Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant endogenously synthesized lipid hormone, plays an important role in response to stress. This manuscript summarized the biosynthesis and metabolism of JA and its related regulatory mechanisms, as well as the signal transduction of JA. The mechanism and regulatory network of JA in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses were systematically reviewed, with the latest advances highlighted. In addition, this review summarized the signal crosstalk between JA and other hormones in regulating plant resistance to various stresses. Finally, the problems to be solved in the study of plant stress resistance mediated by JA were discussed, and the application of new molecular biological technologies in regulating JA signaling to enhance crop resistance was prospected, with the aim to facilitate future research and application of plant stress resistance.
Signal Transduction ; Cyclopentanes ; Oxylipins ; Plant Growth Regulators

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe disease with an increasing incidence rate in clinical practice. Although most patients have mild pancreatitis, the fatality rate of severe pancreatitis remains at a relatively high level, and therefore, early-stage, simple, and accurate clinical scoring systems are urgently needed to determine the severity of AP, so as to facilitate effective disease management and symptomatic treatment and reduce the fatality rate of patients. At present, a large number of studies have demonstrated that the scoring systems such as Ranson score, APACHE Ⅱ score, BISAP score, CTSI score, and some serological markers have been used to evaluate the severity and prognosis of AP, but all of them have certain limitations. This article reviews the research advances in the existing scoring systems, single serological markers, and related modified scoring systems in recent years. Through a literature review, it is concluded that there is no a single scoring system or a single indicator that can cover the whole process of AP diagnosis and treatment and accurately judge the severity of AP, and therefore, it is necessary to develop a new scoring system or combine various indicators for comprehensive evaluation.

OBJECTIVE： To establish the fingerprint of the ethanol e xtract from Melastoma dodecandrum ， to study spectrum-effect relationship of its antioxidant activity. METHODS ：HPLC method and Similarity Evaluation System of TCM Chromatographic Fingerprint （2012 edition）were used to establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum，and heir similarity was evaluated. The common peaks were identified by comparing with substance control. DPPH free radical scavenging method ，ABTS free radical scavenging method and total antioxidant capacity determination method （FRAP） were used to determine antioxidant activity in vitro of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum . Principal component analysis，bivariate correlation analysis and partial least squares regression analysis were used to study the spectrum-effect relationship of the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum . RESULTS ：Totally 20 common peaks were identified in HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum ；its similarity with the control fingerprint was not less than 0.831；it was identified that peak 3 was gallic acid ，peak 13 was vitexin ，peak 17 was rutin and peak 19 was ellagic acid. The IC 50 values of DPPH radical scavenging method of 15 batches of ethanol extracts from M. dodecandrum were 21.98-57.87 μ g/mL，that of ABTS radical scavenging method were 40.94-101.88 μ g/mL，the results of FRAP method were 0.19-0.48 mg/mL. Principal component analysis showed that the contribution rate of IC 50 variance of DPPH was 80.77％. Bivariate correlation analysis showed that the peak areas of peak 2 （positive correlation ） and peak 11 （negative correlation ） were significantly correlated with antioxidant activity （P＜0.05）；partial least squares regression analysis showed that ，the variable projection importance （VIP）in descending order was peak 11＞peak 2＞peak 16＞peak 15＞peak 12＞peak 13＞peak 18，and their VIP values were greater than 1. Peaks 2，13，15，16 and 18 were positively correlated with antioxidant activity ，and peaks 11 and 12 were negatively correlate d with antioxidant activity ，and the absolute value of standardized regression coefficient were greater than 0.1. CONCLUSIONS ：Fifteen batches of ethanol extracts of M. dodecandrum have antioxidant activity in vitro . The compounds corresponding to common peaks 2，11，12， 13，15，16 and 18 may be the material basis of antioxidant activity of M. dodecandrum .

Objectives: To explore the expression regulation of type 1 and type 2 (Th1 and Th2) cytokines from serum of coal miners and the evaluation in surveillance of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, 630 coal miners were studied. Methods: A total of 90 male patients diagnosed as coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in a institute for occupational health and 19 male workers newly diagnosed as CWP patients was chosen as CWP group with simple random sampling method from a coal mine group from January 2013 to December in 2015. 180 male coal miners with abnormal but not diagnosed as CWP were selected as CWP suspected group with simple random sampling methods, meanwhile 180 male coal miners with normal chest X-ray photograph was as dust-exposed group by 1∶1 matched as age. And 161 healthy males accepted pre-employed examination were selected as control group, CWP suspected group, dust-exposed group and control group called as non-CWP group. According to screening test and diagnosis test, the basic information and occupational history of all subjects were collected, and cytokines including IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10 of serum were detected. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cutoff value of each cytokine. Area under curve (AUC), the validity and reliability were calculated and judged. Results: The average age of control group, dust-exposed group, CWP suspected group and CWP group were (27.4±5.0) , (43.4±10.7) , (48.2±6.2) , (64.7±7.0) years old, respectively. The median level of IL-1β, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-6 in cases group (1 638.30, 2 099.49, 815.18,140.32 pg/ml) were higher than that of non-cases group (1 445.57, 1 402.26, 736.38, 95.73 pg/ml) (P<0.05) . The level of IL-8 (1 503.99 pg/ml) in CWP suspected group was higher than that of control group (1 295.67 pg/ml) and dust-exposed group (1 376.94 pg/ml) , but the level of IL-10 (654.08 pg/ml) was lower than that of control group (596.64 pg/ml) . The ratio of IFN-γ/IL-6 ranged from 5 to 8, and the ratio in CWP group (5.87) was lower than that of non-CWP group (7.61) . The IL-6 and IL-8 among the subjects of dust-exposed group in terms of the age distribution of among had reached statistical significance. According to ROC, the cutoff value of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and INF-γ reached 1 582.65, 116.53, 1 791.54, 581.08 and 792.69 pg/ml, respectively. The AUC was 0.668, 0.895, 0.859, 0.716 and 0.637, respectively. It was found that IL-6 and IL-8 could be used as biomarkers in detecting CWP, the sensitivity and specificity was 82.6% and 84.6%, 78.0% and 84.8%, respectively; Youden's index was 0.674 and 0.628 and the consistency rate was 84.3% and 83.7%, while Kappa value was 0.55 and 0.52. Conclusion There was Type 1 and type 2 cytokine dysregulation in CWP patients. IL-6 and IL-8 can be used as effective biomarkers to forecast lung injury before X-ray changes.

Objective:To develop a more suitable sterile examination method for artemether injection in order to control its quality better. Methods:The direct inoculation and the membrane filtration was respectively used for the sterile examination of artemether in-jection. Results:In the direct inoculation method, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium perfringens grew well in the test tubes containing artemether injection in 24 h, and Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans grew well in 48 h. In the membrane filtration method, Staphylococcus aureus grew well in 24 h in the test group containing artemether injection, and the other 5 strains grew well in 48 h. Conclusion:The positive strains can grow well in the applicability test of both methods. However, due to the simpler operation and higher accuracy of membrane filtration method, it is recommended to be used for the sterile test of artemether injection.

Objective:To develop a more suitable sterile examination method for artemether injection in order to control its quality better. Methods:The direct inoculation and the membrane filtration was respectively used for the sterile examination of artemether in-jection. Results:In the direct inoculation method, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium perfringens grew well in the test tubes containing artemether injection in 24 h, and Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans grew well in 48 h. In the membrane filtration method, Staphylococcus aureus grew well in 24 h in the test group containing artemether injection, and the other 5 strains grew well in 48 h. Conclusion:The positive strains can grow well in the applicability test of both methods. However, due to the simpler operation and higher accuracy of membrane filtration method, it is recommended to be used for the sterile test of artemether injection.

Objeetive To study the differences of the biological characteristics and immune regulation function of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs)from psoriasis patients and healthy people.Methods AMSCs were isolated and cultured from human psoriatic and healthy adipose tissue,the phenotypes and cell cycle of AMSCs taken from three generation were detected by flow eytometry.Alkaline phosphate enzyme staining and oil red o staining were used respectively to identify their adipogenic and osteogenic capacity.Next,the levels of inflammation antimicrobial proinflammatory factor were detected by PCR and ELISA.Then gene expression profile of AMSCs were screen by gene expression profile chip,as so to bolting the the gene array related with immunology gene.Results There was no significant change in cell morphology,and cell surface markers were expressed high for CD29,CD44,CD73,while lower for CD31,CD45 and HLA-DR.AMSCs of psoriasis patients and healthy people both had the ability of adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation.But the cell cycle showed the third generation AMSCs proliferation rates were slower than that of normal control,as compared with healthy controls,adipogenic differentiation ability was stronger.What'more,the level of inflammatory cytokines in psoriasis group was lower than that in controls such asIL-10,IDO,TGF-β,on the contrary the levels of proinflammatory factor in psoriasis group were higher than that in controls,such as TNF-α,IFN-γ.In addition,gene chip results suggested that psoriasis group AMSCs had obvious expression differences on JAK-STAT pathway with healthy controls.Conclusions Compared with the control,there are significant differences in patients AMSCs proliferation and adipogenic differentiation ability,immune inflammation suppression control ability is weaken,this phenomenon may be associated with JAK-STAT immune pathways related to downgrade.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of regulating Spleen Yangwei Decoction combined with rabeprazole in the treatment of rheumatoid gastritis with hot and humid obstruction.MethodsFrom April 2013 to February 2015, 88 patients with reflux gastritis caused by cholecystectomy in our hospital were selected as the subjects.TCM syndrome differentiation was hot and humid type, and random number table was divided into observation Group and control group of 44 cases, the control group given rabeprazole, citrate xylapril tablets and other Western medicine treatment, observation group on the basis of this plus self-adjusting spleen and stomach soup, are treated for 3 months, (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the two groups before and after treatment, and the quality of life scale was used to evaluate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (QOL) and digital pain score (NRS) were compared between the two groups to improve the quality of life and pain, and to observe the recurrence of bile reflux and adverse reactions.ResultsThe effective rate was 93.18% in the observation group and 77.27% higher than that in the control group (P<0.05).The QOL score (121.29±1.88) in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The results of bile test showed that the levels of pg/mL, IL-8 (8.58±1.64) pg/mL and NRS (2.10±0.71) were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the observation group (11.36%) and the control group (4.54%).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P< 0.05).ConclusionModified Spleen Yangwei Decoction combined with rabeprazole can effectively treat rheumatoid reflux gastritis, reduce bile reflux, improve the level of inflammatory factors, quality of life and pain, and mild adverse reactions, it is worth in the clinical promotion application.

We systematically analyse and summarize on the literature(1996-2016) by reading and analysing them.Active ingredients and pharmacological activity of traditional Chinese medicine pigment composition(Saffower Yellower Injection) is introduced and its response characteristics, factors and potential causes of ADR are revealed, which provides the reference for safe, rational clinical management of drugs.Also it reminds that clinicians should master the characteristics of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine pigment and grasp the ADR potential causes and control measures, in order to reach the goal of rational drug use.