Objective To explore the role and mechanism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in remifentanil (REM) resistance to hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI). Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into sham surgery group, HIRI group, HIRI+REM group, HIRI+PGC-1α inhibitor SR-18292 (HIRI+SR-18292) group and HIRI+REM+SR-18292 group, 8 rats in each group. HIRI rat models were constructed using non-invasive arterial clip occlusion method, and REM or SR-18292 were intravenously injected before surgery. The liver function indicators and liver tissue adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels in the serum of rats were detected by assay kits. The activity levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅲ and Ⅳ (COX-Ⅲ, COX-Ⅳ) in rat liver tissue were assessed by colorimetric methods. The pathological changes in rat liver tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress-related indicators in rat liver tissue were measured using the fluorescent probe (DCFH-DA) method and colorimetric methods. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies and the expression levels of PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) messenger RNA (mRNA) in rat liver tissue were quantified by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). And the protein expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM in rat liver tissue were assessed by Western blotting. Results Compared with the sham group, rats in the HIRI group showed increased pathological scores and hepatic cell necrosis in liver tissue, elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum, and increased levels of ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue. Additionally, there was a decrease in ATP content and the activity levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), COX-Ⅲ and COX-Ⅳ in liver tissue, as well as a decrease in mtDNA copies and the expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM mRNA and protein (all P<0.05). Compared with the HIRI group, rats in the HIRI+REM group exhibited decreased pathological scores and hepatic cell necrosis, reduced levels of serum ALT and AST, and decreased levels of ROS and MDA in liver tissue. There was also an increase in ATP content and the activity levels of SOD, GSH-Px, COX-Ⅲ and COX-Ⅳ in liver tissue, as well as an increase in mtDNA copies and the expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM mRNA and protein (all P<0.05). In contrast, rats in the HIRI+SR-18292 group showed increased pathological scores and hepatic cell necrosis, elevated levels of serum ALT and AST, and increased levels of ROS and MDA in liver tissue. There was a decrease in ATP content and the activity levels of SOD, GSH-Px, COX-Ⅲ and COX-Ⅳ in liver tissue, as well as a decrease in mtDNA copies and the expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM mRNA and protein (all P<0.05). Compared with the HIRI+REM group, rats in the HIRI+REM+SR-18292 group had increased pathological scores and hepatic cell necrosis, elevated levels of serum ALT and AST, and increased levels of ROS and MDA in liver tissue. There was a decrease in ATP content and the activity levels of SOD, GSH-Px, COX-Ⅲ and COX-Ⅳ in liver tissue, as well as a decrease in mtDNA copies and the expression levels of PGC-1α, NRF-1 and TFAM mRNA and protein (all P<0.05). Conclusions PGC-1α plays a role in regulating the process of REM resistance to HIRI by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and reducing the levels of oxidative stress.

Mental health records have been well utilized in various industries or groups both within and outside the mili-tary.However,due to insufficient attention,lack of technology,and poor talent stability,the effectiveness of mental health re-cords is low.This article investigates psychological cadres during a major task to understand the current situation of the establish-ment and use of mental health records in the military.It finds that there is a phenomenon of"building but not flowing,storing but not using",and identifies issues such as inconsistent standards,poor circulation,insufficient content,and disordered manage-ment.Based on this,the article discusses the safeguards and basic content for the construction of mental health records.The dis-cussion concludes that mental health record content should include general information about officers and soldiers,the develop-ment of psychological services,records of psychological rehabilitation(including psychological measurement results,etc.),and other supplementary materials(such as physical health status,personal life history,etc.).It is necessary to standardize mental health measurement,mental health education,mental health training,psychological counseling interviews,psychiatric assess-ment,and psychiatric rehabilitation.Support must be provided in terms of systems,personnel,and technology,and a dynamic management and use mechanism and information security control responsibilities must be implemented.This will promote the or-derly development of military mental health work and,in turn,ensure the mental health of officers and soldiers.

Mental health records have been well utilized in various industries or groups both within and outside the mili-tary.However,due to insufficient attention,lack of technology,and poor talent stability,the effectiveness of mental health re-cords is low.This article investigates psychological cadres during a major task to understand the current situation of the establish-ment and use of mental health records in the military.It finds that there is a phenomenon of"building but not flowing,storing but not using",and identifies issues such as inconsistent standards,poor circulation,insufficient content,and disordered manage-ment.Based on this,the article discusses the safeguards and basic content for the construction of mental health records.The dis-cussion concludes that mental health record content should include general information about officers and soldiers,the develop-ment of psychological services,records of psychological rehabilitation(including psychological measurement results,etc.),and other supplementary materials(such as physical health status,personal life history,etc.).It is necessary to standardize mental health measurement,mental health education,mental health training,psychological counseling interviews,psychiatric assess-ment,and psychiatric rehabilitation.Support must be provided in terms of systems,personnel,and technology,and a dynamic management and use mechanism and information security control responsibilities must be implemented.This will promote the or-derly development of military mental health work and,in turn,ensure the mental health of officers and soldiers.

Objective To study the effect of leucine rich repeat kinase 2(LRRK2)on pain sensitivity in neuro-pathic pain(NP)rats and explore its possible mechanism.Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham surgery(Sham),model,LRRK2 inhibitor(MLi-2),and LRRK2 inhibitor+p3 8 mitogen activated pro-tein kinase(MAPK)agonist(MLi-2+Anisomycin),with 12 rats in each group.The NP rat model was induced by chronic constriction injury(CCI)of the sciatic nerve.Intrathecal injection of MLi-2(1 mg/kg,10 μl)or Anisomy-cin(20 μmol/L,10 μl)was started from the 8th day after surgery,once a day for 7 consecutive days.Pain sensi-tivity tests were conducted before surgery(day 0)and on postoperative days 7 and 14,respectively.The changes in mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)and paw withdraw thermal latency(PWTL)were analyzed in each group of rats.ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1 β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.Nissl staining was used to observe the pathological changes of neurons in rat spinal cord tissue.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1(Iba-1),a marker of microglia in the spinal cord of rats.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of LRRK2,p-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK),p38 MAPK,and Iba-1 in the dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.Results Compared with the sham group,the model group showed a significant decrease in MWT and PWTL in the right hind limb of rats(P＜0.01).The levels of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF in the spi-nal dorsal horn tissue,as well as the expression levels of LRRK2,Iba-1 proteins and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK pro-tein ratio significantly increased(P＜0.01).The proportion of Iba-1 positive cells in the spinal cord tissue signifi-cantly increased(P＜0.01),while Nissl bodies were significantly reduced(P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the MLi-2 group showed a significant increase in MWT and PWTL in the right hind limb of rats(P＜0.01),a significant increase in Nissl bodies(P＜0.01),a significant decrease in the proportion of Iba-1 positive cells in the spinal cord tissue(P＜0.01),and a significant decrease in the levels of IL-1,IL-6,and TNF and the expression levels of LRRK2,Iba-1 proteins and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK protein ratio(P＜0.01).However,Anisomychin in-tervention could activate the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and partially reverse the beneficial effects of MLi-2 on pain sensitivity and neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain.Conclusion Inhibiting the expression of LRRK2 can alleviate pain sensitivity in NP rats induced by microglia activation mediated neuroinflammation,and its mechanism of action may be related to regulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1)-NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)axis in the effect of remifentanil against ischemia-reperfusion injury(IRI)in rat livers.SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group(sham group),IRI group,IRI+remifentanil pretreatment group(IRI+RPC group),IRI+SIRT1 inhibitor EX-527 group(IRI+EX-527 group)and IRI+RPC+EX-527 group,with 8 rats in each group.The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 of rats in each group were detected.The liver tissue pathology was observed.The apoptosis rate of hepatocytes in rats was detected.The expressions of SIRT1,NLRP3,cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1(Cleaved Caspase-1)and Gasdermin D(GSDMD)proteins in rat liver tissue were detected.Results Compared with the sham group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI group were increased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+RPC group were decreased,the serum ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were decreased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was increased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were decreased;the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate of rats in the IRI+EX-527 group were increased,the ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 levels were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Compared with the IRI+RPC group,the liver tissue pathological score and hepatocyte apoptosis rate in the IRI+RPC+EX-527 group were increased,the levels of ALT,AST,LDH,IL-1β,and IL-18 were increased,the relative expression of SIRT1 protein in liver tissue was decreased,and the relative expression of NLRP3,Cleaved Caspase-1,and GSDMD proteins were increased(all P<0.05).Conclusions SIRT1 may participate in the regulation of remifentanil against rat liver IRI by inhibiting NLRP3 mediated cell pyroptosis.

Objective:In order to explore the impact of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)on the hospitalization of children with bronchiolitis and to improve clinicians′ understanding of the characteristics of bronchiolitis during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:This was a multicenter clinical study, and the data have been collected from 23 children′s medical centers in China.All the clinical data were retrospectively collected from children with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized at each study center from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.The results included gender, age at hospitalization, length of stay, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) test results, severity rating, ICU treatment, and the total number of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection during the same period.The clinical data of children with bronchiolitis in 2019 before COVID-19 epidemic and in 2020、2021 during COVID-19 epidemic were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:According to a summary of data provided by 23 children′s medical centers, there were 4 909 cases of bronchiolitis in 2019, 2 654 cases in 2020, and 3 500 cases in 2021.Compared with 2019, the number of bronchiolitis cases decreased by 45.94% in 2020 and 28.70% in 2021.In 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no significant differences in gender ratio, age, and duration of hospitalization.Compared with 2019, the ratio of bronchiolitis to the total number of hospitalizations for respiratory tract infection decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021( χ2=12.762, P<0.05; χ2=84.845, P<0.05).The proportion of moderate to severe bronchiolitis cases in both 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.054, P<0.05; χ2=8.109, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases requiring ICU treatment between 2019, 2020, and 2021 ( χ2=1.914, P>0.05).In 2019, a total of 52.60%(2 582/4 909) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and among them, there were 708 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.00%.In 2020, 54.14%(1 437/2 654) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 403 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.04%.In 2021, 66.80%(2 238/3 500) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 935 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 41.78%.Compared with 2019 and 2020, the RSV positive rate in 2021 showed a significant increase( χ2=99.673, P<0.05; χ2=71.292, P<0.05). Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures reduced the hospitalization rate and severity of bronchiolitis, but did not reduce the positive rate of RSV detection.

Objective:The aim of this study was to explore the associations of muscle size and density with handgrip strength(HGS)and the Timed Up and Go(TUG)test.Methods:Totally 301 participants living in the Xinjiekou community near Beijing Jishuitan Hospital were recruited for CT imaging of the hip and a 1-cm slice of the mid-thigh.The cross-sectional area and density of the gluteus maximus and the mid-thigh muscles were estimated by the Osirix viewer based on CT images.HGS and TUG were also performed in these subjects.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlations of muscle density and size with TUG and grip strength.Results:In women, after adjustment for age and BMI, the density of the gluteus maximus was negatively correlated with TUG( P trend=0.0366), while the size of the gluteus maximus and the mid-thigh muscles was not correlated with TUG.In men, the density or size of these muscles was not correlated with TUG.After adjustment for age and BMI, the density of the gluteus maximus was positively correlated with grip strength( P trend=0.0334)and the size of the mid-thigh muscles was also positively correlated with grip strength( P trend=0.0155)in men, but they were not correlated with grip strength in women. Conclusions:There were sex differences in the relationship between muscle size or density and grip strength or timed up and go.The density of the gluteus maximus is associated with muscle strength and physical performance while the size of the mid-thigh muscles is correlated with muscle strength.

Objective :To study influence of health management mode on poor living habits and incidence rate of relat—ed complications in aged patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods : Medical data of 259 aged CHD pa—tients in our hospital from Jan 2013 to Dec 2016 were collected .Health management mode was performed in our hospital since Jan 2015 ,therefore ,according to treatment time ,patients were divided into CHD control group (n＝114) and health management group (n＝ 140 ) ,both groups were intervened for continuous six months .Scores of self—rated abilities for health practices scale (SRAHP ) and Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ ) ,levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) ,blood pressure and blood lipids before and after intervention ,incidence of complications and mortality during follow—up were measured and assessed between two groups .Results :Compared with before interven—tion ,after six—month intervention , there were significant rise in each item score and total scores of SRAHP and SAQ ,and significant reductions in levels of FBG ,SBP ,DBP ,TC and TG in two groups , P＝0. 001 all.Compared with CHD control group after six—month intervention ,there were significant rise in each item score and total score of SRAHP [(82. 95 ± 18.24) scores vs .(91.91 ± 20.23) scores] ,each item score and total score of SAQ [(64. 90 ± 14. 29) scores vs .(72. 15 ± 15.87) scores] ,and significant reductions in levels of FBG [(5.51 ± 1.21) mmol／L vs. (5. 14 ± 1. 13)mmol／L] ,SBP[(121.07 ± 14.52) mmHg vs.(116. 72 ± 14. 01) mmHg] ,DBP [(80. 23 ± 9.63) mmHg vs.(77. 62 ± 9.31)mmHg] ,TC[(4. 31 ± 0.65)mmol／L vs.(4. 11 ± 0. 61) mmol／L] and TG[(1.45 ± 0. 21) mmol／L vs.(1. 39 ± 0.21)mmol／L] in health management group , P＜0. 05 or ＜0. 01. During follow—up ,incidence rates of recurrent angina pectoris (21.4% vs.35.3%) ,heart failure (2. 1% vs.7.6%) and myocardial infarction (3. 6%vs.10. 1%) in health management group were significantly lower than those of CHD control group , P＜0.05 all. Conclusion :Health management mode can enhance health behavior ,correct poor living habits ,stabilize blood glu—cose ,blood lipid and blood pressure ,and reduce incidence rate of related complications in aged CHD patients .

Objective To compare the incidences of skin ecchymosis,skin induration and pain degree occurring after subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin between two injection methods in order to determine the optimal subcutaneous injection method and provide the basis for standardizing the nursing process.Methods A total of 123 patients,who received subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin during the period from March 2016 to September 2016 at authors' department,were enrolled in this study.Self-contrast method was used to compare the results.Each patient received low molecular weight heparin with two different subcutaneous injection methods.On the left abdomen,used as the experimental side,slow injection of heparin,lasting for 10 s,was conducted,then,after the needle stayed there for 10s the needle was pulled out,and no compression was applied on the injection site.On the right abdomen,used as the control side,slow injection of heparin,lasting for 10 s,was carried out,and the needle was pulled out immediately after the injection was finished,then compression was applied on the injection site for 3 min.Two hours and 12 hours after injection,visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the degree of pain at injection site,and the incidences of skin ecchymosis and subcutaneous induration on the experimental side and the control side were documented.Results Two-hour and 12-hour VAS pain scores of the experimental group were (0.88±0.66) and (0.34±0.47) respectively,which were significantly lower than (2.02±0.65) and (1.19±0.63) of the control group (P＜0.05).The incidence of skin ecchymosis in the experimental group was 10.5％,which was strikingly lower than 23.5％ in the control group (t=2.736,P＜ 0.05).The incidence of subcutaneous induration in the experimental group was 0.04％,which was remarkably lower than 15.4％ in the control group (t=2.946,P＜0.05).Conclusion Slow injection of low molecular weight heparin,lasting for 10 s with needle staying for 10 s,and no use of compression after the needle is pulled out can decrease the incidence of skin ecchymosis and subcutaneous induration,and this injection method can reduce the pain degree as well.

Objective To investigate the value of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy ( ERAT) in the diagnosis and treatment of atypical acute appendicitis. Methods All the 48 patients suspected of atypical acute appendicitis in Jiangsu Province Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were randomly divided into ERAT group and conservative treatment group according to the treatment method. The final appendectomy rate of the two groups was analyzed. Results Only 17 of the 24 patients in the ERAT group received endoscopic treatment because of complex conditions or personal wishes, and 16 cases were diagnosed as acute appendicitis. Surgical resection was performed in 5 cases because of recurrence of the disease after ERAT, and the appendectomy rate was 31. 2％ ( 5/16 ) . In the conservative treatment group, all 24 patients were treated with antibiotics. Twenty of them underwent surgical resection with appendectomy rate of 83. 3％ ( 20/24) , and 1 of them had appendiceal perforation. The appendectomy rate of the ERAT group was significantly lower than that of the conservative treatment group (χ2=11. 111, P<0. 05) . Conclusion ERAT has a high diagnostic and therapeutic value for atypical acute appendicitis.