Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound in treating pulmonary nodules, providing evidence-based medical evidence for TCM intervention in pulmonary nodules. Methods Computer search of PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed was conducted to select randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of TCM compound intervention in pulmonary nodules, with the retrieval time from the inception to November 29, 2023. The Cochrane bias risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and Review Manager 5.4 was used for Meta-analysis. Results A total of 18 RCTs were included, covering 8 provinces across the country, with a total sample size of 1301 patients. The TCM compounds used in the included studies all incorporated the method of dissolving phlegm and dissipating nodules. There was a high risk of bias uncertainty in the included studies. Meta-analysis results suggested that TCM compound could significantly reduce the diameter of pulmonary nodules [MD=−1.41, 95%CI (−1.70, −1.13), P<0.001], decrease the number of nodules [MD=−0.37, 95%CI (−0.73, −0.01), P=0.05], alleviate clinical symptoms [MD=−4.84, 95%CI (−6.04, −3.64), P<0.001], and improve lung function [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), MD=0.55, 95%CI (0.09, 1.01), P=0.02; FEV1/forced vital capacity, MD=6.12, 95%CI (4.47, 7.78), P<0.001]. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the probability of malignancy between the experimental group and the control group [MD=−0.01, 95%CI (−0.01, 0.00), P=0.09]. Conclusion TCM compound can significantly reduce the diameter of pulmonary nodules, decrease the number of nodules, alleviate clinical symptoms, and improve lung function, but future multicenter, large-sample, high-quality RCTs are still needed to further explore and verify this conclusion.

Objective To explore the symptom prevalence in the patients with pulmonary nodules in Lingnan area and to investigate the influencing factors,thus to provide data support for the construction of differentiation and treatment system of symptoms-syndrome elements-syndromes-constitutions for patients with pulmonary nodules,and to promote the establishment of secondary prevention system of lung cancer with the in-depth participation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods A cross-sectional study was adopted to investigate patients with pulmonary nodules who admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine from August 2023 to January 2024.Data collection covered the basic information,clinical characteristics and symptoms of the patients.Likert four-level scale was used for the grading of the severity of the symptoms,multivariate linear regression was adopted to construct three regression models,and then the factors influencing the severity of symptoms of patients with pulmonary nodules were explored.Results(1)A total of 274 patients were enrolled in the analysis,including 160 females and 114 males,with a mean age of(54.44±12.00)years old and the symptom scores averaging(3.97±3.80)point.The included patients with pulmonary nodules were characterized by females outnumbering males,a higher proportion of middle-aged and elderly people,multiple pulmonary nodules being more common.(2)The analysis of the symptoms of the 274 patients showed that symptoms with an incidence over 30%were fatigue(116 cases,42.34%),cough(105 cases,38.32%),expectoration of white sputum(89 cases,32.48%),and irritability and distress(87 cases,31.75%).(3)Multivariate linear regression analysis after variable adjustment suggested that the overall symptomatic severity in the male was milder than that in the female[β=-1.67,95%CI(-2.67,-0.68),P<0.001],and symptom score was positively correlated with age[β=0.07,95%CI(0.03,0.10),P<0.001],history of exposure to secondhand smoke[β=1.27,95%CI(0.26,2.27),P=0.015],history of exposure to other hazardous substances[β=1.96,95%CI(0.39,3.53),P=0.015],and history of allergy[β=2.38,95%CI(1.22,3.54),P<0.001]significantly.Conclusion The overall symptoms of patients with pulmonary nodules in Lingnan area are mild,and the high prevalence of symptoms are fatigue,cough,expectoration of white sputum,and irritability and distress.The symptom severity is correlated with gender,age,history of exposure to secondhand smoke,history of exposure to other hazardous substances,and history of allergy.

With the widespread application of nuclear technology,the prevention and treatment of radiation damage have become significant issues in the fields of public health and medicine.This article reviews the adverse drug reactions and their monitoring for radioprotective drugs,and discusses their post-marketing re-evaluation in terms of safety,efficacy,economics,and quality standards.Research indicates that while there is a wide variety of radioprotective drugs,safety concerns are prevalent.Future efforts should focus on strengthening the monitoring and management of adverse drug reactions,optimizing drug safety,and exploring the potential of combined drug applications through multidisciplinary collaboration to enhance anti-radiation efficacy.

With the widespread application of nuclear technology,the prevention and treatment of radiation damage have become significant issues in the fields of public health and medicine.This article reviews the adverse drug reactions and their monitoring for radioprotective drugs,and discusses their post-marketing re-evaluation in terms of safety,efficacy,economics,and quality standards.Research indicates that while there is a wide variety of radioprotective drugs,safety concerns are prevalent.Future efforts should focus on strengthening the monitoring and management of adverse drug reactions,optimizing drug safety,and exploring the potential of combined drug applications through multidisciplinary collaboration to enhance anti-radiation efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty in the treatment of Kummell'disease.Methods Databases of Cochrane Library,PubMed,Medline,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM were used to search clinical studies on percutaneous kyphoplasty virus percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of Kummell's disease from database inception until June 1st,2022.Literature screening was performed according to the speci-fied inclusion and exclusion criteria.In strict compliance with Cochrane's systematic evaluation principle,authors reasonably screened,e-valuated and analyzed the quality of the retrieved papers and then the evaluating indicator of postoperative ODI,JOA,VAS,operation time and intraoperative complications in each included study was evaluated in Review Manager 5.4software.Results Nine papers were included,involving 243 patients in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group and 222 patients in the percutaneous kyphoplasty group.Percu-taneous kyphoplasty had advantages in postoperative ODI score,cement leakage,and postoperative Cobb's angle,which was statistically significant(P＜0.05),but the operation time was longer and the postoperative VAS score improved poorly.There was no significant difference in intraoperative bleeding and height of the postoperative vertebral margin(P＞0.05).Conclusion In the surgical treatment of Kummell's disease,percutaneous vertebral kyphoplasty can more effectively improve the postoperative ODI score,and reduce the post-operative Cobb's angle and the risk of cement leakage compared to the traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty.It has more advantages in improving the clinical efficacy and reducing the postoperative risk.However,the conclusions of this study require more high-quality,multi-angle and large-sample studies in the future.

Objective To observe whether the transplanted dermal multipotent stem cells(dMSCs)transfected by adenovirus vector of CXCR4(Adv-CXCR4)can distribute more frequently to the wound of rats with combined wound and irradiation injury.Methods dMSCs transfected by Adv-CXCR4(group A),or transfected by adenovirus vector of green fluorescent protein(group B),and non-transfected dMSCs were labeled with 3H-TdR and then transplanted into combine-injured rats.The amount of dMSCs in wound were determined by liquid scintillation,and wounds healing process was observed by measuring the remaining wound area.Results From the 5th day after transplantation,the amount of dMSCs in the wound of group A accounted for 1.95%-3.85% of the total transplanted dMSCs,significantly greater than those in group B and group C,which accounted for 1.07%-1.86% of the total transplanted dMSCs.The remaining wound area in group A was smaller than those in group B and group C from day 12 after injury,and the healing time of group A was 1.5 day ahead than group B and group C.Conclusions dMSCs transfected by Adv-CXCR4 distributes more frequently to the wound of combine-injured rats and could accelerate wound healing.

Objective To explore the protective effect of atorvastatin on irradiated endothelium and the thrombomodulin(TM)expression.Methods Cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells(HCAEC)and human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC)were treated by atorvastatin at the final concentration of 10 μmol/ml for 10 min,and then irradiated with 2 and 25 Gy.Cell cycles status and TM expression were quantitatively measured by flow cytometry 24 hours after irradiation.Protein C activation in endothelial cells was also assessod.Results After administration with atorvastatin for 24 h,the TM expression increased by 77%,59% and 61% in normal control group,2 Gy group and 25 Gy group,respectively(t=27.395,26.420,58.065;P=0.000).The protein C levels decreased by 23% and 34% compared with the normal group post-irradiation to 2 and 25 Gy,but increased by 79% and 76% compared with the irradiated control group after administration with atorvastatin.The rates of cell apoptosis decreased by 6% and 16% in 2 Gy and 25 Gy groups,respectively after administration with atorvastatin for 24 h(t=4.178,17.863;P=0.000).Conclusions Atorva statin can protect endothelia cell from irradiation-induced apeptosis by increasing TM expression and protein C activation.

BACKGROUND: As a kind of semitransparent membrane, human amniotic membrance contains many kinds of nutrients, which is a good biological material loaded with keratinocytes.OBJECTIVE: To construct epidermal substitute of the skin from human amniotic membrane loaded with porcine keratinocytes and examine the morphological characteristics of the growth and proliferation of keratinocytes seeded on human amniotic membrane.DESIGN: Single sample study and repetitive measured observation based on the cells.SETTING: Institute of Combined Injuries of Chinese PLA, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury and Institute of Combined Injuries of Chinese PLA, Academy of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from January to November 2001. Porcine keratinocytes was collected from Guizhou minipigs aged 3 weeks.METHODS: The primarily cultured keratinocytes of Guizhou minipigs were subcuhured, expanded and bred on the stroma surface of human amniotic membrance at the density of 1.63 × 105/cm2. The growth and proliferation of keratinocytes were observed under inverted microscope every day. From the 3rd day and the 15th day after being cultured, the growth of keratinocytes on human amniotic membrane was examined under light microscope and electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The growth of keratinocytes on human amniotic membrane was examined RESULTS: Keratinocytes evidently adhered to the stroma surface of human amniotic membrane about 30 minutes after being cultured, which was observed under inverted microscope. Most keratinocytes grew and adhered to the stroma surface of human amniotic membrane within 24 hours. Monolayer of keratinocytes formed and completely covered human amniotic membrane within 3 days. It was observed under the light microscope that the monolayer of keratinocytes adhered to human amniotic membrane and arrayed tightly. The keratinocytes presented in the shape of polygon, and plasmalemmas of keratinocytes formed many pseudopods under the observation with scanning electron microscope. Keratinocytes adhered to human amniotic membrane well and with many keratinofilaments in them under the observation with transmission electron microscope. Keratinocytes arrayed on human amniotic membrane densely with many cellular debris and some keratinocytes formed cavitations in them due to aging after growth for 15 days under the observation with inverted microscope.CONCLUSION: Human amitotic membrane is a good carrier of keratinocytes cultured on it in vitro, and is able to promote the proliferation of keratinocytes significantly. However, when keratinocytes were loaded on the human amniotic membrane for 15 days, some keratinocytes formed cavitations in them due to aging.

Objectives To investigate the effects of combined radiation and thermal burn injury on the survival of skin allografts and to analyze the relationship between the prolongation of allograft survival and the changes of immune functions of the thymocytes and splenocytes in rats.Methods Wistar rats were irradiated with 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 Gy of gamma rays. Thirty minutes after radiation, 15% TBSA Ⅲ-degree burn was inflicted to the rats. Twenty-four hours after the burn injury, allografts were used to cover the burn wounds. In the 8 Gy group, 1 hour before skin grafting, the bone marrow cells (4×108) from the same donor were also transplanted. All rats were carefully observed after injury. The rats with single radiation injury of 5 Gy gamma rays, with single burn injury and with combined radiation-burn injury were killed 3, 7, 10, 15 and 30 days after skin grafting for immunological assay and pathological study.Results All the allografts in the single burn group were rejected in 10 days. In the combined injury groups, the survival rates of the allografts in rats undergoing 3 and 4 Gy radiation were 20% and 30%, respectively. In the combined injury groups undergoing 5, 6 and 8 Gy radiation, the 10-day survival rates of the allografts were 69%, 88% and 100% respectively, and the 30-day survival rates in the three groups were 36%, 42% and 100% separately. The grafted allogenic skin, with normal epithelial cells and good vascularity, healed well with the recipient's skin. Hairs grew well from the allografts 30 days after grafting. Three, 7 and 15 days after allografting, in the single burn group, the proliferative activities of the thymocytes were 90%, 185% and 130% of the preinjury level, and the antibody forming capacities of the splenocytes were 200%, 171% and 300% of the preinjury level, respectively; in the combined injury groups, the proliferative activities were 6%, 99% and 91% of the preinjury level, and the forming capacities were 2%, 36% and 90% of the preinjury level.Conclusions The survival rate of allograft in rats undergoing combined radiation and thermal burn injury rises with the increase in radiation dosage. The allograft covering single bun injury is severely rejected by immune reaction. The prolongation of the survival of allograft in combined injury group mainly results from radiation that suppresses immune functions.