ObjectiveTo develop a full-process data platform of renal rehabilitation, diagnosis and quality control information. MethodsA hierarchical architectural design was proposed, adhering to clinical pathway models and standardized data protocols. The platform comprehensively covered assessment, intervention, follow-up and quality control for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. By integrating multidisciplinary resources and standardizing rehabilitation workflows, it delivered standardized and intelligent rehabilitation services. ResultsThe platform achieved standardized and intelligent management of rehabilitation services, effectively improved the physiological function, psychological state and quality of life convenience for MHD patients, while significantly reduced the economic and care burden on patients' families and society. ConclusionThe rehabilitation service model based on a full-process data platform may provide scientific and systematic support for MHD patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.10.012.].

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of action of Kaixinsan in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease （AD） based on network pharmacology， molecular docking， and animal experimental validation. MethodsThe Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP） and the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine（ETCM） databases were used to obtain the active ingredients and targets of Kaixinsan. GeneCards， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man（OMIM）， TTD， PharmGKB， and DrugBank databases were used to obtain the relevant targets of AD. The intersection （common targets） of the active ingredient targets of Kaixinsan and the relevant targets of AD was taken， and the network interaction analysis of the common targets was carried out in the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction（PPI） network. The CytoNCA plugin within Cytoscape was used to screen out the core targets， and the Metascape platform was used to perform gene ontology（GO） functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis. The “drug-active ingredient-target” interaction network was constructed with the help of Cytoscape 3.8.2， and AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking. Scopolamine （SCOP） was utilized for modeling and injected intraperitoneally once daily. Thirty-two male C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into blank control （CON） group （0.9% NaCl， n=8）， model （SCOP） group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1， n=8）， positive control group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of SCOP+3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of Donepezil， n=8）， and Kaixinsan group （3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 of SCOP+6.5 g·kg^-1·d^-1 of Kaixinsan， n=8）. Mice in each group were administered with 0.9% NaCl， Kaixinsan， or Donepezil by gavage twice a day for 14 days. Morris water maze experiment was used to observe the learning memory ability of mice. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining method was used to observe the pathological changes in the CA1 area of the mouse hippocampus. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to determine the serum acetylcholine （ACh） and acetylcholinesterase （AChE） contents of mice. Western blot method was used to detect the protein expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3（STAT3） and nuclear transcription factor（NF）-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice. ResultsA total of 73 active ingredients of Kaixinsan were obtained， and 578 potential targets （common targets） of Kaixinsan for the treatment of AD were screened out. Key active ingredients included kaempferol， gijugliflozin， etc.. Potential core targets were STAT3， NF-κB p65， et al. GO functional enrichment analysis obtained 3 124 biological functions， 254 cellular building blocks， and 461 molecular functions. KEGG pathway enrichment obtained 248 pathways， mainly involving cancer-related pathways， TRP pathway， cyclic adenosine monophosphate（cAMP） pathway， and NF-κB pathway. Molecular docking showed that the binding of the key active ingredients to the target targets was more stable. Morris water maze experiment indicated that Kaixinsan could improve the learning memory ability of SCOP-induced mice. HE staining and ELISA results showed that Kaixinsan had an ameliorating effect on central nerve injury in mice. Western blot test indicated that Kaixinsan had a down-regulating effect on the levels of NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and STAT3 phosphorylation in the hippocampal tissue of mice in the SCOP model. ConclusionKaixinsan can improve the cognitive impairment function in SCOP model mice and may reduce hippocampal neuronal damage and thus play a therapeutic role in the treatment of AD by regulating NF-κB p65， STAT3， and other targets involved in the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective: To review the current development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in the field of transfusion medicine. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in the Clarivate Web of Science Database from inception to December 2024 for literature related to AI and transfusion. A total of 4 775 publications were identified. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 133 original studies were ultimately included and analyzed using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Research on AI in transfusion has surged since 2020 (accounting for 77% of all publications), with China ranking second globally in publication volume. Among the included studies, 69.2% focused on predicting individual transfusion needs, followed by inventory management (8.3%), diagnosis and prediction of adverse transfusion reactions (6.0%), factors influencing transfusion outcomes (5.3%), blood group identification (5.3%), blood quality testing (4.5%), and precise blood volume measurement (1.5%). Additionally, 4.5% of the studies were published in journals with an impact factor greater than 10; 19.5% developed software or applications; 31.5% were multi-center studies; 48.1% utilized decision tree methods, while 31.5% employed neural network approaches; and 14.2% conducted external validation of the algorithms. Conclusion: AI demonstrates significant potential in transfusion risk prediction, decision support, and blood management. However, challenges remain, including limited model generalizability, insufficient algorithm interpretability, and barriers to clinical translation. The deep integration of AI with transfusion medicine will accelerate the advent of precision transfusion era, maximizing blood resource utilization, reducing waste, and ensuring transfusion safety.

Purpose To investigate the consistency and reliability of immunohistochemistry(IHC)staining and polymerase chain reaction-capillary electrophoresis(PCR-CE)in the detection of microsatellite instability.Methods The clinical data of 735 patients with solid tumors who underwent biopsy or surgical resection were collected,and the microsatellite status of tissue samples was detected by IHC and PCR-CE.Results Among the 344 cases of colorectal cancer(CRC),IHC results showed that 290 cases(84.3％)had proficient mismatch repair(pMMR),and 54 cases(15.7％)had deficient mismatch repair(dMMR).The results of PCR-CE showed that 53 patients(15.4％)had high microsatellite instability(MSI-H),and 291 patients(84.6％)had microsatellite stable(MSS).The consistency analysis of IHC and PCR-CE results showed that the Kappa value was 0.923(P＜0.001).Among the 168 cases of en-dometrial cancer(EC),IHC results showed that 42 cases(25.0％)had dMMR and 126 cases(75.0％)had pMMR;The results of PCR-CE showed that 39 cases(23.2％)had MSI-H and 129 cases(76.8％)had MSS.The consisten-cy analysis of the two methods showed that the Kappa value was 0.854(P＜0.001).Among the 165 cases of gastric cancer,IHC results showed that 22(13.3％)had dMMR and 143(86.7％)had pMMR;The results of PCR-CE showed that 22 cases(13.3％)had MSI-H and 143 cases(86.7％)had MSS/low microsatellite instability(MSI-L).The consistency analysis of IHC and PCR-CE results showed that the Kappa value was 0.843(P＜0.001).Among the 58 cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC),IHC results showed that 3 cases(5.2％)had dMMR and 55 cases(94.8％)had pMMR;The results of PCR-CE showed that 3 cases(5.2％)had MSI-H and 55 cases(94.8％)had MSS.The consistency analysis of the two methods showed that the Kappa value was 1.000(P＜0.001).Conclusion IHC and PCR-CE have high consistency and reliability in detecting MSI status in patients with CRC,EC,gastric cancer and HNSCC,and their combined application is helpful to improve the accuracy of MSI detec-tion in patients with solid tumors.

Porcine arthritis,one of the common chronic diseases in large-scale pig farms,can signifi-cantly reduce the production performance of meat pigs.In this study,a strain of Haemophilus pa-rasuis(HPS)was isolated from the joint fluid of a lame pig.The HPS was analyzed in terms of se-rotypes,virulence genes,and resistance genes.Additionally,it was treated with sensitive antibiotics to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive prevention and treatment of arthritis in meat pigs in future production settings.A strain of HPS type 14 was isolated from the joint fluid of dis-eased pigs.The HPS isolate demonstrated sensitivity to β-lactams and tetracyclines,while florfeni-col and polymyxin effectively inhibited its growth at low concentrations.However,the bacteria ex-hibited resistance to sulfonamides and ciprofloxacin.The treatment of affected pigs with clinical ar-thritis using doxycycline and enrofloxacin injections proved effective.Compared to the infected group,in which the sick pigs experienced difficulty flexing their carpal and tarsal joints and exhibi-ted significant lameness,the pigs in the treatment group showed marked improvement.Their joints were only slightly swollen,and the clinical symptoms of arthropathy were alleviated.

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and social impairment was one of the core symptoms of ASD, which can seriously affects the social life of patients.The pathogenesis of social impairment in ASD is unclear and it may involves many brain abnormalities.The related theories and hypotheses are numerous and there is no unified conclusion. Studies have shown that the cerebellum has extensive connections with brain networks and is involved in the regulation of social cognition, but its role in ASD has not been fully emphasized.The structural and functional abnormalities of the cerebellar-cortex (CC) loop in ASD patients can lead to language communication disorders, empathy disorders, difficulties in interpreting social cues, abnormal social reward processing and emotional regulation disorders, which are closely related to ASD social impairment. Noninvasive brain stimulation of the superficial cerebellum can improve the abnormal CC circuit in ASD patients, and the cerebellum can be considered as a target for the treatment of social disorders in ASD in the future.Based on the clinical and basic researches on social impairment in ASD in recent years, this article reviews the relevant manifestations of disorders which cerebellar and CC circuit involved, aiming to promote the development of related research in the future.

As the incidence of autism rises annually,its unknown pathogenesis makes it challenging to treat the varied repetitive and stereotyped behaviors that characterize its core symptoms.The striatum is an important brain region for the control of locomotor behaviors,featuring a unique mosaic structure,complex neural origin,and finely regulated developmental process that is highly susceptible to genetic and environmental influences.Both clinical and basic studies have indicated that abnormal development of the striatal nuclei may contribute to the pathogenesis of these repetitive stereotyped behaviors in autism.Clinical imaging data have primarily identified gross anatomical variations in the stratum(e.g.,its general outline),but lack the resolution necessary to detect the cellular and subcellular alterations within the region.By introducing the abnormalities in the spatiotemporal development of the striatum and their links to the characteristic behaviors of autism,this review aims to advance our understanding of the role of the striatum in autism pathogenesis and to inform future animal studies and clinical research.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of defocus incorporated soft contact lenses(DISC)and orthokeratology(Ortho-K)for myopia control in children aged 8～15 years,and to further investigate the influence of dif-ferent baseline age and spherical equivalent(SE)on the treatment effect.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted,involving 197 myopic children(197 eyes)aged 8～15 years who were fitted with contact lenses at the Depart-ment of Ophthalmology,Xi'an People's Hospital(Xi'an Fourth Hospital)from May to September 2023.They were divid-ed into the DISC group(97 cases)and the Ortho-K group(100 cases).After 12 months of continuous follow-up,the chan-ges in axial length(AL)at 3,6,and 12 months after lens wear were compared between the two groups.Subgroup analysis was then performed:participants were divided into a younger subgroup(8～10 years)and an older subgroup(11～15 years)based on pre-wear age,and into a low myopia subgroup(-1.00～-3.00 D)and a moderate myopia subgroup(-3.25～-6.00 D)based on pre-wear SE.The AL changes at 3,6,and 12 months after wearing DISC or Ortho-K were com-pared between groups within these subgroups.Meanwhile,the incidence of conjunctivitis,incidence of corneal staining,corneal endothelial cell density,and corneal thickness were compared between the two groups at 12 months after lens wear.Results Inter-group comparisons showed:The change in AL in the DISC group at 3 months after lens wear was significantly lower than that in the Ortho-K group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);at 6 and 12 months after lens wear,the differences in AL change between the two groups were not statistically significant(both P＞0.05).Subgroup analysis by age and SE showed:In the younger subgroup and the low myopia subgroup,the AL change in the DISC group at 3 months after lens wear was significantly lower than that in the Ortho-K group,and the differences were statistically significant(both P＜0.05),but these differences disappeared at 6 and 12 months after lens wear(all P＞0.05);in the older subgroup and the moderate myopia subgroup,the differences in AL change between the two groups at 3,6,and 12 months after lens wear were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).At 12 months after lens wear,there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of conjunctivitis,incidence of corneal staining,corneal endothe-lial cell density,or corneal thickness between the DISC and Ortho-K groups(all P＞0.05).Conclusion DISC demon-strates superior myopia control efficacy in the short term(3 months)for younger children and those with low myopia,but its medium-term(6 months)and long-term(12 months)efficacy converges with that of Ortho-K.Furthermore,the long-term safety of DISC is not significantly different from that of Ortho-K.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is the most common pathological subtype of head and neck malignancies.The majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage,losing the opportunity for curative surgery,and overall prognosis remains poor.With its exceptional capabilities in image analysis and powerful data pro-cessing,artificial intelligence(AI)has the potential to become a valuable tool in precision pathology,offering new op-portunities to improve the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck cancer.This article provides a systematic review of the current research status on AI-assisted pathological image analysis in the diagnosis,treatment strategy selection,and prognosis prediction of HNSCC,while also discussing future research directions.