AIM To study the chemical constituents from n-butanol fraction of Corydalis impatiens(Pall.)Fisch.and their antioxidant activities.METHODS The n-butanol fraction was isolated and purified by silica gel,MCI,ODS,Sephadex LH-20 and semi-preparative HPLC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH method and tyrosinase method.RESULTS Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as nicotinamide(1),methyl L-pyroglutamate(2),bungeanoline F(3),monomethyl fumarate(4),5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(6),hydroxybenzoate(7),methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate(8),methyl ferulate(9),dimethylcaffeic acid(10),dimethyl feruloyl malate(11),(-)-4-O-feruloylquinic acid(12),syringaresinol(13)and(-)-loliolide(14).Compounds 1,8,11 and 13 showed strong antioxidant activites on DPPH free radicals,with IC50 values ranging from 54.47 to 97.4 μmol/L.Compound 13 had potential inhibitory effect on tyrosinase.CONCLUSION Compounds 4-14 are first isolated from Corydalis genus,and 3 is isolated from this plant for the first time.Compounds 1,8,11 and 13 have strong antioxidant activities.

Energy imbalance is eonsidered an important driver of human diseases. As an important energy sensor, AMPK plays a central role in maintaining energy homeostasis, making it a key target for disease prévention and treatment. As a new type of cell death, ferroptosis is related to the pathophysiologieal process of many diseases, and AMPK-related signaling pathway is an important way to regulate iron death. Understanding which pathway AMPK induces or inhibits ferroptosis will provide new ideas for the treatment of diseases in the future and provide new targets for new drug research. In this paper, we review the related litera-tures and explore the signaling pathways of AMPK regulating ferroptosis, wïth a brief description of the application of AMPK-mediated ferroptosis related signaling pathways in diseases, hoping to provide reference for later research.

Objective To investigate the cytotoxic effect mechanism of the unsaturated fatty acids on human cervical carcinoma of ME-180 cells.Methods The 2 × 108 cell · L-1 ME-180 cells were moved into the 96 hole culture plate,per hole 90 μL.Three concentrations of the drug groups:0.3,0.6,0.9 mg· L-1 unsaturated fatty acid (prepared with DMSO) per hole 90 μL.The 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) group:10mg · L-1 5-FU (prepared with phosphate buffer) per hole 10 μL.Control group:30 μL · L-1 DMSO per hole 10 μL.Each group set of four repeat hole,in saturated humidity condition of 37 ℃ and 5％ CO2 in 48 h.The inhibition rate and apoptosis rate of unsaturated fatty acids were detected with a trypan blue,thiazole blue (MTT),and flow cytometry method.Results When ME-180 cells were administered with the unsaturated fatty acids at the doses of 0.3,0.6,0.9 mg · L-1 for 48 h,ME -180 living cell count with the increase of drug concentration and action time is reduced.The cells proliferation inhibition rate were 43.35％,51.75％,66.45％ in three concentrations of the drug groups;apoptosis rate were 18.21％,23.11％,28.06％ in the three groups,respectively.Compared with the drug groups and the control group on the number of living cells,inhibition rate and apoptosis rate,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.01).Conclusion The unsaturated fatty acids has significant toxic effects on ME-180 cells.The toxic effect mechanism of the unsaturated fatty acids is related to inhibite proliferation on cell and induce-cell apoptosis.

The chemical constituents from lipophilic parts in the roots of Angelica dahurica cv. Yubaizhi were studied in this paper. The compounds were separated and purified by repeated column chromatographic methods on silica gel and HPLC, and the chemical structures of compounds were determined by spectral data analyses. Thirty-three compounds were obtained and identified as isoimperatorin (1), imperatorin (2), stigmasterol (3), isooxypeucedanin (4), pabulenol (5), psoralen (6), bergapten (7), isodemethylfuropinarine (8), phellopterin (9), osthenol (10), alloimperatorin (11), xanthotoxin (12), xanthotoxol (13), isopimpinellin (14), alloisoimperatorin (15), β-sitosterol (16), oxyalloimperatorin (17), pabularinone (18), 5-hydroxy-8-methoxypsoralen (19), columbianetin (20), heracol (21), isogosferol (22), 2″R-neobyakangelicol (23), byakangelicin ethoxide (24), byakangelicin (25), oxypeucedanin hydrate (26), uracil (27), umbelliferone (28), bergaptol (29), demethylfuropinarine (30), isobyakangelicol (31), oxypeucedanin ethanolate (32), heraclenol (33). Among them, compounds 8, 10, 17, 21, and 30 were obtained from the roots of title plant for the first time.

Objective To study the effects of maca extract on exercise endurance and blood hormone levels in the rats. Methods Wistar rats treated with maca extract (2. 0, 4. 0, 8. 0 g/kg body weight) were freely swimming in the cir-culating water flow daily for 15 days. On the 16th day of experiment, the exercise endurance and blood noradrenaline (NA), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) levels of the rats were determined. Results The rats administered with maca extract at the doses of 2. 0, 4. 0, 8. 0 g/kg body weight for 15 d showed that the swimming time before sinking was in-creased by 32. 51%, 60. 04%, 106. 52%, the total swimming time was extended by 16. 99%, 56. 50%, and 101. 73%respectively ( P<0. 01 ); while the number of sinking was decreased by 18. 89%, 35. 89%, and 58. 06%, respectively (P< 0. 01), compared with those swimming rats without maca extract treatment. The noradrenaline level in the blood of rats treated with maca extract 2. 0, 4. 0, 8. 0 g/kg body weight was increased by 3. 30%, 6. 60%, and 16. 50%, respec-tively, compared with the control group, and increased by 42. 49%,47. 05%, and 60. 70%, respectively, compared with the swimming rats without extract treatment;the E2 level was increased by 132. 83%,102. 72%, and 62. 26% (P<0. 01) respectively, compared with the control group, while decreased by 23. 88%, 33. 72%, and 46. 95% (P<0. 01) respec-tively, compared with the swimming rats without extract treatment. The blood testosterone level was increased by 5. 11%, 37. 65%, and 123. 16% (P<0. 01) respectively, compared with the control group, and increased by 28. 98%, 68. 92%, and 173. 85%, (P<0. 01) respectively, compared with the swimming rats without extract treatment. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that maca extract has effect to resist fatigue and enhance exercise capacity in rats. The mechanism is associated with reduced blood E2 , and increased noradrenaline and testosterone levels in the blood of rats.

Objective To study the electric shock protection requirements of in vitro diagnostic equipment and to help manufacturers understand the relevant requirements in order to design products reasonably. Methods The requirements of IEC 61010-1:2010 were analyzed, the electric shock protection measures were explored, and the principles for protecting ground impedance against electric shock were described. An example was taken to study the electric shock protection measures for the sampling needle of the automatic bio-chemical analyzer, so that the existence of electric shock hazard could be determined. Results The sampling needle proved its rationality in structure design by avoiding the risk for being electriferous in case of failed basic insulation, although the requirements for protective earthing, double insulation or reinforced insulation were not met efficiently. Conclusion The requirements for electric shock protection can be determined based on comprehensive understanding of the standard, determination of electriferous components of the equipment as well as analysis on electric shock protection measures.

Objective Analysis of 22 kinds of organic acid metabolites in urine samples of patients with myasthenia gravis, mitochondrial myopathy and of healthy controls was performed so to provide data and basis for clinical screening .Methods The principal component and the corresponding principal component equation were obtained , the physical and chemical significance of the principal component was explained .Results The cumulative contri-bution rate of the first five principal components reached 86.89%, was identified as the main component , then es-tablished the principal component function expression , and analyzed the relationship between the principal compo-nent and the original variable .It was found that the phenyl saturated acid might be a potential biomarker of the two diseases , and the hippuric acid was an early warning bio-marker of the two diseases .Conclusions Urine organic acid metabolic profile principal component analysis is helpful to find biomarker of disease and may support clinical diagnosis basis .

Objective To investigate the growth inhibition mechanism of octadecenoic acid on human gastric carcinoma transplanted tumor.Methods The cancer tissue was isolated from adult patients with gastric cancer and transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice.And SCID mice were treated with concentrations of 0.2,0.4,0.8 g · kg-1 octadecenoic acid,respectively.The SCID mice in control group treated with concentration of 100 mg · kg-1 fluorouracil(5-FU).The SCID mice in model group treated with equal amounts of rapeseed oil.The duration was 4 weeks.The cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP),tumor suppressor gene p53 (P53),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(P13K) levels in tumor tissue were detected by the method of enzyme linked irnmunosorbent assay.Results Compared to the model group,growth inhibition rate of transplantation tumor of human gastric cancer in low,middle,high experimental groups and control group were increased 26.52％,58.75％,67.80％ and 46.25％ respectively with significace(P ＜ 0.01);the cAMP levels were increased by 35.61％,74.93％,130.48％ and 54.98％ inthe four groups,respectively with significance also (P ＜ 0.01);the P53 and P13K levels were reduced by 57.22％,79.45％,95.71％,80.10％ and 33.11％,44.39％,97.42％,51.69％ respectively in the four groups with significance too(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Growth inhibition mechanism of octadecenoic acid on transplantation tumor of human gastric cancer,mainly related to elevated cAMP level within the tumor tissue,inhibit the activity of P53 and P13K signal pathway.

Objective To study the regulating action of unsaturated fatty acids on human gastric cancer cells protein kinase B (PKB/Akt)signaling pathways.Methods The gastric cancer tissue of adult patients with gastric cancer was isolated and transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice.Separation cells from gastric cancer transplanted tumor by digestive enzyme were cultured.They were divided into five groups:three doses experimental groups (unsaturated fatty acid 0.3,0.6,1.2 mg · L-1),control group (5-fluorouracil 10 mg · L-1),solvent control group (dimethyl sulfoxide 30 μL · L-1),cultivate 48 h after the treatment.The toxic effects of the unsaturated fatty acid on human gastric cancer cells were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl) -2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method.The levels of p21,murine double minute2 (MDM2),PKB/Akt in tumor cells were detected by the method of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared to the control group,the human gastric cancer cells proliferation inhibition rate in high,moderate,low,doses experimental groups were increased by 31.7％,55.51％,68.28％,respectively.The levels of p21 and MDM2 in that three groups were increased by 4.39％,80.12％,161.36％ and 19.81％,97.76％,207.35％,respectively.The level of PKB/Akt in that three groups was reduced by 13.31％,57.69％,78.71％,respectively.Conclusion The unsaturated fatty acids on human gastric cancer cells proliferation inhibition mainly related to elevated p21,MDM2 levels within the tumor cells,inhibit the activity of PKB/Akt signal pathway.

BACKGROUNDAtopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease characterized by chronic recurrent dermatitis with profound itching. Most patients have personal and/or family history of atopic diseases. Several criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis of AD. Although the clinical features of childhood AD have been widely studied, there has been less large-scale study on adult/adolescent AD. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features of adult/adolescent patients with chronic symmetrical eczema/AD and to propose Chinese diagnostic criteria for adult/adolescent AD.

METHODSA hospital-based study was performed. Forty-two dermatological centers participated in this study. Adult and adolescent patients (12 years and over) with chronic symmetrical eczema or AD were included in this study. Questionnaires were completed by both patients and investigators. The valid questionnaires were analyzed using EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 17.0 software.

RESULTSA total of 2662 valid questionnaires were collected (1369 male and 1293 female). Of all 2662 patients, 2062 (77.5%) patients had the disease after 12 years old, while only 600 (22.5%) patients had the disease before 12 years old, suggesting late-onset eczema/AD is common. Two thousand one hundred and thirty-nine (80.4%) patients had the disease for more than 6 months. One thousand one hundred and forty-four (43.0%) patients had a personal and/or family history of atopic diseases. One thousand five hundred and forty-eight (58.2%) patients had an elevated total serum IgE and/or eosinophilia and/or positive allergen-specific IgE. Based on these clinical and laboratory features, we proposed Chinese criteria for adult/adolescent AD. Of all 2662 patients, 60.3% were satisfied with our criteria, while only 48.2% satisfied with Hanifin Rajka criteria and 32.7% satisfied with Williams criteria, suggesting a good sensitivity of our criteria in adult/adolescent AD patients.

CONCLUSIONLate-onset of eczema or AD is common. The clinical manifestations of AD are heterogeneous. We have proposed Chinese diagnostic criteria for adolescent and adult AD, which are simple and sensitive for diagnosis of adult/adolescent AD.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; diagnosis ; immunology ; Eczema ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires