Objective: To apply network analysis for exploring the relationship of maltreatment experiences and peer relationships with school bullying among middle school students, so as to provide empirical evidences for the development of targeted intervention programs. Methods: From March to April 2024, a total of 2 119 middle school students aged 12-18 in Shantou City were selected through stratified cluster random sampling. Self administered questionnaire was used to collect data on bullying experiences, maltreatment, and peer relationships. The Glasso network model was employed to estimate network structure. Results: The strongest edge in the network of maltreatment experiences, peer relationships and school bullying was the connecting line connecting peer acceptance and peer terrorized low self esteem (edge weight=0.59) among middle school students. The network faked fraudulent victimization was the most central node in the whole network (strength=7.98). The bridge symptoms of the network were sexual abuse, property bullying of others, relational bullying victimization, and verbal bullying of others, with the strongest bridge node being sexual abuse (bridge strength=1.07). In the accuracy estimation of centrality indices, closeness centrality demonstrated the highest accuracy, followed by strength and betweenness, with coefficient of stability of 0.60, 0.44 and 0.21, respectively. The stability of the network was good. Conclusion Peer acceptance has the strongest correlation with peer fear and inferiority, and is closely related to emotional abuse and emotional neglect.

Objective:To analyze the mutation types and distribution characteristics of thalassemia gene among high-risk populations in Sanya City, and to evaluate the effectiveness of blood routine screening, in order to provide scientific basis for formulating measures for prevention and control of thalassemia in Sanya City.Methods:Retrospective analysis was used to collect detection results and clinical data from high-risk individuals who completed genetic screening for thalassemia at Sanya Materal and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to August 2021. Mutation types and distribution characteristics of thalassemia gene were analyzed, and the missed detection rate and sensitivity of blood routine indicators [mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH)] were evaluated based on the results of genetic screening for thalassemia.Results:A total of 5 760 high-risk individuals were included in the screening results of thalassemia genes, and 3 868 samples of thalassemia gene mutations were detected, with a detection rate of 67.15%. Among them, there were 2 979 samples with α-thalassemia genetic mutations, with a detection rate of 51.72%; including 2 966 common genotype samples (99.56%), the main genotype was αα/-α 3.7 (20.14%, 600/2 979); 13 rare genotype samples (0.44%), 4 cases of αα/-- THAI, 3 cases of α CD40(AAG>AA-)α/αα, 2 cases of α PPα/αα, and 1 case of Fusion gene/αα, Fusion gene/α WSα, α WSα/α PPα, and α CD40(AAG>AA-)α/α WSα each. There were 340 samples with β-thalassemia gene mutations, with a detection rate of 5.90%; including 336 common genotype samples (98.82%). The β CD41/42/β N genotype was dominant (57.65%, 196/340); 4 rare genotype samples (1.18%), β CD5(-CT)/β N, β IVS-Ⅱ-2(-T)/β N, β IVS-Ⅱ-761(-T)/β N and β Initiation(ATG>AGG)/β N 1 case each. There were 549 samples of αβ-compound type thalassemia, with a detection rate of 9.53%. The α missing recombination β CD41/42 genotype was dominant (61.02%, 335/549). There were a total of 4 226 samples that could be traced back to MCV and MCH. Among them, 3 007 samples were found to have mutations in thalassemia genes through screening, 2 584 cases were found to have abnormalities in the combination of MCV and MCH indicators, and 423 samples were missed in blood routine screening, with a missed detection rate of 14.07% (423/3 007). The missed samples were mainly α static type, accounting for 89.13% (377/423) of the total missed samples. The screening sensitivity of MCV combined with MCH for α-, β- and αβ-compound type thalassemia was 82.65%, 98.07% and 98.15%, respectively. Conclusion:The types of genetic mutations in thalassemia in Sanya City are complex and diverse, and there are certain omissions in the blood routine screening of MCV combined with MCH.

Objective:To investigate the effects of continuous substaneous insulin infusion (CSII) on islet β cell function in newly diagnosed diabetic patients.Methods:Forty-six newly diagnosed diabetic patients who received treatment in Taishan People's Hospital from July 2011 to June 2014 were included in this study. They were treated with CSII for 14 days and followed up for 5 years. Before and after treatment, fasting blood glucose (FPG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), triglyceride (TG), fasting insulin (FINS), 2-h postprandial insulin (2hINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, Homeostasis Model Assessment for beta-cell function (HOMA-β) index were compared between before treatment and 5 years after treatment.Results:Five years after treatment, the levels of FPG, 2hPG, TG, HbA1c, MDA and HOMA-IR were lower than those before treatment [FPG: (11.3 ± 1.2) mmol/L vs. (5.9 ± 0.4) mmol/L, t = 15.35, P < 0.01; 2hPG: (18.1 ± 4.2) mmol/L vs. (8.1 ± 1.6) mmol/L, t = 16.83, P < 0.01; TG: (2.9 ± 1.1) mmol/L vs. (1.5 ± 0.6) mmol/L, t = 9.81, P < 0.01; HbA1c: (11.2 ± 2.5)% vs. (5.6 ± 1.0)%, t = 11.48, P < 0.01; MDA: (4.6 ± 1.2) μmol/L vs. (2.7 ± 0.9) μmmol/L, t = 16.37, P < 0.01; HOMA-IR: (2.81 ± 0.35) vs. (1.87 ± 0.32), t = 9.37, P < 0.01]. Five years after treatment, the levels of FINS, 2hINS, SOD and HOMA-β were significantly higher than those before treatment [FINS: (5.6 ± 1.3) mU/L vs. (7.4 ± 1.5) mU/L, t = - 6.15, P < 0.01; 2hINS: (15.8 ± 7.5) mU/L vs. (25.8 ± 9.1) mU/L, t = - 5.65, P < 0.01; SOD: (28.9 ± 7.6) U/L vs. (39.6 ± 7.8) U/L, t = - 7.93, P < 0.01; HOMA-β: (14.36 ± 3.82) vs. (65.67 ± 6.67), t = - 18.72, P < 0.01]. Linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-β was positively correlated with SOD level ( R2 = 0.319, P < 0.01). Five years after treatment, the final outcome was insulin therapy in 3 cases (6.5%), oral medication in 25 cases (54.4%), and lifestyle intervention in 18 cases (39.1%). Conclusion:CS II for the treatment of newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus can effectively inhibit oxidative stress, improve the function of islet β cells, and exhibit long-term effects.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of methimazole combined with selenium therapy in the treatment of hyperthyroidism .Methods 130 cases with hyperthyroidism were selected , and according to the digital table they were randomly divided into methimazole plus selenium treatment group ( ATD +Se group ) and methimazole treatment group(ATD group),65 cases in each group.The patients were followed up for 3 months.The thyroid function index and thyroid antibody index were observed before and after treatment .The adverse reactions were observed,too.Results After treatment,the serum levels of FT3,FT4,TSH in the ATD +Se group were (3.32 ± 0.53)pg/mL,(1.02 ±0.17)ng/dL,(2.72 ±0.32)mIU/L,respectively,which in the ATD group were (4.82 ± 0.75)pg/mL,(2.41 ±0.32)ng/dL,(2.72 ±0.32)mIU/L,respectively.The change ranges of the ATD +Se group were better than those of the ATD group ,the differences were statistically significant (t=4.591,3.814,3.567,all P<0.05).The TPOAb,TGAb,TRAb in the ATD+Se group were (120.3 ±23.1) IU/mL,(123.3 ±26.5) IU/mL, (1.72 ±0.89)IU/mL,respectively,which in the ATD group were (132.8 ±21.1)IU/mL,(134.8 ±21.3)IU/mL, (3.68 ±1.06)IU/mL,respectively.The changes of the ATD+Se group were more significant than those of the ATD group,the differences were statistically significant (t=4.291,3.514,3.767,all P<0.05 ).The total effective rate of the ATD+Se group was higher than that of the ATD group (90.77％vs.76.92％χ2 =13.147,P<0.05 ).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the ATD +Se group was lower than that in the ATD group (12.31％vs.27.69％χ2 =18.685,P<0.05 ).Conclusion The results suggest that methimazole combined with selenium treatment is effective and safe for hyperthyroidism .

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a kind of immune mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system manifesting with optic neuritis and acute transverse myelitis,which takes a relapsing or progression course.The exact etiology and pathogenesis are not clear.There are a lot of researches on immune pathogenesis;in addition,the pathogenesis also involves genetic,environmental,oxidative stress and other factors.

Objective To observe the influence of epalrestat combined with insulin therapy on islet beta cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.Methods 45 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were randomly treated with 4 times of subcutaneous insulin therapy(RI group) or epalrestat plus 4 times of subcutaneous insulin therapy(RI + EP group).Patients were followed up for 3 months.The fasting blood-glucose (FPG),the 2 hour postprandial blood glucose (2 h PG),fasting insulin (FINS),the 2 hour postprandial blood insulin (2 h INS),glycated hemoglobin (HbA1 C),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and insulin release index(HOMA-β) were observed at 3th month after the initiation of therapy.Results Follow-up evaluation of 22 cases in RI group,23 cases in group RI + EP were completed 3 months of treatment.After treatment,FPG,2 h PG,HbA1 C,MDA and HOMA-IR in the two groups were decreased than those before treatment,the serum FINS,2 h INS,SOD and HOMA-β were higher than those before treatment,the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜0.05).After treatment,FINS,2 h INS,SOD and HOMA-β of RI + EP group were higher than those in RI group,MDA was lower than that of RI group,the differences were statistically significant (t =3.228,2.536,3.021,2.343,2.122,all P ＜ 0.05).FPG,2 h PG,HbA1 C,HOMA-IR between the two groups had no significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05).Linear regression analysis showed that HOMA-β was positively correlated with SOD level (r =0.888,r2 =0.783,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The results suggest that epalrestat combined with insulin therapy can inhibit oxidative stress,and improve islet beta cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients,and its clinical effect is better than monotherapy with insulin.

To investigate whether there is mutation in DC-SIGN promoter region in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and healthy persons previously infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and to explore the relationship between the mutation in dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhension molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) promoter region and HBV.Methods The studied population was composed of two cohorts:47 CHB patients and 20 healthy persons previously infected with HBV.The mutation in DC-SIGN promoter region was detected with PCR,single-stranded conformational polymorphism and heteroduplex analysis,cloning,sequencing and aligning the published DC-SIGN promoter sequence.Results The characteristic mutation within DCSIGN promoter region in HBV infected individuals was observed.In the DC-SIGN promoter region,4 hot spot mutations located in positions - 139,- 142,- 222,and - 336 were observed in the CHB patients,but only 1 spot mutation located in position - 139 was observed in the healthy persons previously infected with HBV.The -336C which was absent in the healthy persons previously infected with HBV was shown in 11 CHB patients (23.40％).The - 139T was far more frequent in the healthy persons previously infected with HBV ( 100％ ) than in the CHB patients (34.04％).Conclusion In the DC-SIGN promoter region,-336C may be a genetic risk factor for developing CHB,but -139T may be associated with protection against HBV.

Objective To explore the endogenesis metabolizer character of kidney-yang insufficiency syndrome model rats caused by hydrocortisoni natrii succinas with metabolomics technology. Methods Twenty four Sprague-Dawley(SD)male rats were divided randomly into a normal group, a kidney-yang insufficiency model group, and a oral administration group, eight rats in each group. After producing kidney-yang insufficiency model by injecting hydrocortisoni natrii succinas intramuscularly, oral administration group rats were administered orally with white prepared lateral root of aconite every day for two weeks. After twenty-four hour the last oral administration, the blood plasm were prepared and used for testing endogenesis metabolism with the liquid phase color spectrum-mass spectra (LC/MS) metabolomics technology. Results Apices shape change of lysophosphatidyl choline (LPC) and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine(LPE) and 468.4m/z unbeknown chemical compound of normal rats were distinct from those of model rats. Above-mentioned chemical compound as chief material symbols of kidney-yang insufficiency syndrome might be farther studied. Conclusion Finding out differential symbol from endogenesis metabolizer with metabolomics technology was redounded to deep exploring the biology essence of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.

Objective To investigate the association among oligospermatism,azoospermatism in male sterility patients and micro-deletion in AZF gene of Y chromosome and to establish a integrate clinical diagnostic method for screening micro-deletion in AZF gene in Chinese.Methods PCR method was used to detect micro-deletion in AZF gene in 62 oligospermatism and azoospermatism patients and 20 normal male controls.Results 13.64%(6/44) of oligospermatism patients and 22.22%(4/18) of azoospermatism patients presented micro-deletion.However,micro-deletion was not found in 20 normal male controls.Furthermore,micro-deletion occur mostly in AZFc region.Conclusion Micro-deletion of AZF gene from Y chromosome is one of the major risks for oligospermatism and azoospermatism.

Objective To evaluate the effect of percutaneous stenting for renal artery stenosis. Methods Stent implantation was conducted in 27 patients(Interventional Group) with renal artery stenosis from January 1997 to December 2004 in this hospital.Patients' blood pressure,renal functions,and quality of life were recorded and compared with another group of 27 patients receiving medical treatment(Medical Group) during this time. Results The procedure of renal artery stenting was superior to the medical treatment in antihypertensive effect,renal function improvement,raise of life quality,and increase of survival rate.The procedure offered a high success rate(88.9%,24/27) and low re-stenosis rate(12.5%,3/24) and an incidence of complications(18.5%,5/27).The Interventional Group was remarkably superior to the Medical Group with respect to the decrease of blood pressure and creatinine and the increase of glomerular filtration rate,with significant differences.Follow-ups for 6 months ~ 8 years and 6 months(median,1 year and 9 months) revealed that normal daily activities and works were achieved in 19 patients in the Interventional Group and in 12 patients in the Medical Group. Conclusions Percutaneous renal artery stenting in the treatment of renal artery stenosis is effective.