To explore the clinical value of a multimodal predictive model based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) radiomics combined with deep learning(DL) features for the preoperative noninvasive assessment of mismatch repair-deficient(MMRd) status in endometrial cancer(EC).

Objective To assess the stability of the molluscicidal activity of the fermentation broth supernatant of Bacillus indicus F19, so as to provide insights into development of novel molluscicides derived from this isolate. Methods Healthy Oncomelania hupensis snails free from Schistosoma japonicum infections and acclimated in the laboratory for 7 days were selected. The fermentation broth supernatant of B. indicus F19 was prepared. For each treatment condition, four experimental groups and one control group were established, with 10 mL of the fermentation broth supernatant each group. O. hupensis snails were exposed to different pH values (3, 6, 9 and 12), temperatures (40, 60, 80 °C and 100 °C), and ultraviolet (UV) exposure durations (1, 2, 3 h and 4 h). Then, the supernatant was diluted with dechlorinated water to concentrations of 50%, 10%, and 5% (v/v), and 10 mL of each dilution solution was added to three separate tubes, with an equal volume of dechlorinated water as a blank control. Twenty O. hupensis snails were transferred to each tube, immersed for 48 h and 72 h, and collected for viability assessment using the shell-tapping method. The mortality of O. hupensis snails was calculated and compared among dilution groups and the blank control group to evaluate the molluscicidal activity of the fermentation broth supernatant of B. indicus F19. Results There was a significant difference in the mortality of O. hupensis snails immersed in 5% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 for 48 h at various pH levels (χ² = 11.556, P < 0.05), and the mortality reduced to 13.33% (8/60) in the experimental groups at a pH value of 12, which was significantly lower than in the blank control group [33.33% (20/60)] (χ² = 6.708, P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the mortality of O. hupensis snails immersed in 10% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 for 72 h at various pH levels (χ² = 31.691, P < 0.001), and the mortality reduced to 71.67% (43/60) and 65.00% (39/60) in the experimental group at pH values of 9 and 12, which was significantly lower than in the blank control group [100.00% (60/60)] (χ² = 8.571 and 12.110, both P values < 0.01). The mortality of O. hupensis snails both reduced to 23.33% (14/60) following immersion in 5% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 heated in a water bath at 80 °C and 100 °C for 48 h, which was lower than that of unheated O. hupensis snails [33.33% (20/60)] and snails heated in a water bath at 40 °C [35.00% (21/60)] and 60 °C [33.33% (20/60)], and there was no significant difference in the mortality of O. hupensis snails among groups (χ² = 3.898, P > 0.05). The mortality of O. hupensis snails was 68.33% (41/60), 66.67% (40/60), 65.00% (39/60), and 68.33% (41/60) following immersion in fermentation broth supernatants heated in a water bath at 40, 60, 80 °C and 100 °C for 72 h, which was all lower than that of snails in the control group [71.70% (43/60)]; however, there was no significant difference seen in the snail mortality among groups (χ² = 0.674, P > 0.05). The mortality of O. hupensis snails was 73.33% (44/60), 71.67% (43/60), 71.67% (43/60), and 75.00% (45/60) following 48 h immersion in 10% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 irradiated by UV for 1, 2, 3 h and 4 h, 33.33% (20/60), 31.67% (19/60), 35.00% (21/60), and 33.33% (20/60) following 48 h immersion in 10% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 irradiated by UV for 1, 2, 3 h and 4 h, and 71.67% (43/60) and 33.33% (20/60) following 48 h immersion in 10% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 without UV irradiation, and no significant differences were found among groups (χ² = 0.229 and 0.150, both P values > 0.05). In addition, the mortality of O. hupensis snails was 76.67% (46/60), 71.67% (43/60), 70.00% (42/60), and 76.67% (46/60) following 72 h immersion in 5% fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 irradiated by UV for 1, 2, 3 h and 4 h, and 71.67% (43/60) in the control group, and there was no significant difference in the snail mortality among groups (χ² = 1.193, P > 0.05). Conclusion The molluscicidal action of the fermentation broth supernatants of B. indicus F19 is tolerant to high temperature and UV irradiation; however, the activity is attenuated under alkaline conditions.

Objective: To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods: Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U- test. Results: From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1 . The difference between desk chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk to chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk to chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.

To investigate the correlation between vitamin D nutritional status and insulin resistance in pubertal adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute lung injury effects of pulmonary phospholipids and their phospholipase A2(PLA2)decomposition products-lysophospholipids and fatty acids-on mice.METHODS Mice were randomly assigned to the following groups:① solvent control(PBS)and PLA2;② solvent control and glycerol phospholipid groups:1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(DOPS),1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(DPPS),1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol-amine(DOPE),1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine(DPPE),1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(DPPC),and 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(SOPC);③ solvent con-trol and fatty acid groups:palmitic acid(PA),oleic acid;④ solvent control and lysophospholipid groups:1-oleoyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(18∶1 LysoPS),1-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(18∶0 LysoPS),1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine(16∶0 LysoPS),1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phos-phoethanolamine(16∶0 LysoPE),1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(16∶0 LysoPC);⑤ solvent control,PLA2,DPPC,PA,16∶0 LysoPC,16∶0 LysoPS,and 18∶1 LysoPS.Following anesthesia,mice were administered nebulized PBS in the solvent control group,2.1 ug·kg-1 PLA2 in PBS in the PLA2 group and 2.5 mg·kg-1 of the corresponding substance in PBS in other experimental groups.For group①,survival times were recorded and survival curves were plotted.At 1 h post-treatment,lung tissues from groups ①②③④ were collected,photographed to obtain white light images,and subjected to HE staining to assess histopathological changes and pathological scoring.At 2 h post-treatment,pulmonary blood flow in group ⑤ was assessed using laser speckle contrast imaging,arterial blood gas was analyzed with a blood gas analyzer,and lung function was evaluated using whole-body pleth-ysmography.At 6 hours post-treatment,blood cells from group ⑤ were analyzed using an automated hematology analyzer.RESULTS Compared with the solvent control group,severe pathological changes were observed in lung tissues of the PLA2 group,accompanied by extensive inflammatory infiltration and interstitial thickening,with all mice succumbing within 240 min.In mice treated with glyc-erol phospholipids,alveolar structures remained clear,alveolar walls were intact and continuous,and alveolar spaces were translucent,with only occasional minor inflammatory cell infiltration in the septa.No significant pathological alterations were detected in the fatty acid groups.Minor inflammatory cell infiltration was seen in the 16∶0 LysoPE and 16∶0 LysoPC groups.However,such pathological changes as patchy hemorrhage,alveolar interstitial edema,increased alveolar wall thickness,and elevated neutrophil counts were observed in the 18∶1 LysoPS,18∶0 LysoPS,and 16∶0 LysoPS groups.Pathological scores based on HE staining were significantly increased in the 16∶0 LysoPS and 18∶1 LysoPS groups com-pared with the solvent control.The percentage of the lung tissue injury area was also markedly higher in the 16∶0 LysoPS group.A significant decrease in the mean fluorescence intensity of blood flow was observed in the 16∶0 LysoPS group.Arterial partial pressure of oxygen(pO2)was significantly reduced in the PLA2 group,while arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide(pCO2)was markedly elevated in the 16∶0 LysoPS and 18∶1 LysoPS groups.Lung function tests revealed that the 16∶0 LysoPS group exhibited significant increases in expiratory time,end-expiratory pressure,and enhanced pause,in contrast to significant decreases in tidal volume,expired volume,and minute volume.The 18∶1 LysoPS group also exhibited a significant decline in minute volume.No significant changes in inflammatory cell concentrations were detected in blood,with the exception of neutrophils in the 16∶0 LysoPS group,which showed a significant but physiologically normal increase.CONCLUSION Pulmonary phospholipids and their PLA2-derived fatty acid metabolites do not induce severe lung injury in mice while the lyso-phospholipid metabolites,particularly lysophosphatidylserine,are found to cause significant lung injury.

One of the key components of adsorbents for blood purification is the microsphere adsorbent. Microsphere adsorbents should meet the following requirements: stable physical and chemical structures, easy for functional modification to endow the adsorbents with specific adsorption functions or characteristics, with good biocompatibility and with low non-specific adsorption, as well as with enough mechanical strength. Microsphere adsorbents prepared from polysaccharide bio-based materials fulfill the above requirements and have been widely used in the field of blood adsorption. In this article, adsorbents prepared from polysaccharide bio-based materials such as cellulose, agarose, alginate, as well as adsorbents prepared from the aforementioned materials and carbon materials and the application of the said bio-based adsorbents in blood adsorption is reviewed. The future development is also discussed, aiming to provide guidance and reference for the preparation, functional modification and application research of bio-based adsorbents for blood adsorption.
Microspheres ; Adsorption ; Humans

Pristimerin, which is one of the compounds present in Celastraceae and Hippocrateaceae, has antitumor effects. However, its mechanism of action in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of pristimerin on ESCC in vitro and in vivo. The inhibitory effect of pristimerin on cell growth was assessed using trypan blue exclusion and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Gene and protein expressions were analyzed through quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to identify significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Cell transfection and RNA interference assays were utilized to examine the role of key proteins in pristimerin?s effect. Xenograft models were established to evaluate the antitumor efficiency of pristimerin in vivo. Pristimerin inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in ESCC cells. Upregulation of Noxa was crucial for pristimerin-induced apoptosis. Pristimerin activated the Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) signaling pathway and triggered FoxO3a recruitment to the Noxa promoter, leading to Noxa transcription. Blocking FoxO3a reversed pristimerin-induced Noxa upregulation and cell apoptosis. Pristimerin treatment suppressed xenograft tumors in nude mice, but these effects were largely negated in Noxa-KO tumors. Furthermore, the chemosensitization effects of pristimerin in vitro and in vivo were mediated by Noxa. This study demonstrates that pristimerin exerts an antitumor effect on ESCC by inducing AKT/FoxO3a-mediated Noxa upregulation. These findings suggest that pristimerin may serve as a potent anticancer agent for ESCC treatment.
Forkhead Box Protein O3/genetics* ; Humans ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/physiopathology* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes ; Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics* ; Mice ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Mice, Nude ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Male ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects*

Objective To investigate the cellular characteristics in the development of retinal tumors induced by MY-CN overexpression,and to find the key proteins that play an important role in this process.Methods T-MYCN Y1 and Y2 cells cultured in vitro for 1 year and 2 years were selected for the experiment.The WERI-RB-1 cell line obtained from Shanghai Cell Bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences was taken as the mature retinoblastoma(RB)control(WERI-Rb-1 group).Untreated normal human retinal tissues were used as the control group.Cells were inoculated into a 24-well plate at a density of 1 × 104 cells per well,and the cell morphology was observed under a microscope and images were collected.Cell count was performed on the 4th,8th and 12th day after inoculation.Immunofluorescence staining was employed to de-tect the expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 and cone cell marker L/M opsin in each group.Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was utilized to assess the expression of MYCN,CCNB1,CDK1,SYK,and RXRγ in cells across all groups.Proteomics analysis was performed to detect variations in protein expression profiles across groups and to identify key regulatory genes.Subsequently,cell growth and proliferation were evaluated after OTX2 knockdown by lentiviruses.Results The growth curve showed that there were(59.17±4.01)× 104 cells in the T-MYCN Y1 group,(85.14±4.54)× 104 cells in the T-MYCN Y2 group and(100.73±1.99)× 104 cells in the WERI-Rb-1 group on the 12th day of in-vitro culture(all P＜0.05).Compared with those in the control group,the positive cell rates of Ki67 and L/M opsin increased in T-MYCN Y1,T-MYCN Y2 and WERI-Rb-1 groups(all P＜0.001).The relative expression levels of MYCN mR-NAs in T-MYCN Y1,T-MYCN Y2 and WERI-Rb-1 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.001).The relative expression levels of CCNB1 and CDK1 mRNAs also increased significantly in the three groups,com-pared with those in the control group(all P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the relative expression of SYK mRNAs between T-MYCN Y1 and control groups(P＞0.05).The relative expression level of RXRγ mRNAs was significantly higher in the T-MYCN Y1 group than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The relative expression levels of SYK and RXRγmRNAs in T-MYCN Y2 and WERI-Rb-1 groups were significantly increased,compared with those in the control group(all P＜0.05).GO enrichment analysis showed that these differentially-expressed proteins were enriched into protein complex assembly and mitochondria pathways.KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the enriched pathways of these differential-ly-expressed proteins included carbon metabolism,metabolic pathway and fatty acid degradation.Both proteomics and Western blot analyses indicated that OTX2 expression levels were the highest in the WERI-Rb-1 group,second highest in the T-MYCN Y2 group,and the lowest in the T-MYCN Y1 group(all P＜0.01).According to qRT-PCR,the expression levels of OTX2 mRNAs in T-MYCN Y1,T-MYCN Y2 and WRI-Rb-1 cells with OTX2 knockdown were lower than those in empty vec-tor controls(all P＜0.05).The growth curve of cells showed that after knocking down OTX2 in the three groups of cells,both cell growth and proliferation ability decreased significantly(all P＜0.001).Conclusion During the development of retinal tumors induced by MYCN overexpression,cells gradually exhibit characteristics similar to WERI-Rb-1 cells,which are a typical RB cell line.OTX2 plays an important role in MYCN amplification or the growth and proliferation of highly ex-pressed RB.Targeting OTX2 may become a new research direction for the treatment of RB.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of absorption effect postoperative ablation area after microwave ablation(MWA)for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC).Methods:The clinical and ultrasound data of 101 patients with single PTMC who underwent microwave ablation in Beijing Friendship Hospital between April 2019 and July 2023 were collected.According to the endpoint event of whether the ablation area disappeared one year after MWA,they were divided into disappearance group(52 cases)and non-disappearance group(49 cases).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the factors of affecting the absorption effect of ablation area,and a regression model was constructed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to test the predictive efficacy of the model.Results:There were significant differences in the age,coarse calcification in the nodule,ablation time,Hashimoto's thyroiditis between two groups(x2=4.708,12.180,19.497,8.457,P<0.05),respectively.There were also significant differences in maximum diameter of nodule,nodule volume,ablation energy between two groups(Z=-3.929,-3.969,-3.677,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age≥50 years old,coarse calcification in the nodule,ablation time≥50s,and Hashimoto's thyroiditis were independent influencing factors for the non-disappearance of ablation area one year after MWA for PTMC(OR=4.464,3.733,10.063,4.173,P<0.05).The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve(AUC)of the regression model in predicting non-disappearance of ablation area after MWA for PTMC was 0.853(95%CI:0.777-0.929),and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of that were respectively 75.5%and 82.7%.Conclusion:The logistic regression model,that is constructed on the basis of clinical information,preoperative ultrasound features,and thermal ablation parameters,has high clinical application value in predicting the postoperative absorption of the ablation area in patients who undergo MWA for PTMC.

The biliary microbiota is an important component of the biliary system, the structure changes and dysbiosis of the biliary microbiota are closely related to the occurrence and development of biliary diseases. Recent studies have found that the dysbiosis of the biliary microbiota can lead to the occurrence of various biliary diseases such as cholelithiasis, cholangitis, and biliary tract cancer. However, the specific mechanisms of some of these diseases remain unclear. In addition, the alternation of biliary microbiota may also lead to the occurrence of postoperative complications of biliary diseases, such as the risk of infection increased after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Although some studies have begun to explore the connection between biliary microbiota and biliary diseases, most research have mainly focused on a single disease type or specific microorganisms. There has been no comprehensive and systematic review of the overall changes in biliary microbiota across different diseases and their association with post biliary surgery infection.Therefore, this article presents a systematic review of current advances linking the alternations of biliary microbiota to the development of biliary diseases and their postoperative infections, as well as the changes in the biliary microbiota before and after various biliary diseases and their surgeries, aiming to provide insightful methods for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of biliary diseases and management of postoperative infections.