ObjectiveAngelicae Sinensis Radix， a commonly used medicinal herb with both medicinal and edible properties， is frequently adulterated in the market， severely affecting the clinical efficacy of preparations. While qualitative identification techniques for adulterants and counterfeits are now relatively mature， quantitative detection methods for adulterated processed products remain unexplored. Quantitative detection research of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its primary closely related adulterant， "Tu Danggui" （Angelica gigas）， was conducted to establish a herbal quantitative molecular detection （Herb-Q） method for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its processed products， providing a model for the establishment of quantitative detection technologies for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and related health products. MethodsThe specific single-nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelica gigas Nakai were screened based on the complete chloroplast genome sequence. The specific SNP loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were selected for quantitative methodological investigations （linearity， limit of quantification， limit of detection， and reproducibility） by mixing the powder of the herbs with different adulteration ratios. Huoxue Zhitong powder with three distinct adulteration ratios （15%， 25%， and 35%） was utilized to ascertain the precision of the Herb-Q method for the quantitative detection of Chinese patent medicines containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix. ResultsBy comparing the 123 chloroplast genome sequences of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， based on the principles of intraspecies conservation， interspecies specificity， and meeting the requirements of pyrophosphate high-throughput sequencing， it was determined that 9 674^th locus （A/G） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_042826.1 and 38 592^nd locus （T/C） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_029393.1 could be the exclusive molecular identification loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelica gigas Nakai， respectively. The linear relationship R² of the Herb-Q method established by selecting the specific 9 674^th locus （A/G） of Angelicae Sinensis Radix was 0.997 4 （R²>0.99）， indicating an excellent linear relationship. The limits of quantification and detection were established at 2.0%， exhibiting excellent reproducibility ［relative standard deviation（RSD）<2.0%］. The established quantitative system based on the Herb-Q method detected the adulteration amount of counterfeit A. gigas in the Huoxue Zhitong powder， with an average deviation of 1.3% for three molecular quantitative replicates. ConclusionThis research demonstrates that the Herb-Q quantitative detection method established based on the 9 674^th locus （A/G） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_042826.1 of Angelicae Sinensis Radix has good applicability， objectivity， and accuracy for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and A. gigas， and its processed products. This method has the capacity to provide technical support for the quantitative detection of commercially available Angelicae Sinensis Radix derivatives， including traditional Chinese medicinal preparations， dietary supplements， and nutraceuticals.

ObjectiveAngelicae Sinensis Radix， a commonly used medicinal herb with both medicinal and edible properties， is frequently adulterated in the market， severely affecting the clinical efficacy of preparations. While qualitative identification techniques for adulterants and counterfeits are now relatively mature， quantitative detection methods for adulterated processed products remain unexplored. Quantitative detection research of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its primary closely related adulterant， "Tu Danggui" （Angelica gigas）， was conducted to establish a herbal quantitative molecular detection （Herb-Q） method for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its processed products， providing a model for the establishment of quantitative detection technologies for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and related health products. MethodsThe specific single-nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelica gigas Nakai were screened based on the complete chloroplast genome sequence. The specific SNP loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix were selected for quantitative methodological investigations （linearity， limit of quantification， limit of detection， and reproducibility） by mixing the powder of the herbs with different adulteration ratios. Huoxue Zhitong powder with three distinct adulteration ratios （15%， 25%， and 35%） was utilized to ascertain the precision of the Herb-Q method for the quantitative detection of Chinese patent medicines containing Angelicae Sinensis Radix. ResultsBy comparing the 123 chloroplast genome sequences of Angelicae Sinensis Radix， based on the principles of intraspecies conservation， interspecies specificity， and meeting the requirements of pyrophosphate high-throughput sequencing， it was determined that 9 674^th locus （A/G） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_042826.1 and 38 592^nd locus （T/C） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_029393.1 could be the exclusive molecular identification loci of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelica gigas Nakai， respectively. The linear relationship R² of the Herb-Q method established by selecting the specific 9 674^th locus （A/G） of Angelicae Sinensis Radix was 0.997 4 （R²>0.99）， indicating an excellent linear relationship. The limits of quantification and detection were established at 2.0%， exhibiting excellent reproducibility ［relative standard deviation（RSD）<2.0%］. The established quantitative system based on the Herb-Q method detected the adulteration amount of counterfeit A. gigas in the Huoxue Zhitong powder， with an average deviation of 1.3% for three molecular quantitative replicates. ConclusionThis research demonstrates that the Herb-Q quantitative detection method established based on the 9 674^th locus （A/G） in the chloroplast genome sequence NC_042826.1 of Angelicae Sinensis Radix has good applicability， objectivity， and accuracy for Angelicae Sinensis Radix and A. gigas， and its processed products. This method has the capacity to provide technical support for the quantitative detection of commercially available Angelicae Sinensis Radix derivatives， including traditional Chinese medicinal preparations， dietary supplements， and nutraceuticals.

Objective:To evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics and volume changes of pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients induced by sigmoid sinus wall dehiscence (SSWD) using MRI.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Totally 55 SSWD-PT patients, and 35 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled at Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2019 to September 2023. The CSF at the midbrain aqueduct level was analyzed based on phase-contrast MRI to obtain the flow dynamics information. Based on T 1-weighted turbo field echo sequence, the CSF was segmented and the volume of CSF was calculated using ITK-SNAP software. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences of each parameter between the two groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the parameters with statistically significant differences to obtain the independent influencing factors of SSWD-PT and establish the combined parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of diagnosing SSWD-PT. Results:Compared with controls, the SSWD-PT group showed significantly decreased mean flux (MF), mean velocity, peak velocity( P<0.05), and significantly increased regurgitant fraction (RF), CSF volume ( P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in forward flow volume, backward flow volume, and stroke volume ( P>0.05). The logistic regression results showed that MF ( OR=0.497, 95% CI 0.305-0.808, P=0.005) and RF ( OR=1.809, 95% CI 1.040-3.147, P=0.036) were independent influencing factors of SSWD-PT. The area under the curve (AUC) of MF and RF for diagnosing SSWD-PT were 0.641 (95% CI 0.517-0.766) and 0.675 (95% CI 0.564-0.786), respectively. The AUC of the combination of MF and RF was 0.724 (95% CI 0.614-0.833). Conclusions:SSWD-PT patients have abnormal changes in CSF flow dynamics and volume. The MF and RF demonstrate moderate diagnostic value for diagnosing SSWD-PT.

This study aims to isolate and identify the Pasteurella multocida(Pm)that caused re-spiratory infections in cattle at a farm in Beijing,and to clarify the biological characteristics of the pathogen,including its serotype,drug resistance,pathogenicity,and genomic features.For this pur-pose,nasopharyngeal swabs and tissue samples were collected from an infected cow for bacterial i-solation and purification,16S rRNA gene amplification,capsular serotyping,virulence gene detec-tion,and whole-genome sequencing of the isolated strain.The results showed that after bacterial i-solation and purification,biochemical tests,and PCR identification,a type A P.multocida strain named"Pm WZ01"was identified.The virulence gene amplification revealed that the Pm WZ01 ge-nome contained the tadD,nanH,ompA,exbB,exbD,and fur genes.Whole-genome sequencing determined that the Pm WZ01 strain had a genome size of 2 383 021 bp with a GC content of 40.28％,containing 56 tRNAs,19 rRNAs,155 pseudogenes,three genomic islands,five prophages,and 55 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes.CARD annotation analysis found one PBP3 resistance gene and two EF-Tu resistance genes.VFDB and PHI-base annotation analysis identified 582 viru-lence factor-related genes and 888 phenotypic mutation genes,etc.Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the Pm WZ01 strain is most closely related to the Pm-3 strain(CP014618.1)from Changchun,China,the P1933 strain(CP132898.1)from the UK,and the HB01 strain(CP006976.1)from Hubei,China,belonging to the same clade.This study completed the isolation and identifica-tion of a type A P.multocida strain as well as the analysis of its biological characteristics and whole-genome sequencing,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control research of bovine type A P.multocida disease.

This study aims to isolate and identify the Pasteurella multocida(Pm)that caused re-spiratory infections in cattle at a farm in Beijing,and to clarify the biological characteristics of the pathogen,including its serotype,drug resistance,pathogenicity,and genomic features.For this pur-pose,nasopharyngeal swabs and tissue samples were collected from an infected cow for bacterial i-solation and purification,16S rRNA gene amplification,capsular serotyping,virulence gene detec-tion,and whole-genome sequencing of the isolated strain.The results showed that after bacterial i-solation and purification,biochemical tests,and PCR identification,a type A P.multocida strain named"Pm WZ01"was identified.The virulence gene amplification revealed that the Pm WZ01 ge-nome contained the tadD,nanH,ompA,exbB,exbD,and fur genes.Whole-genome sequencing determined that the Pm WZ01 strain had a genome size of 2 383 021 bp with a GC content of 40.28％,containing 56 tRNAs,19 rRNAs,155 pseudogenes,three genomic islands,five prophages,and 55 carbohydrate-active enzyme genes.CARD annotation analysis found one PBP3 resistance gene and two EF-Tu resistance genes.VFDB and PHI-base annotation analysis identified 582 viru-lence factor-related genes and 888 phenotypic mutation genes,etc.Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the Pm WZ01 strain is most closely related to the Pm-3 strain(CP014618.1)from Changchun,China,the P1933 strain(CP132898.1)from the UK,and the HB01 strain(CP006976.1)from Hubei,China,belonging to the same clade.This study completed the isolation and identifica-tion of a type A P.multocida strain as well as the analysis of its biological characteristics and whole-genome sequencing,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and control research of bovine type A P.multocida disease.

Chronic pain causes physical suffering and can have major psychological impacts in patients.Chronic pain can induce depressive disorder,and clinical studies have consistently shown that chronic pain and depression frequently co-occur,suggesting the possibility of shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying these conditions.Acupuncture,as an alternative therapy,has been widely used for analgesia and to treat depression,with demonstrated clinical efficacy.The therapeutic mechanism of acupuncture is related to neural and endocrine regulation.This review considers the mechanism of chronic pain accompanied by depression,in relation to the brain regions and neural circuits affected by acupuncture treatment.This review provides a new approach for the treatment of depression caused by chronic pain.

Chronic pain causes physical suffering and can have major psychological impacts in patients.Chronic pain can induce depressive disorder,and clinical studies have consistently shown that chronic pain and depression frequently co-occur,suggesting the possibility of shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying these conditions.Acupuncture,as an alternative therapy,has been widely used for analgesia and to treat depression,with demonstrated clinical efficacy.The therapeutic mechanism of acupuncture is related to neural and endocrine regulation.This review considers the mechanism of chronic pain accompanied by depression,in relation to the brain regions and neural circuits affected by acupuncture treatment.This review provides a new approach for the treatment of depression caused by chronic pain.

Deep infiltrating endometriosis(DIE)is defined as endometriotic lesions infiltrating≥5 mm beneath the peritoneum,commonly affecting the uterosacral ligaments,rectovaginal septum,vaginal vault,and rectal wall.Due to nonspecific clinical manifestations and atypical imaging features,DIE is often misdiagnosed.This study reports a case of rectal DIE diagnosed preoperatively by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)and summarizes the multidisciplinary treatment experience in conjunction with a literature review.A 35-year-old woman was admitted for defecation difficulty.MRI and EUS-FNA confirmed rectal DIE.After multidisciplinary team(MDT)evaluation involving colorectal,gynecologic,and urologic specialists,laparoscopic resection of the rectal lesion,sigmoid-rectal anastomosis,and protective ileostomy were performed.Pathology confirmed rectal DIE with negative margins.The stoma was successfully reversed 4 months later,and no recurrence was observed during 21 months of follow-up.These findings highlight the pivotal role of EUS-FNA in early diagnosis and demonstrate that an MDT approach led by colorectal surgeons can significantly enhance surgical safety and completeness,providing valuable guidance for the individualized management of complex pelvic endometriosis.

Deep infiltrating endometriosis(DIE)is defined as endometriotic lesions infiltrating≥5 mm beneath the peritoneum,commonly affecting the uterosacral ligaments,rectovaginal septum,vaginal vault,and rectal wall.Due to nonspecific clinical manifestations and atypical imaging features,DIE is often misdiagnosed.This study reports a case of rectal DIE diagnosed preoperatively by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)and summarizes the multidisciplinary treatment experience in conjunction with a literature review.A 35-year-old woman was admitted for defecation difficulty.MRI and EUS-FNA confirmed rectal DIE.After multidisciplinary team(MDT)evaluation involving colorectal,gynecologic,and urologic specialists,laparoscopic resection of the rectal lesion,sigmoid-rectal anastomosis,and protective ileostomy were performed.Pathology confirmed rectal DIE with negative margins.The stoma was successfully reversed 4 months later,and no recurrence was observed during 21 months of follow-up.These findings highlight the pivotal role of EUS-FNA in early diagnosis and demonstrate that an MDT approach led by colorectal surgeons can significantly enhance surgical safety and completeness,providing valuable guidance for the individualized management of complex pelvic endometriosis.

At present,the main reason for the lagging development of emotional disease theory and the backward development of targeted drugs is the lack of suitable and effective animal models,and model evaluation is the key and difficult point in the preparation of emotional disease animal models.The theory of syndrome element differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine is closely matched with the theory of behavioral elements in animal behavior,which is expected to bring theoretical changes and methodological progress in related fields.Based on this background,this paper systematically sorted out and clarified the theoretical conception of animal model e-valuation of emotional diseases:guided by the thinking mode of syndrome differentiation theory of TCM,an attempt was made to estab-lish a complete model evaluation system.It also pointed out the realization path of animal model evaluation of emotional disease based on syndrome element differentiation theory:collection of behavioral elements in natural state and analysis of time sequence,phenotypic identification of abnormal behaviors under stress state,and equivalent transformation of model animal syndrome discrimination.