BackgroundEmotional disorders in adolescents have emerged as a prominent issue in recent years. Current mainstream clinical assessment approaches for such conditions predominantly rely on interviews and rating scales， which are limited by inherent drawbacks such as high subjectivity and recall bias. Accordingly， there exists an urgent clinical need for the development of objective， quantifiable auxiliary diagnostic tools.In previous studies， frontal electroencephalography （EEG） has demonstrated significant value in assessing depressive and anxiety. However， the lack of standardized quantitative metrics and intuitive visual analytical approaches has severely restricted clinical interpretability of EEG data and diminished patient engagement. To address these key limitations， the present study proposes an innovative analytical framework that converts frontal EEG signals into quantifiable visual metrics to enhance clinical comprehension and acceptance. ObjectiveTo explore the value of frontal EEG in assessing anxiety， depression， and sleep quality in adolescents with emotional disorders， with the aim of providing objective auxiliary tools for clinical diagnosis and assessment of adolescents with emotional disorders. MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 105 adolescents aged 12-18 years who visited the outpatient department of a specialized mental hospital in Beijing from April 2023 to April 2024. All participants met the diagnostic criteria for mood （affective） disorders or anxiety disorders in the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. Frontal EEG signals were collected within a big data analytics-driven framework and further processed by EEG system to generate six quantitative cerebral function indices， namely brain load， tension and excitement， emotional stress， sleepiness index， cerebral vitality， and cerebral fatigue. In addition， validated standardized scales， including the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）， the Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， were administered for anxiety， depressive symptoms， and sleep quality， respectively. ResultsIn adolescent patients with emotional disorders， the SAS score exhibited significant positive correlations with brain load （r_s=0.328， P<0.01）， emotional stress （r_s=0.341， P<0.01）， and cerebral fatigue （r_s=0.286， P<0.01）. The SDS score was positively correlated with brain load （r_s=0.275， P<0.01）， emotional stress （r_s=0.241， P<0.05）， and cerebral fatigue （r_s=0.311， P<0.01）， while showing a significant negative correlation with cerebral vitality （r_s=-0.212， P<0.05）. Additionally， the PSQI total score demonstrated positive correlations with brain load （r_s=0.340， P<0.01）， emotional stress （r_s=0.322， P<0.01）， and cerebral fatigue （r_s=0.229， P<0.05）. ConclusionFrontal EEG-derived indices， including brain load， emotional stress， cerebral fatigue and cerebral vitality， may serve as objective markers for reflecting anxiety， depression， and sleep quality in adolescents with emotional disorders. ［Funded by Beijing High level Innovation and Entrepreneurship Talent Support Program （number， 202504841041）； Horizontal Joint Project］

BackgroundStressful life events are associated with subclinical depressive and anxious symptoms， which may increase the risk of subsequent depressive and anxiety disorders. However， the mechanisms linking stressful life events to subclinical emotional symptoms remain unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the clinical characteristics of individuals with subclinical depression and anxiety following stressful events， and to analyze the mechanisms by which stressful events affect subclinical depressive and anxious symptoms， so as to provide a reference for the early identification and intervention of emotional symptoms in individuals under stress. MethodsFrom December 2024 to April 2025， 80 individuals with subclinical depression and/or anxiety （study group） and 80 healthy controls were recruited via the online official accounts of Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University and Beijing Huilongguan Hospital， Capital Medical University. Participants completed the Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7）， the Life Event Scale （LES）， the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale （SIOSS）， and the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale （DAS）. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to examine the associations in the study group. Serial mediation analyses were conducted using model 6 of Process version 4.1， to test whether cognitive distortion and hopelessness mediated the associations of stressful life events with subclinical depressive and anxious symptoms. ResultsCompared with healthy controls， participants with subclinical depressive and anxious symptoms had higher scores on PHQ-9， GAD-7， LES， SIOSS hopelessness subscale， and DAS scores （Z/t=10.294， 9.197， 4.659， 6.918， 3.517， P<0.01）. In the study group， GAD-7 score was positively correlated with LES， DAS， and SIOSS hopelessness subscale scores （r_s=0.233， 0.465， 0.588， P<0.05）； SIOSS hopelessness subscale score was positively correlated with DAS and LES scores （r_s=0.393， 0.309， P<0.01） and cognitive distortion was positively correlated with stressful life events（r_s=0.432， P<0.01）. Stressful life events were directly associated with subclinical anxiety symptoms （β=0.040， 95% CI： 0.015–0.065， P<0.05）， and showed a significant serial indirect association with subclinical anxiety symptoms （indirect effect=0.006， 95% CI： 0.001–0.017， P<0.01）， accounting for 7.15% of the total effect. Stressful life associated with subclinical depressive symptoms （β=0.087， 95% CI： 0.060–0.115， P<0.01）， however， the indirect effect through cognitive distortion and hopelessness were not statistically significant. ConclusionAfter experiencing stressful events， individuals with subclinical depression and anxiety exhibit more pronounced cognitive distortions and hopelessness. Stressful events can both directly affect subclinical anxiety symptoms and indirectly affect them through the serial mediating effects of cognitive distortion and hopelessness. Stressful events have a direct effect on subclinical depressive symptoms， whereas the mediating effects of cognitive distortion and hopelessness are no statistically significant. ［Funded by the Training Program for the Development of High-level Public Health Technical Talents （number， Academic Leader-01-22）； www.chictr.org.cn number， ChiCTR2400093516］

Objective: To investigate the association between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) and periodontitis and to provide new epidemiologic evidence on the factors affecting periodontitis. Methods: Data on MHR, periodontitis, and other covariates were selected from the NHANES(National Health and Nutrition Examination) database for 3 cycles of subjects in 2009-2010, 2011-2012, and 2013-2014, and a total of 8 456 study subjects were included. The study participants were grouped according to the prevalence of periodontitis (presence or absence), and three regression models (unadjusted covariates, partially adjusted covariates, and fully adjusted covariates) were constructed to analyze the relationship between MHR and periodontitis by using a weighted logistic regression method with stepwise adjustment for confounders. MHR was divided into four groups from Q1 to Q4 according to quartiles from small to large for weighted trend analysis, and the nonlinear relationship between MHR (continuous) and periodontitis was analyzed using a restricted cubic spline with subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis. Results: All three logistic regression models showed a positive association between MHR and periodontitis (OR = 2.92, 95%CI: 2.14-3.99, P<0.001 (not adjusted); OR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.39-2.78, P<0.001 (partially adjusted); OR = 1.62, 95%CI: 1.10-2.39, P = 0.017 (fully adjusted)). Trend analysis showed a significantly higher risk of developing periodontitis in the Q4 group compared with the Q1 group in both single (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.58-2.33, P<0.001) and multifactorial analyses (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03-1.64, P = 0.029). Restricted cubic spline results did not support a nonlinear relationship between MHR and periodontitis (P for nonlinear>0.05), subgroup analysis showed no significant interaction between the covariates and MHR (P>0.05), and sensitivity analysis also showed a positive correlation between MHR and periodontitis (OR = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.31-2.14, P<0.001). Conclusion MHR is positively associated with the risk of developing periodontitis.

BACKGROUND:Currently,different methods of model establishment have been derived from different injury modes of spinal cord injury.Traditional physical injury modeling methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,and there is a lack of more effective and stable animal models of spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To establish a reproducible,controllable,trauma-free,low-mortality,more stable,widely applicable,and short-term postoperative care rat model of spinal cord injury. METHODS:Forty Sprague-Dawley rats with similar body mass and ages were randomly divided into a control group and an improved group,with 20 rats in each group.Animal models of spinal cord injury in the control group were constructed using a clip model method,while the improved group used a modified ligation method based on the compression method to make the spinal cord injury models using suture ligation based on fenestration.Postoperative comparisons were made between the two groups,assessing urination behavior,hematuria,pyuria(infection rate),mortality,scoliosis rate and Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores at 1,3,5,and 7 days after modeling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the conventional modeling method,the modified ligation method based on the compression method resulted in faster recovery of urination behavior,lower hematuria rate,lower infection rate,lower mortality rate,lower scoliosis rate,and more concentrated and stable Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores(all below 2 points within 1 week).This proves that the modified ligation method based on compression is more suitable for the establishment of spinal cord injury models in rats.

Objective:To investigate the effects of paclitaxel combined with Ipatasertib on the proliferation,migration and epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)SCC-9 cells in vitro.Methods:SCC-9 cells were treated with paclitaxel and Ipatasertib repectively and in combination.CCK-8 test and EdU assay were used to detect cell proliferation ca-pacity.Cellular migration was detected by Transwell and scratch method.The protein expressions of E-cad,N-cad,Vimentin,AKT and NF-κB were detected by Western blot.Results:Paclitaxel of 0.5-32 μmol/L combined with Ipatasertib of 2.5 μmol/L(IC50)showed synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SCC-9 cells,the combination of paclitaxel and ipatasertib more significantly inhibited the migration,down-regulated the protein expression of AKT,NF-κB,N-cad and Vimentin,and up-regulated the protein expression of E-cad.Conclusion:The combination of paclitaxel and Ipatasertib may have synergistic inhibitory effects on the prolif-eration,migration and EMT of OSCC cells,the function may be ralated with the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effects of paclitaxel combined with Ipatasertib on the proliferation,migration and epitheli-al-mesenchymal transition(EMT)of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)SCC-9 cells in vitro.Methods:SCC-9 cells were treated with paclitaxel and Ipatasertib repectively and in combination.CCK-8 test and EdU assay were used to detect cell proliferation ca-pacity.Cellular migration was detected by Transwell and scratch method.The protein expressions of E-cad,N-cad,Vimentin,AKT and NF-κB were detected by Western blot.Results:Paclitaxel of 0.5-32 μmol/L combined with Ipatasertib of 2.5 μmol/L(IC50)showed synergistic inhibitory effect on the proliferation of SCC-9 cells,the combination of paclitaxel and ipatasertib more significantly inhibited the migration,down-regulated the protein expression of AKT,NF-κB,N-cad and Vimentin,and up-regulated the protein expression of E-cad.Conclusion:The combination of paclitaxel and Ipatasertib may have synergistic inhibitory effects on the prolif-eration,migration and EMT of OSCC cells,the function may be ralated with the inhibition of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of CD147 on differentiation of circulating fibrocytes and its pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic function.Methods:Circulating fibrocytes were extracted from peripheral blood of asthma patients,stimu-lated with CD147,and intervened with CD147 antagonist AP-9 or p38/MAPK inhibitor SB203580.Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method,cell migration was assessed by Transwell method,expressions of collagen type Ⅰ(COL-Ⅰ),CD45 and α-SMA were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Levels of cytokines such as TGF-β1,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were detected by ELISA,and expression levels of COL-Ⅰ,fibronectin(FN),α-SMA,p-TAK1,p-P38 and other proteins were detected by Western blot.Results:Low dose of CD147 increased cell viability of circulating fibrocytes.CD147 significantly promoted migration of circulating fibrocytes and induces their differentiation into myofibrocytes.CD147 significantly increased secretion of cytokines such as TGF-β1,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in circulating fibrocytes.CD147 significantly increased expressions of COL-Ⅰ,FN,α-SMA,p-TAK1,p-P38 in circulating fibrocytes.AP-9 or SB203580 significantly inhibited effect of CD147 on circulating fibrocytes.Conclusion:CD147 can promote proliferation,mi-gration,differentiation and pro-inflammatory and profibrotic function of circulating fibrocytes in vitro,and TAK1-p38/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in CD147-mediated regulation of circulating fibrocytes.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of CD147 on differentiation of circulating fibrocytes and its pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic function.Methods:Circulating fibrocytes were extracted from peripheral blood of asthma patients,stimu-lated with CD147,and intervened with CD147 antagonist AP-9 or p38/MAPK inhibitor SB203580.Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method,cell migration was assessed by Transwell method,expressions of collagen type Ⅰ(COL-Ⅰ),CD45 and α-SMA were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Levels of cytokines such as TGF-β1,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 were detected by ELISA,and expression levels of COL-Ⅰ,fibronectin(FN),α-SMA,p-TAK1,p-P38 and other proteins were detected by Western blot.Results:Low dose of CD147 increased cell viability of circulating fibrocytes.CD147 significantly promoted migration of circulating fibrocytes and induces their differentiation into myofibrocytes.CD147 significantly increased secretion of cytokines such as TGF-β1,IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 in circulating fibrocytes.CD147 significantly increased expressions of COL-Ⅰ,FN,α-SMA,p-TAK1,p-P38 in circulating fibrocytes.AP-9 or SB203580 significantly inhibited effect of CD147 on circulating fibrocytes.Conclusion:CD147 can promote proliferation,mi-gration,differentiation and pro-inflammatory and profibrotic function of circulating fibrocytes in vitro,and TAK1-p38/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in CD147-mediated regulation of circulating fibrocytes.

Objective To explore the impact of insomnia status in university students on cognitive flexi-bility.Methods The cluster sampling method was adopted.A total of 802 undergraduates in a university of Chongqing conducted the questionnaire survey by cognitive flexibility inventory(CFI)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI).A total of 770 effective questionnaires were recovered.Sixty-six university student vol-unteers were recruited as the study subjects.The subjects with the PSQI≥8 points and being in insomnia state after interview served as the insomnia group(n=28)and the subjects with the PSQI＜8 points and not being in insomnia state after interview served as the control group(n=38).The study subjects all participated in behavioral study(adopting the number-letter transition task assesses the cognitive flexibility of the subjects).The differences in the reaction time,accuracy rate and switching cost were compared between the two groups.Results The total scores of CFI and PSQI in the university students group were(70.43±12.85)points and(6.37±3.29)points,respectively.The detection rate of insomnia was 33.77％(260/770).The CFI score in in-somnia individual was significantly lower than that in the sleep normal individual,and the difference was sta-tistically significant[(68.15±11.65)points vs.(71.59±13.28)points,P＜0.05].The Spearman partial correlation analysis indicated that the cognitive flexibility was negatively correlated with the PSQI total score(r=-0.22),subjective sleep quality(r=-0.22),sleep latency(r=-0.12),sleep disorders(r=-0.16),hypnotic drug use(r=-0.14)and daytime dysfunction(r=-0.16).The average reaction time,reaction time for repeat trials,reaction time for switch trials and switching cost in the insomnia group were longer than those in the control group,the CFI score and switch trial accuracy rate were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The cognitive flexibility of the university students with insomnia is lower than that of the university students with normal sleep.The insom-nia status should be intervened.

Objective To explore the relationship between alterations of neural network plasticity and spatial learning and memory functions in mouse models with depression-like behaviors.Methods C57Thy1-YFP/GAD67-GFP mice were randomized into control group(with no treatment)and chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS)group(n=15)subjected to CUMS for 8 weeks.Depression-like behaviors of the mice were assessed using sucrose preference test,open field test,and forced swimming test,and their spatial learning and memory abilities were evaluated using Morris water maze test.The changes in the firing patterns of different neuronal subtypes were detected in the central nucleus of the amygdala(CeA)and the prelimbic cortex(PrL)using whole-cell patch-clamp technique.Results Compared with the control mice,CUMS mice showed significantly decreased sucrose preference,total distance moved,number of grid-crossings,entries into the central area,and time spent in the central area in the open field test(P<0.01).In the forced swimming test,CUMS mice exhibited obviously shortened time of struggling,swimming,and climbing with increased immobility time.In Morris water maze test,CUMS mice showed significantly increased escape latency and path length,decreased percentage of distance and swimming time within the target quadrant,and increased first entry latency into the target zone and swimming time within the opposite quadrant.Exposure to CUMS resulted in significantly enhanced energy barrier and increased absolute refractory period and inter-spike interval of glutamatergic neurons in the CeA and GABAergic neurons in the PrL,while the opposite changes were observed in GABAergic neurons in the CeA and glutamatergic neurons in the PrL.Conclusion CUMS-induced depression may lead to plastic changes in the excitatory and inhibitory neuronal networks within the CeA and PrL to cause impairment of spatial learning and memory abilities in mice.