a comprehensive interpretation of Chaihu Jia Longgu Mulitang from the perspective of the trinity life view of ''physique， Qi， and spirit''， offering new insights for clinical syndrome differentiation， treatment， and prescription.

Immune checkpoints include a series of receptor-ligand pairs that play a key role in the proliferation, activation, and immune regulatory responses of immune cells. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) have achieved good therapeutic effects in clinical practice, some patients still experience ineffective treatment and immune resistance. A large amount of evidence has shown that immune checkpoint proteins are related to cell metabolism during immune regulation. On the one hand, immune checkpoints connect to alter the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells to compete for nutrients required by immune cells. On the other hand, immune checkpoints regulate the metabolic pathways of immune cells, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) to affect the activation of immune cells. Based on a review of the literature, this article reviews the mechanisms by which PD-1, CTLA-4, T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) regulate cell metabolic reprogramming, and looks forward to whether targeting the ligand-receptor pairs of immune checkpoints in a "dual regulation" manner and inhibiting metabolic pathways can effectively solve the problem of tumor immune resistance.
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Humans ; Neoplasms/genetics* ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways/immunology* ; Animals ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology*

Gene regulation relies on the precise binding of transcription factors (TFs) at regulatory elements, but simultaneously detecting hundreds of TFs on chromatin is challenging. We developed cFOOT-seq, a cytosine deaminase-based TF footprinting assay, for high-resolution, quantitative genome-wide assessment of TF binding in both open and closed chromatin regions, even with small cell numbers. By utilizing the dsDNA deaminase SsdAtox, cFOOT-seq converts accessible cytosines to uracil while preserving genomic integrity, making it compatible with techniques like ATAC-seq for sensitive and cost-effective detection of TF occupancy at the single-molecule and single-cell level. Our approach enables the delineation of TF footprints, quantification of occupancy, and examination of chromatin influences on TF binding. Notably, cFOOT-seq, combined with FootTrack analysis, enables de novo prediction of TF binding sites and tracking of TF occupancy dynamics. We demonstrate its application in capturing cell type-specific TFs, analyzing TF dynamics during reprogramming, and revealing TF dependencies on chromatin remodelers. Overall, cFOOT-seq represents a robust approach for investigating the genome-wide dynamics of TF occupancy and elucidating the cis-regulatory architecture underlying gene regulation.
Transcription Factors/genetics* ; Humans ; Chromatin/genetics* ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Mice ; DNA Footprinting/methods*

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mild hypothermia for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine Disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and VIP Database were searched for prospective randomized controlled researches on mild hypothermia and normothermia for patients with sTBI. The search time was from the establishment of the databases to February 2023. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. The evaluation indicators included literature search results, basic characteristics and quality of the literature, poor prognosis rate and mortality at 6 and 12 months after treatment, incidence of pulmonary infection, arrhythmia, thrombocytopenia, intracranial infection, renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal ulcer/bleeding and electrolyte disorder during the treatment, and publication bias.Results:A total of 16 papers involving 2 640 patients were included, comprising 1 381 patients in the mild hypothermia group and 1 259 patients in the normothermia group. The poor prognosis rate in the mild hypothermia group was significantly lower than that in the normothermia group at 6 and 12 months after treatment ( RR=0.81, 95% CI 0.69, 0.95, P<0.01; RR=0.65, 95% CI 0.51, 0.84, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the mortality between the two groups at 6 and 12 months after treatment ( RR=0.81, 95% CI 0.61, 1.08, P>0.05; RR=0.69, 95% CI 0.47, 1.03, P>0.05). In contrast with the the normothermia group, in the mild hypothermia group the incidence of pulmonary infection was significantly different ( RR=1.18, 95% CI 1.04, 1.34, P<0.01); the incidence of arrhythmia was not significantly different ( RR=1.35, 95% CI 0.73, 2.49, P>0.05); the incidence of thrombocytopenia was significantly different ( RR=1.78, 95% CI 1.34, 2.37, P<0.01); the incidence of intracranial infection was not significantly different ( RR=1.32, 95% CI 0.54, 3.23, P>0.05); the incidence of renal insufficiency was not significantly different ( RR=1.22, 95% CI 0.71, 2.09, P>0.05); the incidence of gastrointestinal ulcer/bleeding was not significantly different ( RR=0.98, 95% CI 0.73, 1.31, P>0.05); the incidence of electrolyte disorders was not significantly different ( RR=1.39, 95% CI 1.00, 1.94, P>0.05). The funnel plot was approximately symmetrical and the scattered points were concentrated in the narrow area in the upper part of the funnel plot, suggesting no publication bias. Conclusions:In comparison with normothermia for sTBI, mild hypothermia can not reduce the mortality at 6 and 12 months after treatment, but it can reduce the incidence of poor prognosis at 6 and 12 months after treatment. Moreover, mild hypothermia has no obvious effect on the incidence of arrhythmia, intracranial infection, renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal ulcer/bleeding, and electrolyte disorder, but it can increase the incidence of pulmonary infection and thrombocytopenia.

Chang-Kang-Fang (CKF) formula, a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescription, has been widely used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, its potential material basis and underlying mechanism remain elusive. Therefore, this study employed an integrated approach that combined ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) with network pharmacology to systematically characterize the phytochemical components and metabolites of CKF, as well as elucidating its underlying mechanism. Through this comprehensive analysis, a total of 150 components were identified or tentatively characterized within the CKF formula. Notably, six N-acetyldopamine oligomers from CicadaePeriostracum and eight resin glycosides from Cuscutae Semen were characterized in this formula for the first time. Meanwhile, 149 xenobiotics (58 prototypes and 91 metabolites) were detected in plasma, urine, feces, brain, and intestinal contents, and the in vivo metabolic pathways of resin glycosides were elaborated for the first time. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses revealed that alkaloids, flavonoids, chromones, monoterpenes, N-acetyldopamine dimers, p-hydroxycinnamic acid, and Cus-3/isomer might be responsible for the beneficial effects of CKF in treating IBS, and CASP8, MARK14, PIK3C, PIK3R1, TLR4, and TNF may be its potential targets. These discoveries offer a comprehensive understanding of the potential material basis and clarify the underlying mechanism of the CKF formula in treating IBS, facilitating the broader application of CKF in the field of medicine.
Humans ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/drug therapy* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Glycosides ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effects of cold therapy in treatment of inflammatory hemorrhoids.MethodsSixty patients were separated into two groups according to the visiting sequence with 30 cases each.The treatment group accepted cold therapy,meanwhile the control group took the tablets diosmin and accepted hot compress with 50％ magnesium sulfate.ResultsThe symptoms evaluation score was ( 10.5 ± 1.3 ) scores and (6.4 ± 1.2) scores before and after treatment in treatment group,while ( 10.3 ±1.4) scores and(9.4 ± 1.3) scores in control group,there was no significant difference before treatment between two groups (P＞ 0.05 ),but there was significant difference after treatment between two groups (P＜0.05).After 3 days treatment,cure rate was 60.0％(18/30),eifficient rate was 90.0％(27/30) in treatment group,while 10.0％ (3/30),53.3％ ( 16/30 ) in control group,there were significant differences between two groups(P＜ 0.05).ConclusionCold therapy is good for inflammatory hemorrhoids.