OBJECTIVE To evaluate the current status of bacterial contamination control and prevention measures and construction of quality control laboratory in Chinese blood station,and find out the problems and put forward the improvement suggestions.METHODS A total of 41 questionnaires were sent out for performance comparison by secretariat of working group of Chinese blood collection and supply institutions from May 2024 to Jun.2024,and 40 questionnaires were received(14 blood centers and 26 central blood stations),39 of which were valid.The questionnaire survey covered four aspects,including disinfection and surveillance,construction of quality control laboratory,sterility test for blood component and monitoring of blood transfusion reactions.The data were pro-cessed through itemized statistics and descriptive analysis.RESULTS Totally 84.62％of the blood stations used io-dine-containing disinfectants for arm disinfection of the blood donors,and the monthly monitoring was the primary frequency.Among the quality control laboratories,43.59％were registered as biosafety level 2,while 35.90％lacked biosafety registration.As for the pressure settings of the laboratories,64.10％were under normal pres-sure,15.38％under negative pressure and 17.95％under positive pressure.In the sterility test,the utilization rate of ultra clean operating tables and biological safety cabinets was 48.72％,the blood stations that did not have the indoor quality control accounted for 79.49％,and only 35.90％participated the external quality assessment.Regarding the approaches to confirm the positive result,25.64％of the blood stations adopted the re-peated tests,and 15.38％adopted the combination with positive culture bottle.The shortage of fund was the ma-jor restricted factor for the sterility test,and the confirmation of positive result was the fundamental difficulty.The blood stations with the feedback of insufficient transfusion reactions reported from hospitals ac-counted for 53.85％,while the blood stations that encountered suspected bacterial transfusion reactions with nega-tive culture results accounted for 25.64％.CONCLUSIONS The infeciton control and prevention measures and the construction of quality control laboratory vary significantly in Chinese blood stations.The incomplete biosafety registration,non-standardized sterility test operation and weak surveillance of blood transfusion reactions are the major existing problems.It is suggested that the investment should be increased to push forward the standardi-zation and complete the laboratory biosafety system,and a hospital-blood station closed loop coordination mecha-nism should be established so as to raise the blood safety.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the current status of bacterial contamination control and prevention measures and construction of quality control laboratory in Chinese blood station,and find out the problems and put forward the improvement suggestions.METHODS A total of 41 questionnaires were sent out for performance comparison by secretariat of working group of Chinese blood collection and supply institutions from May 2024 to Jun.2024,and 40 questionnaires were received(14 blood centers and 26 central blood stations),39 of which were valid.The questionnaire survey covered four aspects,including disinfection and surveillance,construction of quality control laboratory,sterility test for blood component and monitoring of blood transfusion reactions.The data were pro-cessed through itemized statistics and descriptive analysis.RESULTS Totally 84.62％of the blood stations used io-dine-containing disinfectants for arm disinfection of the blood donors,and the monthly monitoring was the primary frequency.Among the quality control laboratories,43.59％were registered as biosafety level 2,while 35.90％lacked biosafety registration.As for the pressure settings of the laboratories,64.10％were under normal pres-sure,15.38％under negative pressure and 17.95％under positive pressure.In the sterility test,the utilization rate of ultra clean operating tables and biological safety cabinets was 48.72％,the blood stations that did not have the indoor quality control accounted for 79.49％,and only 35.90％participated the external quality assessment.Regarding the approaches to confirm the positive result,25.64％of the blood stations adopted the re-peated tests,and 15.38％adopted the combination with positive culture bottle.The shortage of fund was the ma-jor restricted factor for the sterility test,and the confirmation of positive result was the fundamental difficulty.The blood stations with the feedback of insufficient transfusion reactions reported from hospitals ac-counted for 53.85％,while the blood stations that encountered suspected bacterial transfusion reactions with nega-tive culture results accounted for 25.64％.CONCLUSIONS The infeciton control and prevention measures and the construction of quality control laboratory vary significantly in Chinese blood stations.The incomplete biosafety registration,non-standardized sterility test operation and weak surveillance of blood transfusion reactions are the major existing problems.It is suggested that the investment should be increased to push forward the standardi-zation and complete the laboratory biosafety system,and a hospital-blood station closed loop coordination mecha-nism should be established so as to raise the blood safety.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of domestically produced magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) for gastroesophageal reflux disease.Method:This study is a prospective cohort study. Patients with typical heartburn and reflux symptoms (at least partial response to proton pump inhibitors), abnormal esophageal acid exposure and normal esophageal peristalsis were included, prospectively in the Department of Gastroesophageal Surgery, Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center from June 2019 to September 2022. Patients with hiatal hernia >2 cm and severe esophagitis were excluded. The MSA was wrapped around the distal esophagus after esophageal hiatus repair by laparoscopy. A postoperative questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the relief of symptom, complications, the discontinuation rate of proton pump inhibitor, and surgical satisfaction. Gastroscopy, high-resolution esophageal pressure measurement, and pH value impedance monitoring were also reviewed. The pre- and postoperative rates were compared using the McNeinar χ2 test. Result:Currently, 23 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease were enrolled and underwent MSA surgery. There were 20 males and 3 females, aged ( M (IQR)) 48 (14) years (range: 25 to 64 years). All cases were successfully implanted with MSA. Subjective indicators were followed for 17 (18) months (range: 14 to 53 months), while objective indicators were followed for 17 (1) months (range: 12 to 23 months). The postoperative gastrointestinal and extraesophageal symptom scores showed a significant decrease compared to preoperative levels as follows: the degree of subjective relief of overall digestive symptoms was 90 (20)% (range:0~100%), the degree of subjective relief of overall respiratory symptoms was 100(10)% (range: 10%~100%), the overall satisfaction rate was 83% (19/23), the proton pump inhibitor discontinuation rate was 70% (16/23). The proportion of esophagitis has decreased from 44% (10/23) to 9% (2/23) ( κ=0.169, P=0.039), The Hill grade of gastroesophageal valve morphology improved from 1 case of grade Ⅰ, 5 cases of grade Ⅱ, 10 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 7 cases of grade Ⅲ preoperative to 22, 1, 0, and 0 cases postoperative. The proportion of lower esophageal sphincter pressure below normal has decreased from 70% (16/23) to 35% (8/23) ( κ=0.170, P=0.012). There were 21 patients who restored normal esophageal acid exposure. Eleven patients had mild long-term dysphagia, but it didn′t affect their daily life. No postoperative device migration, erosion, or secondary surgical removal occurred. Conclusions:Laparoscopic implantation of the MSA device was safe and well tolerated. It can effectively control the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease, reduce medication, restore normal cardia morphology and function, and esophageal acid exposure. The main postoperative complication was dysphagia, but it was relatively mild.

Objective:To explore the long-term efficacy of laparoscopic fundoplication for proton pump inhibitor dependent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Method:Clinical data of proton pump inhibitor dependent GERD patients who underwent fundoplication at the Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center from Jan to Jun 2012 were analyzed, including GERD symptom score, subjective symptom relief rate, PPI discontinuation rate and surgical satisfaction, as well as recurrence and complications.Result:A total of 160 GERD patients were included in this study, with 64% of patients having respiratory symptoms. Nissen and Toupet fundoplication were performed in 43 and 117 cases, respectively, with a follow-up time of (127±3) months. The postoperative GERD symptom scores of the patients were significantly lower than before treatment (all P<0.001); The subjective relief of overall symptoms in the digestive tract and airway problem was 90% (80%, 100%) and 100%, respectively. The PPI discontinuation rate was 86%, and the overall satisfaction rate of the treatment was 92%, and the satisfaction rate of patients with respiratory symptoms was 89%. 7% of patients experienced varying degrees of symptomatic recurrence, 4% of patients re-underwent endoscopic treatment and/or laparoscopic fundoplication due to symptom recurrence. The incidence of long-term postoperative dysphagia, bloating, belching, increased exhaust, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and constipation were 11.3%, 16.9%, 0, 1.3%, 0, 2.5%, and 5.6%, respectively. Conclusions:Laparoscopic fundoplication has good long-term efficacy in the treatment of GERD. A small number of patients may experience postoperative recurrence, as well as complications such as dysphagia and gas-bloat syndrome. Most recurrent patients can achieve good therapeutic effect by redoing endoscopic treatment or redoing surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of domestically produced magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) for gastroesophageal reflux disease.Method:This study is a prospective cohort study. Patients with typical heartburn and reflux symptoms (at least partial response to proton pump inhibitors), abnormal esophageal acid exposure and normal esophageal peristalsis were included, prospectively in the Department of Gastroesophageal Surgery, Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center from June 2019 to September 2022. Patients with hiatal hernia >2 cm and severe esophagitis were excluded. The MSA was wrapped around the distal esophagus after esophageal hiatus repair by laparoscopy. A postoperative questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the relief of symptom, complications, the discontinuation rate of proton pump inhibitor, and surgical satisfaction. Gastroscopy, high-resolution esophageal pressure measurement, and pH value impedance monitoring were also reviewed. The pre- and postoperative rates were compared using the McNeinar χ2 test. Result:Currently, 23 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease were enrolled and underwent MSA surgery. There were 20 males and 3 females, aged ( M (IQR)) 48 (14) years (range: 25 to 64 years). All cases were successfully implanted with MSA. Subjective indicators were followed for 17 (18) months (range: 14 to 53 months), while objective indicators were followed for 17 (1) months (range: 12 to 23 months). The postoperative gastrointestinal and extraesophageal symptom scores showed a significant decrease compared to preoperative levels as follows: the degree of subjective relief of overall digestive symptoms was 90 (20)% (range:0~100%), the degree of subjective relief of overall respiratory symptoms was 100(10)% (range: 10%~100%), the overall satisfaction rate was 83% (19/23), the proton pump inhibitor discontinuation rate was 70% (16/23). The proportion of esophagitis has decreased from 44% (10/23) to 9% (2/23) ( κ=0.169, P=0.039), The Hill grade of gastroesophageal valve morphology improved from 1 case of grade Ⅰ, 5 cases of grade Ⅱ, 10 cases of grade Ⅲ, and 7 cases of grade Ⅲ preoperative to 22, 1, 0, and 0 cases postoperative. The proportion of lower esophageal sphincter pressure below normal has decreased from 70% (16/23) to 35% (8/23) ( κ=0.170, P=0.012). There were 21 patients who restored normal esophageal acid exposure. Eleven patients had mild long-term dysphagia, but it didn′t affect their daily life. No postoperative device migration, erosion, or secondary surgical removal occurred. Conclusions:Laparoscopic implantation of the MSA device was safe and well tolerated. It can effectively control the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease, reduce medication, restore normal cardia morphology and function, and esophageal acid exposure. The main postoperative complication was dysphagia, but it was relatively mild.

Objective:To understand the current antiviral treatment status and various clinical types of treatment plans in Xiamen City so as to explore ways to improve and optimize the diagnosis and treatment standards for chronic hepatitis B.Methods:A cross-sectional survey method was used to study the antiviral treatment status and treatment plans for chronic hepatitis B patients who visited and were diagnosed in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology of all tertiary hospitals in Xiamen City at 0:00~23:59 on May 25, 2022.Results:A total of 665 cases were surveyed in this study, with an antiviral treatment rate of 81.2%(540/665). The antiviral treatment rate of patients who accorded with the current guidelines for antiviral treatment indications was 85.8%(507/591). The antiviral treatment rate for 362 outpatients was 72.9%(264/362). Among them, the antiviral treatment rates were 80.1%, 89.3%, and 25.0%(226/282, 25/28, 13/52), respectively, for patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis B, hepatitis B cirrhosis, and hepatitis B surface antigen-carrying status. The treatment plan for all outpatient patients was mainly oral nucleos(t)ide analogues, accounting for 59.1%(214/362). The antiviral treatment rate for 303 inpatients was 91.1%(276/303). The various clinical types of antiviral therapy rates among all patients were 70%~95%. The antiviral treatment plan for inpatients was mainly based on pegylated interferon alpha treatment, accounting for 72.6%(220/303).Conclusion:Antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B in Xiamen City can still be strengthened to meet the current demand for expanding antiviral treatment indications. Antiviral treatment rates and various types of treatment plans differ between outpatients and inpatients; thus, further awareness and acceptance of the goal of improving antiviral therapy, especially in outpatients, and the possibility for a clinical cure based on pegylated interferon alpha treatment are needed to maximize the benefit to more patients.

Objective:To observe the changes of corneal curvature and ocular surface after congenital ptosis.Methods:A total of 188 patients with congenital blepharoptosis were treated with frontal muscle flap suspension, levator eyelid muscle shortening and fixation, and levator aponeurosis according to different conditions. The postoperative correction effect, corneal curvature, and ocular surface changes were observed.Results:There was no significant difference in the good correction rate among the three methods ( P>0.05). The corneal curvature at 3 months after operation was lower than that before operation and 7 days after operation ( P<0.05). The fluorescein staining score at 7 days after operation was higher than that before operation and 3 months after operation ( F=2 910.05, P<0.05). The tear film rupture time at 7 days after operation was significantly shorter than that before operation and 3 months after operation ( F=758.12, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in tear secretion test before operation, 7 days after operation and 3 months after operation ( P>0.05). The conjunctival congestion score at 3 months after operation was lower than that at 7 days after operation, and the incidence of meibomian gland dysfunction and abnormal eyelash angle at 3 months after operation was lower than that at 7 days after operation ( t=113.56, χ 2=11.02, 11.46, P<0.05). 3 months after operation, the average diopters of 3 mm and 5 mm were higher than those before operation ( t=12.35, 15.19, P<0.05). Conclusions:Frontal muscle suspension, levator eyelid muscle shortening and fixation, and levator aponeurosis are effective in treating congenital blepharoptosis, and can effectively improve the ocular surface and corneal curvature. Clinically, the appropriate one can be selected according to the condition of the child correction method.

Objective:To analyze the difference and clinical significance of reflux related parameters between patients with reflux asthma (RA) and typical gastroesophageal reflux disease (TGERD).Methods:From June 2017 to June 2020, at PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, the clinical data of 120 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who underwent gastroscopy, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) and 24 h pH-impedance monitoring contemporaneously were retrospectively analyzed. The GERD patients were divided into RA group and TGERD group according to the symptom correlated indexes, 60 cases in each group. The reflux related indexes of two groups were compared, which included reflux esophagitis (RE) score, esophageal hiatal hernia, Hill grade score of gastroesophageal flap valve, upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure, DeMeester score, and reflux episodes. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Results:There were no significant differences in RE score and Hill grade score between TGERD group and RA group (0.0, 0.0 to 1.0 vs. 0.0, 0.0 to 1.8; 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0 vs. 3.0, 2.0 to 3.0) (both P>0.05). The detection rate of UES pressure less than 34 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) of RA group was higher than that of TGERD group (41.7%, 25/60 vs. 23.3%, 14/60), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.596, P=0.032). The UES pressure of RA group was lower than that of TGERD group (51.7 mmHg, 23.6 mmHg to 70.1 mmHg vs. 62.0 mmHg, 37.4 mmHg to 77.4 mmHg), and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.105, P=0.035). There were no significant differences in other parameters of HREM between TGERD group and RA group (all P>0.05). The detection rates of DeMeester score more than 14.7, acid exposure time more than 4.5% and total reflux episodes more than 73 episodes of RA group were all higher than those of TGERD group (41.7%, 25/60 vs. 23.3%, 14/60; 40.0%, 24/60 vs. 21.7%, 13/60; 38.3%, 23/60 vs. 20.0%, 12/60, respectively), and the differences were all statistically significant ( χ2=5.546, 4.728 and 4.881, all P<0.05). The total reflux episodes and weak acid gas reflux episodes of RA group were both higher than those of TGERD group (60 episodes, 43 episodes to 98 episodes vs. 52 episodes, 34 episodes to 69 episodes; 12 episodes, 6 episodes to 21 episodes vs. 9 episodes, 3 episodes to 14 episodes), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-2.323 and -2.053, both P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other parameters of 24 h pH-impedance monitoring between TGERD group and RA group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Low UES pressure, abnormal esophageal acid exposure and increased reflux episodes, especially weak acid gas reflux episodes, may be more likely to induce RA.

Objective To test the value of miRNA-30c(miR-30c)in early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods Serum miR-30c expression levels were detected by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 80 patients with advanced gastric cancer, 35 patients with early stage gastric cancer and 35 healthy controls in the Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from August 2014 to August 2017. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed to test the efficacy of the miR-30c in distinguishing advanced gastric cancer, early stage gastric cancer and healthy controls. Results The expression level of serum miR-30c in advanced gastric cancer (0.45±0.11) was lower than that in early stage gastric cancer (0.54±0.15) (t = 5.2, P < 0.05). Compared with the healthy controls (0.61±0.12), miR-30c was down-expressed in the serum of early stage gastric cancer patients(t=6.7,P<0.05).Compared with the traditional tumor markers,the AUC of miR-30c was the biggest (0.92±0.03) in early stage and advanced gastric cancer groups, and the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were 90 % and 84 %, respectively. The AUC of miR-30c was 0.87±0.04 in early stage gastric cancer and healthy controls, and the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of gastric cancer were 70 % and 86 %, respectively. Conclusion miR-30c might be used as a potential serum biomarker for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) can differentiate into insulin-producing cellsafter induced by chemical drugs or co-culture methods, but insulin secretion is extremely low. Therefore, to inducemature pancreatic beta cell differentiation from stem cells by adenovirus transfection of specific genes involved in thedevelopment of pancreas is a research hotspot in recent years.OBJECTIVE: To study the differentiation potential of HUMSCs into insulin-producing cells after transfection withmusculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homologue A (MafA).METHODS: Ad-MafA-EGFP was transferred into passage 3 HUMSCs. After 7 days of induction, changes of cellmorphology were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope. Expression of pancreatic cell-specific genes(glucagon, PDX1, Nkx2.2) was detected by PCR technique.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After Ad-MafA-EGFP transfection, no significant morphological changes were observedin the HUMSCs under inverted phase contrast microscope. It was confirmed by fluorescence microscope thatAd-MafA-EGFP was transferred into the HUMSCs. After induction, the expression of human pancreatic precursorcell-related genes, including glucagon, PDX1 and Nkx2.2, was increased as detected by PCR. To conclude, thesefindings could provide experimental evidence for further differentiation and maturation of pancreatic β cells fromHUMSCs.