Objective:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has significant genetic susceptibility.Adipocytokines play a crucial role in NAFLD development by participating in insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.However,the association between adipocytokine pathway genes and NAFLD remains unclear.This study aims to explore the association of gene polymorphisms in the adipocytokine pathway and their interactions with NAFLD in obese children. Methods:A case-control study was conducted,dividing obese children into NAFLD and control groups.Peripheral venous blood(2 mL)was collected from each participant for DNA extraction.A total of 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)in the adipocytokine pathway were genotyped using multiplex PCR and high-throughput sequencing.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between SNP and NAFLD in obese children.Dominant models were used to analyze additive and multiplicative interactions via crossover analysis and Logistic regression.Generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction(GMDR)was used to detect gene-gene interactions among the 14 SNPs and their association with NAFLD in obese children. Results:A total of 1 022 children were included,with 511 in the NAFLD group and 511 in the control group.After adjusting for age,gender,and BMI,multivariate Logistic regression showed that PPARG rs1801282 was associated with NAFLD in the obese children in 3 genetic models:heterozygote model(CG vs CC,OR=0.58,95%CI 0.36 to 0.95,P=0.029),dominant model(GG+CG vs CC,OR=0.62,95%CI 0.38 to 1.00,P=0.049),and overdominant model(CC+GG vs CG,OR=1.72,95%CI 1.06 to 2.80,P=0.028).PRKAG2 rs12703159 was associated with NAFLD in 4 genetic models:heterozygous model(CT vs CC,OR=1.51,95%CI 1.10 to 2.07,P=0.011),dominant model(CT+TT vs CC,OR=1.50,95%CI 1.10 to 2.03,P=0.010),overdominant model(CC+TT vs CT,OR=0.67,95%CI 0.49 to 0.92,P=0.012),and additive model(CC vs CT vs TT,OR=1.40,95%CI 1.07 to 1.83,P=0.015).No significant multiplicative or additive interaction between PPARG rs1801282 and PRKAG2 rs12703159 was found in association with NAFLD.GMDR analysis,adjusted for age,gender,and BMI,revealed no statistically significant interactions among the 14 SNPs(all P>0.05). Conclusion:Mutations in PPARG rs1801282 and PRKAG2 rs12703159 are associated with NAFLD in obese children.However,no gene-gene interactions among the SNP are found to be associated with NAFLD in obese children.

Artificial vascular graft(AVG)fistula is widely used for hemodialysis treatment in patients with renal failure.However,it has poor elasticity and compliance,leading to stenosis and thrombosis.The ideal artificial blood vessel for dialysis should replicate the structure and components of a real artery,which is primarily maintained by collagen in the extracellular matrix(ECM)of arterial cells.Studies have revealed that in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-induced liver fibrosis,hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)become hyperactive and produce excessive ECM fibers.Furthermore,mechanical stimulation can encourage ECM secretion and remodeling of a fiber structure.Based on the above factors,we transfected HSCs with the hepatitis B viral X(HBX)gene for simulating the process of HBV infection.Subsequently,these HBX-HSCs were implanted into a polycaprolactone-polyurethane(PCL-PU)bilayer scaffold in which the inner layer is dense and the outer layer consists of pores,which was mechanically stimulated to promote the secretion of collagen nanofiber from the HBX-HSCs and to facilitate crosslinking with the scaffold.We obtained an ECM-PCL-PU composite bionic blood vessel that could act as access for dialysis after decellularization.Then,the vessel scaffold was implanted into a rabbit's neck arteriovenous fistula model.It exhibited strong tensile strength and smooth blood flow and formed autologous blood vessels in the rabbit's body.Our study demonstrates the use of human cells to create biomimetic dialysis blood vessels,providing a novel approach for creating clinical vascular access for dialysis.

Objective:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a common metabolic disorder in overweight and obese children,and its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear,lacking effective preventive and therapeutic measures.This study aims to explore the association between whole blood copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium and iron levels and NAFLD in overweight and obese children aged 6 to 17 years,providing a scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of early NAFLD in overweight and obese children. Methods:A cross-sectional study design was used to collect relevant data from overweight and obese children who visited the Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 through questionnaire surveys.Fasting blood samples were collected from the subjects,and various indicators such as blood glucose,blood lipid,and mineral elements were detected.All children were divided into an overweight group(n=400)and a NAFLD group(n=202).The NAFLD group was divided into 2 subgroups according to the ALT level:A non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFL)group and a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)group.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between minerals(copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,and iron)and NAFLD,NAFL and NASH. Results:A total of 602 subjects were included,of whom 73.6%were male,with a median age of 10(9,11)years,and a body mass index(BMI)of 24.9(22.7,27.4)kg/m2.The intergroup comparison results showed that compared with the overweight group,the NAFLD group had higher levels of age,BMI,diastolic blood pressure(DBP),systolic blood pressure(SBP),triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL),alanine transaminase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and lower level of high density lipoprotein(HDL).The NAFL group had higher levels of age,BMI,DBP,SBP,ALT,and AST,and lower levels of HDL compared with the overweight group.The levels of age,BMI,DBP,SBP,TG,LDL,ALT,and AST of NASH were higher than those in the overweight group,while the level of HDL was lower than that in overweight group(all P<0.017).After adjusting for a variety of confounders,the OR of NAFLD for the highest quantile of iron was 1.79(95%CI 1.07 to 3.00)compared to the lowest quantile,and no significant association was observed between copper,zinc,calcium,and magnesium,and NAFLD.The subgroup analysis of NAFLD showed that the OR for the highest quantile of iron in children with NAFL was 2.21(95%CI 1.26 to 3.88),while no significant association was observed between iron level and NASH.In addition,no significant associations were observed between copper,zinc,calcium,and magnesium levels and NAFL or NASH. Conclusion:High iron level increases the risk of NAFLD(more likely NAFL)in overweight and obese children,while copper,zinc,calcium,magnesium,and other elements are not associated with the risk of NAFLD in overweight and obese children.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the disease burden of prostate cancer (PC) and assess key influencing factors associated with the disease expenditures of PC in the United States. METHODS: The total deaths, incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life-years of PC were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey was used to estimate healthcare expenditures and productivity loss and to investigate patterns of payment and use of healthcare resources in the United States. A multivariable logistic regression model was conducted to identify key factors influencing expenditures. RESULTS: For patients aged 50 and older, the burden for all age groups showed a modest increase over the 6-year period. Annual medical expenditures were estimated to range from US$24.8 billion to US$39.2 billion from 2014 to 2019. The annual loss in productivity for patients was approximately US$1,200. The top 3 major components of medical costs were hospital inpatient stays, prescription medicines, and office-based visits. Medicare was the largest source of payments for survivors. In terms of drug consumption, genitourinary tract agents (57.0%) and antineoplastics (18.6%) were the main therapeutic drugs. High medical expenditures were positively associated with age (p=0.005), having private health insurance (p=0.016), more comorbidities, not currently smoking (p=0.001), and patient self-perception of fair/poor health status (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS From 2014 to 2019, the national real-world data of PC revealed that the disease burden in the United States continued to increase, which was partly related to patient characteristics.

Objective To investigate the changes of erythrocyte parameters and the value of differential diagnosis in pregnant women with β-mediterranean anemia.Methods A total of 300 pregnancy women from July 2014 to December 2015 in Center Hospital of Longgang were recruited in this study,100 pregnant women with β-mediterranean anemia in β-mediterranean anemia pregnancy group,100 healthy pregnant women in normal pregnancy group,100 pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia in iron deficiency anemia pregnancy group.Mean red cell volume(MCV),mean erythrocyte hemoglobin(MCH),reticulocyte percentage(Ret%) were detected and compared in the three groups.Results Compared with the normal pregnancy group and iron deficiency anemia pregnancy group,the MCV,MCH significantly reduced,and Ret% significantly rised in the β-mediterranean anemia pregnant group,the differences were significant(P<0.05).The best cut-off value of Ret% was 1.7% in differential diagnosis of β-mediterranean anemia pregnancy and iron deficiency anemia pregnancy,the sensitivity was 63.00%,the specificity was 74.00%,the area under of receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.841.The sensitivity of joint detection including MCV,MCH and Ret% in differential diagnosis of β-mediterranean anemia pregnancy and iron deficiency anemia pregnancy was 84.00%,the specificity was 90.00%.Conclusion MCV,MCH and Ret% in pregnancy women with β-mediterranean anemia changes significant compared with normal pregnancy group and iron deficiency anemia pregnancy group,the joint detection including MCV,MCH and Ret% could significantly improve the differential diagnosis of β-mediterranean anemia and iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy women.

Through analyzing the existing problems and relevant solutions of TCM decoction pieces management, this article expounded the construction of TCM coding system and its construction and application in the hospital information system, attempted to apply technological standards of TCM coding system to routine TCM standardized management work through the means of informatization. At the same time, it also described the basic situation in the construction of TCM coding management information system, and promoted specific ideas, operation methods, and current condition and prospects.

Objective:To explore the prognostic value of CysC and NT‐proBNP in patients with non‐ST elevation a‐cute coronary syndrome (NSTE‐ACS) .Methods :A total of 166 NSTE‐ACS patients hospitalized in our hospital from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012 were selected .They were followed up for 12 months ,then general data ,levels of CysC , NT‐proBNP ,hsCRP and cTnI etc .and incidence rate of MACE were recorded and measured .According to MACE occurrence during follow‐up or not ,156 cases were divided into non‐MACE group (n=137) and MACE group (n=19) ,risk factors for MACE in NSTE‐ACS patients were analyzed ,receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was performed ,and the optimal cutoffs of related indexes predicting MACE occurrence in these patients were analyzed . Results :Compared with non‐MACE group ,there were significant rise in age [ (60.26 ± 10.45) years vs .(64.16 ± 11.21) years] ,levels of CysC [ (1.02 ± 0.11) mg/L vs .(1.15 ± 0.12) mg/L] ,NT‐proBNP [ (251.97 ± 89.65) pg/ml vs .(347.93 ± 107.29) pg/ml] ,hsCRP [ (14.69 ± 3.53) mg/L vs .(17.13 ± 3.68) mg/L] and cTnI [ (0.36 ± 0.46) ng/ml vs .(0.90 ± 0.88) ng/ml] in MACE group ,P<0.05 or <0.01. Multi‐factor regression analysis indica‐ted that CysC ,NT‐proBNP and cTnI levels were independent predictors for MACE in NSTE‐ACS patients ( P<0.05 or <0.01) .ROC curves of CysC ,NT‐proBNP ,cTnI and hsCRP judging prognosis were drawn , only AUC of CysC and NT‐proBNP curves were >0.7 [CysC:0.784 ,95% CI:0.687~0.881 ;NT‐proBNP:0.753 ,95% CI :0.639~0.867] , and it′s analysis indicated that CysC=1.07 mg/L and NT‐proBNP=279.60 pg/ml were their optimal cutoff predicting MACE .Kaplan‐Meier survival curves with above two cutoffs as risk stratification cutoff indicated that survival time of high risk group was significantly shorter than that of low risk group (P<0.05) .Conclusion:Serum CysC and NT‐proBNP levels are independent predictors assessing prognosis in NSTE‐ACS patients .

Aim To investigate the influence of Ramu-lus mori polysaccharides ( RMP) on blood glucose and anti-oxidative effect in streptozotocin ( STZ )-induced diabetic mice .Methods Diabetic mice were induced by intraperitoneal injection with 120 mg? kg -1 STZ and were randomly divided into the following 5 groups with 20 animals per group: model group , valsartan group ( 20 mg? kg -1 ) , low-, medium-, high-dose (0.3,0.6,1.2 g? kg -1 ) of RMP groups.Other 20 normal mice were treated as normal control group .The mice were administered orally for 90 d.On 45 d of ad-ministration , the 24 h urine was collected through met-abolic cages for urine protein detection .Pathological changes of kidney tissues were observed through HE staining .The serum levels of urea nitrogen ( BUN) and creatinine ( Cr ) were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; and the manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), catalase(CAT), malonaldehyde(MDA) and mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅰ,Ⅲac-tivity of kidney tissues were also determined .ELISA method was used to detect ROS content in renal cortex . The SIRT1 , FOXO1 and NF-κB protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot .Results Compared with model group, the FBG, microalbuminuria, BUN and Cr were decreased by RMP medication ( P <0.05).The activities of Mn-SOD, CAT and mitochon-drial respiratory chain complex Ⅰ,Ⅲ in RMP groups were enhanced , while MDA and ROS levels were re-duced. Moreover, the expressions of SIRT1 and FOXO1 were up-regulated by RMP , the expression of NF-κB was down-regulated ( P<0.05) .Conclusion RMP exerts renal protective effect through up-regula-ting the expressions of SIRT1 and FOXO1 in renal cor-tex , which may relate to the improvement of anti-oxida-tive capability .

Objective To investigate the optimal workflow and protocol for integrated PET/MR by comparison with PET/CT.Methods A total of 228 patients were enrolled in this study for PET/CT and PET/MR evaluation on the same day.Six PET/MR protocols with different MR sequences but the same PET acquisition protocol were investigated and the optimal protocol was identified based on image quality,acquisition time and diagnostic performance.Results PET/MR workflow was similar to PET/CT,however,some special issues needed to be considered for PET/MR.Among the 6 protocols,protocol No.6 outperformed others for body and head regions.Types of artifacts were found more often in PET/MR than in PET/CT.Conclusions By optimizing the protocol,PET/MR could achieve almost the same diagnostic performance as PET/CT.However,the issues of long acquisition time and artifacts on PET/MR need to be further improved.

Objective To explore the serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with depression and their correlation with age,gender,age of onset,illness course,depressive severity.Methods Serum BDNF levels in 91 depressive patients and 36 healthy controls were assayed by the ELISA method .The clinical char-acteristics were assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression ( HAMD) .Results The serum BDNF levels in depressive patients were (24.38 ±6.27)μg/L,which was significantly lower than (31.44 ±10.72)μg/L in controls (t=3.708,P <0.01) and were unrelated to age,gender,age of onset,illness course,depressive severity (r =-0.034,t=0.068,r =-0.025,0.026, -0.076,P >0.05).Conclusion Serum BDNF levels in depressive patients was decreased and low levels of BDNF in serum may be a state characteristic for depression .