ObjectiveTo explore the effects of Jingui Shenqiwan （JSW） and Liuwei Dihuangwan （LDW） on the reproductive ability and brain function of normal mice and compare the actions of the two medications. MethodsSeven groups of female and male mice were divided at a ratio of 2∶1. Except for the control group， the other six groups were as follows： a group of both males and females receiving JSW （3.0 g·kg^-1）， a group of both males and females receiving LDW （4.5 g·kg^-1）， a group of males receiving water and females receiving JSW， a group of males receiving water while females receiving LDW， a group of females receiving water while males receiving JSW， and a group of females receiving water while males receiving LDW. Each group was administered the drug for 14 days and then caged together at a 2∶1 （female∶male） ratio to detect the number of pregnant mice and calculate the pregnancy rate. Pregnant mice continued receiving the drug until they naturally gave birth， which was followed by the observation of newborn mice， calculation of their average number， and the measurement of the offspring's preference for sugar water and neonatal recognition index. At the end of the experiment， the weights of the thymus and spleen were measured to calculate the organ coefficients， and mRNA or protein expression was analyzed in the brain and testes or ovaries. A 1% sucrose solution was used to examine the euphoria of their brain reward systems， while novel object recognition test （NOR） was applied to assess their memory capabilities. mRNA expression was detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） assay， and protein expression was analyzed with Western blot. ResultsCompared with the control group， oral administration of JSW to both male and female mice for 14 days significantly increased the pregnancy rate of female mice on day 2 after being caged together （P<0.05）， while LDW showed a trend but no statistical significance. Additionally， compared with the control group， JSW could upregulate the gene expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone （GnRH） in the thalamus， as well as reproductive stem cell factor （SCF） and tyrosine kinase receptor （c-Kit） in the testes and reproductive stem cell marker mouse vasa homologue （MVH） in the ovaries， upregulate the expression of proteins influencing neuronal functional activity， such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）， in hippocampal neurons （P<0.05）， and enhance sucrose preference in male mice （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， JSW significantly increased sucrose preference and novel object recognition index in offspring mice （P<0.05）， which was related to the upregulation of hippocampal dopamine D1 receptor （D1R） and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor （Nmdar） gene expression. Compared with the control group， both JSW and LDW could upregulate the protein expression of glucocorticoid receptor （GR）， BDNF， and tyrosine kinase receptor B （TrkB） in the hippocampus of offspring mice （P<0.05）. ConclusionJSW significantly enhances the reproductive ability of normal mice， which is not only related to the release of gonadotropin but also associated with its regulation of brain function. Additionally， JSW has a certain regulatory effect on the brain function of the offspring mice.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. in improving sleep. METHODS Network pharmacology was employed to identify the active components of L. ruthenicum and their associated disease targets， followed by enrichment analysis. A caffeine‑induced zebrafish model of sleep deprivation was established ， and the zebrafish were treated with L. ruthenicum Murr. extract （LRME） at concentrations of 0.1， 0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL， respectively； 24 h later， behavioral changes of zebrafish and pathological alterations in brain neurons were subsequently observed. The levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， IL-10， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）]， oxidative stress markers [superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）， glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px）， catalase （CAT）]， and neurotransmitters [5- hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， γ-aminobutyric acid （GABA）， glutamic acid （Glu）， dopamine （DA）， and norepinephrine （NE）] were measured. The protein expression levels of protein kinase B1 （AKT1）， phosphorylated AKT1 （p-AKT1）， epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， B-cell lymphoma 2 （Bcl-2）， sarcoma proto-oncogene，non-receptor tyrosine kinase （SRC）， and heat shock protein 90α family class A member 1 （HSP90AA1） in the zebrafish were also determined. RESULTS A total of 12 active components and 176 intersecting disease targets were identified through network pharmacology analysis. Among these， apigenin， naringenin and others were recognized as core active compounds， while AKT1， EGFR and others served as key targets； EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway was identified as the critical pathway. The sleep improvement rates in zebrafish of LRME low-， medium-， and high-dose groups were 54.60%， 69.03% and 77.97%， 开发。E-mail：hjp_yft@163.com respectively， while the inhibition ratios of locomotor distance were 0.57， 0.83 and 0.95， respectively. Compared with the model group， the number of resting counts， resting time and resting distance were significantly increased/extended in LRME medium- and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. Neuronal damage in the brain was alleviated. Additionally， the levels of IL-6， IL-1β， TNF-α， MDA， Glu， DA and NE， as well as the protein expression levels of AKT1， p-AKT1， EGFR， SRC and HSP90AA1， were markedly reduced （P＜0.05）， while the levels of IL-10， SOD， GSH-Px， CAT， 5-HT and GABA， as well as Bcl-2 protein expression， were significantly elevated （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS L. ruthenicum Murr. demonstrates sleep-improving effects， and its specific mechanism may be related to the regulation of inflammatory responses， oxidative stress， neurotransmitter balance， and the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of pediatric medicines with priority review and approval for marketing in China， providing a reference for promoting enterprise R&D and production， as well as improving the supply guarantee mechanism for pediatric medicines. METHODS Based on publicly available data sources such as List of Approved Information for Pediatric Medications Subject to Priority Review and Approval， Pharnexcloud biomedical database， and National Medical Insurance Drug Directory， this study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the main characteristics of pediatric medicines with priority review and approval for marketing. RESULTS As of June 30， 2024， a total of 68 pediatric medicines had been approved through the priority review and approval process， covering 12 therapeutic areas， with oral dosage forms accounting for 64.71%. The median time from application to inclusion in priority review was 35.50 days， with an average of 41.69 days. The median time from inclusion in priority review to market approval was 1.24 years， with an average of 1.42 years. This included 12 domestic new medicines， 21 domestic generic medicines， 35 imported medicines， as well as 29 pediatric-specific medicines and 21 orphan medicines. Additionally， 31 of these medicines had been included in the medical insurance catalog， representing a proportion of 45.59%. CONCLUSIONS Currently， a trend of differentiated competition is emerging between domestic and imported pediatric medicines. The therapeutic areas for pediatric medicines are continuously expanding， and the dosage forms are becoming more tailored to children’s needs. However， there are still issues such as slow progress in new medicine development， insufficient stability in the medicine review and approval process， and a need to increase the proportion of medicines included in medical insurance.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate risk prediction models for chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in breast cancer， and provide a scientific reference for clinical healthcare workers in selecting or developing effective predictive models. METHODS A systematic search was conducted for studies on predictive models of the risk of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in breast cancer across the CNKI， VIP， Wanfang， PubMed， Web of Science， Cochrane Library， Embase， and Scopus databases， with a time frame of the establishment of the database to May 7， 2024. Literature was independently screened by 2 investigators， data were extracted according to critical appraisal and data extraction for systematic reviews of predictive model studies， and the risk of bias evaluation tool for predictive model studies was used to analyze the risk of bias and applicability of the included studies. RESULTS There were totally 7 studies， comprising 12 models. Among them， 11 models indicated an area under the subject operating characteristic curve of 0.600-0.908； 2 models indicated calibration. The common predictor variables of the included models were age， pre-chemotherapy neutrophil count， pre-chemotherapy lymphocyte count， and pre-chemotherapy albumin. The overall risk of bias of the 7 studies was high， which was mainly attributed to the flaws in the study design， insufficient sample sizes， inappropriate treatment of variables， non-reporting of missing data， and the lack of indicators for the assessment of the models， but the applicability was good. CONCLUSIONS The predictive performance of risk predictive models for chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in breast cancer remains to be further enhanced， and the overall risk of model bias is high. Future studies should follow the specifications of model development and reporting， then combine machine learning algorithms to develop risk predictive models with good predictive performance， high stability， and low risk of bias， so as to provide a decision-making basis for the clinic.

Objective: To explore the association between vitamin D levels and sleep in children and adolescents，so as to provide a reference for promoting the sleep health of children and adolescents. Methods: From October to December, 2021, 4 827 primary and middle school students aged 6-17 in Shenzhen were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method, and their demographic information, family background, lifestyle and sleep status were obtained by facetoface questionnaire survey, and their fasting venous blood in the morning was collected to detect the serum 25(OH)D level. The relationship between serum vitamin D level and sleep characteristics was analyzed by binary Logistic regression, and stratified analysis was carried out according to gender. Results: The proportion of vitamin D deficiency was 41.1%, and the proportion of sleep deficiency was 19.4%. With the increase of vitamin D level, daily sleep duration of children and adolescents tended to increase (r=0.10,P<0.01). After adjusting for covariates such as gender and age, it was found that children and adolescents with insufficient vitamin D levels were more likely to experience sleep insufficiency, social jetlag, and late sleep on weekdays, with ORs being 1.32(95%CI=1.12-1.56), 1.35(95%CI=1.19-1.54), and 1.26(95%CI=1.05-1.52)(P<0.05). Sexstratified analysis showed that, among boys, vitamin D deficiency was associated with sleep deficiency, social jetlag, and late bedtime on weekdays and weekends[OR(95%CI)=1.42(1.14-1.77),1.25(1.04-1.49),1.39(1.06-1.82),1.86(1.19-2.92),P<0.05]. In girls, however, serum vitamin D levels were only associated with social jetlag with OR being 1.47 (95%CI=1.21-1.79, P<0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D levels are associated with various sleep characteristics in children and adolescents, with this association being more pronounced among boys.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism of gossypol acetic acid （GAA） in the treatment of uterine fibroids. METHODS Human leiomyoma cells SK-UT-1 were selected as objects to investigate the effects of different concentrations （5， 10， 20， 40， 80， 160 μmol/L） of GAA on the activities of cell proliferation. 4D-DIA proteomic detection and bioinformatics analysis were carried out to screen differential proteins. Gene ontology （GO） analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） signaling pathway analysis were performed. The expressions of top 3 proteins [N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 （NDRG1）， epidermal growth factor receptor feedback inhibitor 1 （ERRFI1）， CXC chemokine ligand 3 （CXCL3）] with differential fold changes in SK-UT-1 cells were determined. RESULTS 10-160 μmol/L GAA could significantly reduce the survival rate of SK- UT-1 cells （P＜0.05）. Proteomics results showed that a total of 921 differentially expressed proteins were obtained， including 254 up-regulated proteins and 667 down-regulated proteins. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly distributed in mitochondria， nucleus， extracellular matrix， etc. Bioinformatics results showed that differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT （phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B）， MAPK （mitogen-activated protein kinase）， TNF （tumor necrosis factor）， etc.， which mainly involved cell apoptosis， aging， and movement. GAA significantly decreased protein expressions of NDRG1 and CXCL3 （P＜0.05）， but increased protein expression of ERRFI1 （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The improvement effect of GAA on uterine fibroids may involve signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT， MAPK， TNF， etc. It can improve the occurrence and development of uterine fibroids by downregulating the expressions of NDRG1 and CXCL3 proteins， upregulating the expression of ERRFI1 protein， and affecting the proliferation and apoptosis of uterine fibroid cells.

To investigate the clinical features and peripheral blood immune cell subsets ofelderly (≥60 years old) onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA) patients.

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease characterized by synovial inflammation, cartilage loss. Often manifesting as joint pain and limited mobility, it severely affects the quality of life of patients. Traditional treatment methods such as pharmacological injections and surgical interventions primarily aim to alleviate symptoms but have limited effects on cartilage repair. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs), due to their anti-inflammatory and chondrogenic capabilities, is considered a new hope for the treatment of KOA. This article synthesizes the latest research findings from both domestic and international sources to discuss the theoretical basis for the clinical application of hUC-MSCs in treating KOA, clinical study design, and efficacy evaluation. It also addresses the challenges in the clinical application of hUC-MSCs and explores future directions, in the hope of providing feasible theoretical support for the treatment of KOA with hUC-MSCs.

Objective To construct an optimal prediction model of chickenpox in Urumqi, and to provide reference for formulating the prevention and control strategies of chickenpox. Methods The multivariate autoregressive moving average model (ARIMAX) and random forest model (RF) were established based on the monthly incidence of chickenpox in Urumqi from 2014 to 2018, and the monthly incidence of chickenpox in 2019 was used to test the models and evaluate their prediction effect. The prediction performance of the two models was compared, and the best model was selected to predict the incidence of chickenpox in Urumqi. Results The incidence of chickenpox in Urumqi showed a regular bimodal distribution with obvious seasonality, and it showed a slow upward trend from July 2014 to December 2019. The fitting model was ARIMA(0,1,0)(0,1,1)₁₂, the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of ARIMAX model training set were 1.29 and 0.95, respectively, and the RMSE and MAE of the test set were 1.88 and 1.44, respectively. The training set RMSE and MAE of RF model were 1.56 and 1.56, respectively, and the test set RMSE and MAE were 4.83 and 3.96, respectively. Conclusion The performance of ARIMAX model is better than that of RF model, which can better predict the incidence trend of chickenpox in Urumqi. It is necessary to optimize the prediction model according to the actual situation and provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of chickenpox.

Corneal alkali burns are a common form of corneal trauma, and their treatment has been a challenge in ophthalmology. Traditional treatments include anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and corneal transplantation, with limited results. This review focuses on the research progress of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and their derived extracellular vesicles(MSCs-EVs)in the treatment of corneal alkali burns. MSCs have the ability of self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulation, and the MSCs-EVs inherit its function from MSCs. MSCs-EVs inherit the functions of MSCs and has lower immunogenicity and better biocompatibility, which provides a new avenue for ophthalmic treatment. In addition, bioscaffolds are used as scaffolds or drug delivery systems in tissue engineering to promote tissue regeneration due to their excellent biocompatibility and degradability. This article reviews the mechanism of action and research progress of MSCs-EVs and combined bioscaffolds in the treatment of corneal alkali burns, and explores their potential in promoting the repair of corneal alkali burns and improving vision. These findings provide new strategies for the treatment of corneal alkali burns and are expected to improve the prognosis of patients.