The coinfection of respiratory viruses and bacteria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the development of vaccines and powerful antibiotics. As a macromolecule that is difficult to absorb in the gastrointestinal tract, a homogeneous polysaccharide from Houttuynia cordata (HCPM) has been reported to exhibit anti-complement properties and alleviate influenza A virus (H1N1)-induced lung injury; however, the effects of HCPM without in vitro antiviral and antibacterial activities on more complicated pulmonary diseases resulting from viral-bacterial coinfection remains unclear. This study established a representative coinfection murine pneumonia model infected with H1N1 (0.2 LD₅₀) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, 10⁷ CFU). HCPM significantly improved survival rate and weight loss, and ameliorated gut-lung damage and inflammatory cytokine production. Interestingly, the therapeutic effect of HCPM on intestinal damage preceded that in the lungs. Mechanistically, HCPM inhibited the overactivation of the intestinal complement (C3a and C5a) and suppressed the activation of the NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) pathway, which contributes to the regulation of the Treg/Th17 cell balance in the gut-lung axis. The results indicate the beneficial effects of an anti-complement polysaccharide against viral-bacterial coinfection pneumonia by modulating crosstalk between multiple immune regulatory networks.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Methods 160 cases were randomly divided into 4 groups from A to D,40 cases in each group.Group A was given nerve block,group B was given ultrasound-guided nerve block,group C was given arc edge needle-scalpel,and group D was given ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel for 4 weeks.The McGill pain scale,cervical dysfunction index,cervical motion(angle of cervical left and right rotation,anterior flexion,posterior extension and lateral flexion),myoelectric-evoked potentiall(median nerve and ulnar nerve conduction velocity,latency),arterial blood flow velocity(average vertebral artery and basal artery flow velocity,end-diastolic blood flow velocity)were observed.The serum levels of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),β-endorphin(β-EP),lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(LpPLA2),6-ketoprostaglandin E1α(6-keto-PGE1α)were measured.The clinical efficacy and safety of each group were observed.Results The response rate in group D was taller than that in group A and group B significantly(χ2=6.605,P=0.013;χ2=4.073,P=0.044).Compared with the other three groups,the McGill pain,NDI,NSE,LpPLA2 and 6-keto-PGE1α in group D decreased significantly(P<0.05),the β-EP increased significantly(P<0.05),and the angles of left and right cervical rotation,anterior flexion,posterior extension and lateral flexion increased significantly(P<0.05),and median nerve and ulnar nerve conduction velocity,vertebral artery and basilar artery average blood flow velocity,end diastolic blood flow velocity increased significantly(P<0.05),and median nerve and ulnar nerve latency decreased significantly(P<0.05).The safety index of group D was higher than that in group A significantly(χ2=5.641,P=0.018).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel can relieve neck and shoulder pain,improve cervical spine function and reduce complications in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the course of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty,and explore management strategies for enhancing perioperative prophylactic medication administration.Methods The clinical data for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty at Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University from January,2020 to September,2024 were retrospectively collected.Patients were divided into a 24 h group and a 48-72 h group based on the duration of prophylactic antibacterial therapy.The general characteristics,surgical-related indicators,preoperative and postoperative laboratory test results,and surgical outcome measures between the two groups of patients were compared.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors associated with prolonged duration of prophylactic antibacterial therapy.Results A total of 126 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were enrolled,including 74 cases in the 24 h group and 52 cases in the 48-72 h group.Univariate analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the following indicators between the two groups:surgical cause,surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,drainage duration of plasma drainage tubes,preoperative white blood cell count,and preoperative neutrophil count(P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the reason for surgery and the duration of plasma drain tube drainage were the influencing factors of antimicrobial treatment course for total hip arthroplasty(P<0.05).The results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the prediction model(constructed based on the drainage time of plasma drainage tube)for prophylactic antimicrobial treatment course to 48-72 h was 0.721.When the drainage time of plasma drainage tubes was≥40.56 h,the risk of requiring prophylactic antimicrobial therapy for an extended course of 48-72 h increased significantly.Conclusion The patient's surgical reason and the duration of plasma drain drainage may be related to the prophylactic antimicrobial course of more than 24 hours.Clinical pharmacists may utilize this parameter as a patient-specific characteristic,with the support of information systems,the hierarchical patient management can be implemented,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of medication surveillance and progressively elevating the 24 h discontinuation rate of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics.

Quantitative training load refers to the control of exercise dosage through quantification in order to develop an appropriate exercise program to avoid ineffective or excessive training. This paper reviews the concepts, theoretical frameworks, and measurement methods of quantitative training load in nursing, analyzes the strengths and limitations of existing methods, and aims to provide a new theory and perspective for nursing exercise interventions and to further expand the research and application of quantitative training load in nursing.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel in the treatment of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.Methods 160 cases were randomly divided into 4 groups from A to D,40 cases in each group.Group A was given nerve block,group B was given ultrasound-guided nerve block,group C was given arc edge needle-scalpel,and group D was given ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel for 4 weeks.The McGill pain scale,cervical dysfunction index,cervical motion(angle of cervical left and right rotation,anterior flexion,posterior extension and lateral flexion),myoelectric-evoked potentiall(median nerve and ulnar nerve conduction velocity,latency),arterial blood flow velocity(average vertebral artery and basal artery flow velocity,end-diastolic blood flow velocity)were observed.The serum levels of neuron-specific enolase(NSE),β-endorphin(β-EP),lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(LpPLA2),6-ketoprostaglandin E1α(6-keto-PGE1α)were measured.The clinical efficacy and safety of each group were observed.Results The response rate in group D was taller than that in group A and group B significantly(χ2=6.605,P=0.013;χ2=4.073,P=0.044).Compared with the other three groups,the McGill pain,NDI,NSE,LpPLA2 and 6-keto-PGE1α in group D decreased significantly(P<0.05),the β-EP increased significantly(P<0.05),and the angles of left and right cervical rotation,anterior flexion,posterior extension and lateral flexion increased significantly(P<0.05),and median nerve and ulnar nerve conduction velocity,vertebral artery and basilar artery average blood flow velocity,end diastolic blood flow velocity increased significantly(P<0.05),and median nerve and ulnar nerve latency decreased significantly(P<0.05).The safety index of group D was higher than that in group A significantly(χ2=5.641,P=0.018).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with arc edge needle-scalpel can relieve neck and shoulder pain,improve cervical spine function and reduce complications in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of the course of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty,and explore management strategies for enhancing perioperative prophylactic medication administration.Methods The clinical data for patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty at Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University from January,2020 to September,2024 were retrospectively collected.Patients were divided into a 24 h group and a 48-72 h group based on the duration of prophylactic antibacterial therapy.The general characteristics,surgical-related indicators,preoperative and postoperative laboratory test results,and surgical outcome measures between the two groups of patients were compared.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors associated with prolonged duration of prophylactic antibacterial therapy.Results A total of 126 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were enrolled,including 74 cases in the 24 h group and 52 cases in the 48-72 h group.Univariate analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the following indicators between the two groups:surgical cause,surgical duration,intraoperative blood loss,drainage duration of plasma drainage tubes,preoperative white blood cell count,and preoperative neutrophil count(P<0.05).The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the reason for surgery and the duration of plasma drain tube drainage were the influencing factors of antimicrobial treatment course for total hip arthroplasty(P<0.05).The results of receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the prediction model(constructed based on the drainage time of plasma drainage tube)for prophylactic antimicrobial treatment course to 48-72 h was 0.721.When the drainage time of plasma drainage tubes was≥40.56 h,the risk of requiring prophylactic antimicrobial therapy for an extended course of 48-72 h increased significantly.Conclusion The patient's surgical reason and the duration of plasma drain drainage may be related to the prophylactic antimicrobial course of more than 24 hours.Clinical pharmacists may utilize this parameter as a patient-specific characteristic,with the support of information systems,the hierarchical patient management can be implemented,thereby enhancing the effectiveness of medication surveillance and progressively elevating the 24 h discontinuation rate of perioperative prophylactic antibiotics.

Quantitative training load refers to the control of exercise dosage through quantification in order to develop an appropriate exercise program to avoid ineffective or excessive training. This paper reviews the concepts, theoretical frameworks, and measurement methods of quantitative training load in nursing, analyzes the strengths and limitations of existing methods, and aims to provide a new theory and perspective for nursing exercise interventions and to further expand the research and application of quantitative training load in nursing.

Objective:To explore the differences in postoperative recovery, economic effects, and discharge readiness between the day surgical ward mode and the traditional hospitalization mode for lung cancer patients based on propensity score matching analysis.Methods:From August to December 2022, 320 lung cancer patients who underwent thoracoscopy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Day Surgery Ward of the Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling. The patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire and the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) . The differences in postoperative recovery indicators, economic indicators, and discharge readiness between the day surgical ward mode and the traditional hospitalization mode for lung cancer patients were compared. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 308 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 96.25% (308/320) .Results:Among 308 lung cancer patients, there were 161 in the day surgical ward mode group and 147 in the traditional hospitalization mode group. Through propensity matching, a total of 160 cases were successfully matched, with 80 cases in each group. The first time out of bed, chest tube retention time, and postoperative hospitalization time in the day surgical ward mode group were all shorter than those in the traditional hospitalization mode group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications, adverse reactions, and pain scores between the two groups on the first and second postoperative days ( P>0.05) . The laboratory expenses, Western medicine expenses, and total postoperative hospitalization expenses of the day surgical ward mode group were all lower than those of the traditional hospitalization mode group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The individual status, adaptability, and discharge readiness scores of the day surgical ward mode group were lower than those of the traditional hospitalization mode group, with statistically significant differences ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The daytime surgical ward mode based on enhanced recovery after surgery for lung cancer can ensure the safety of patients during the perioperative period, promote early recovery, shorten hospitalization time, and improve economic effects. Compared to the traditional hospitalization mode, there is still room for improvement in the discharge readiness of the day surgical ward mode. It is necessary to strengthen the evaluation of patient discharge readiness and implement targeted interventions.

This paper is intended to analyze the driving force behind and main strategies for innovation and development of individual protective equipment in extreme environments by the U.S.Armed Forces,and outline the current develop-ments and representative achievements of individual protective equipment by the U.S.Armed Forces for environments of high altitude,extreme cold and extreme heat.It is recommended that the top-level design be adopted,physiological modeling and analysis technologies for big data be given more attention,key technologies be innovated,and intelligent,information-based and lightweight new individual medical protective equipment be developed with more effort.

Objective:To observe any effect of long-distance application of Oral Reading for Language with Aphasia (ORLA) training on patients with post-stroke aphasia.Methods:A total of 42 stroke survivors with aphasia were randomly divided into an inpatient group, and two online groups, each of 14. All three groups had their routine rehabilitation treatment supplemented with ordinary multimodal language therapy and ORLA. The inpatient group completed the routine in the rehabilitation treatment room, while the online groups completed it at home using Tencent video conferencing software. The conventional multimodal language therapy was conducted once daily, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. For the inpatient group and online group 2 the daily session lasted 30 minutes, while for the online 1 groups the daily length was doubled. The ORLA therapy was also conducted once daily, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, for the inpatient group and online group 2 the daily session lasted 1h, while for the online 1 groups the daily length was 30min.The speech function, reading ability and life quality of the three groups were evaluated before and after the intervention using the Western Aphasia Battery, the Chinese Standard Aphasia Examination Scale and the Chinese version of the Stroke Aphasia Quality of Life Scale.Results:After treatment, the average aphasia quotient (AQ), reading, naming and quality of life scores in all three groups had improved significantly compared with those before treatment. And related language ability scores (such as retelling, fluency, information volume, listening comprehension, etc.) had also improved significantly in all three groups. However, the average AQ, reading, and oral fluency scores of the inpatient group and online group 2 were significantly higher than those of online group 1. Significant improvement was also observed in the reading aloud and life quality of all three groups, but the average improvement in reading aloud was significantly greater in the inpatient group and in online group 2 compared to online group 1. The average life quality of the online groups was significantly superior to that of the inpatient group.Conclusion:Medium- and high-intensity ORLA synchronous remote speech rehabilitation can significantly improve the speech ability, reading ability and life quality of aphasic stroke survivors.