Quality control (QC) of biospecimens from oral and maxillofacial tumors patients constitutes a critical foundation for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and precision medicine research of these diseases. Biospecimen quality directly governs the discovery and validation of disease biomarkers, the elucidation of pathogenesis, and the efficacy of clinical translation. QC spans the entire biospecimen lifecycle—encompassing collection, processing, storage, transportation, and utilization. Its primary objectives are to ensure sample integrity, reliability, traceability, and consistency, thereby guaranteeing the robustness of research data; the accuracy of molecular subtyping, biomarker identification, and treatment response prediction; and the precision of clinical decision-making. However, current QC frameworks for these biospecimens remain underdeveloped. Drawing on domestic and international technical standards, regulatory guidelines, and recent research advances, this paper elaborates on the importance of implementing a QC management system throughout the biospecimen lifecycle. It focuses on QC methodologies tailored to diverse biospecimen types, examining how standardized sampling procedures, regulated preprocessing workflows, and optimized long-term storage conditions influence sample quality. We aim to provide concrete guidance and a transferable paradigm for establishing standardized QC protocols and an informatics-enabled traceability system specific to oral and maxillofacial tumors. Such efforts are intended to enhance the research value and clinical utility of these biospecimens, furnishing reliable sample resources and technical support for the development of precision diagnostics and therapeutics. Furthermore, we advocate for a dual-track “QC plus Ethics” management framework within biobanks. This approach would reinforce ethical and legal safeguards, establishing a robust barrier to support safe scientific innovation and clinical translation.

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Objective:To explore the impact of early postoperative hypocaloric parenteral nutrition on perioperative infectious complications in patients undergoing hepatectomy for primary hepatic carcinoma.Methods:The data of 205 patients who underwent hepatectomy for primary hepatic carcinoma in the Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between February 2020 and December 2022 were collected by a single center prospective cohort study. The patients were divided into a hypocaloric group ( n=108) and a normal calorie group ( n=97) based on whether they received hypocaloric parenteral nutrition within 72 hours postoperatively. The influence of early parenteral nutrition caloric on perioperative infectious complications was analyzed. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation ( ± s) and compared using t-test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were expressed as M( Q1, Q3) and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Comparison of categorical data was performed using the chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test. To adjust for confounding factors, patients were grouped for comparison based on whether they experienced infectious complications within the 30-day postoperative follow-up period. Factors that may influence postoperative infectious complications were first analyzed using univariate analysis, and variables with statistical significance were then included in multivariate analysis. Results:A total of 82 patients experiencing infectious complications, resulting in an incidence rate of 40.0%. Patients in the hypocaloric parenteral nutrition group had significantly lower rates of hyperglycemic events (17.6% vs 29.9%, P=0.038) and gastrointestinal reactions (12.0% vs 22.7%, P=0.043) compared to the normal calorie parenteral nutrition group, with no intergroup differences in other nutrition-related complications. Univariate analysis results revealed that hypocaloric parenteral nutrition, hepatocellular carcinoma, malnutrition assessed by the GLIM criteria, open surgery, major hepatectomy, perioperative hyperglycemic events, and the presence of pleural or ascitic fluid were potential influencing factors for the occurrence of infectious complications ( P<0.05). Multivariate analysis results suggested that malnutrition ( OR=2.707, 95% CI: 1.153-6.354, P=0.022), open surgery ( OR=2.103, 95% CI: 1.073-4.122, P=0.030), perioperative hyperglycemic events ( OR=2.630, 95% CI: 1.228-5.631, P=0.013), and the presence of pleural or ascitic fluid ( OR=2.714, 95% CI: 1.388-5.306, P=0.004) were risk factors for perioperative infectious complications in patients undergoing hepatectomy for primary hepatic carcinoma, while early postoperative hypocaloric parenteral nutrition ( OR=0.388, 95% CI: 0.199-0.757, P=0.006) was a protective factor. Conclusion:For patients undergoing hepatectomy for primary hepatic carcinoma, early postoperative hypocaloric parenteral nutrition may reduce the incidence of perioperative infectious complications compared to normal caloric parenteral nutrition, thereby improving patient clinical outcomes.

Background/Aims: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is widely accepted as a radical surgery for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Definite results on the appropriate pouch length for an evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio regarding technical complications and long-term quality of life (QOL) are still scarce. Methods: Data on UC patients who underwent IPAA from 2008 to 2022 in four well-established pouch centers affiliated to China UC Pouch Center Union were collected. Results: A total of 208 patients with a median follow-up time of 6.0 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 9.0 years) were enrolled. The median lengths of the patients’ short and long pouches were 14.0 cm (interquartile range, 14.0 to 15.0 cm) and 22.0 cm (interquartile range, 20.0 to 24.0 cm), respectively. Patients with a short J pouch configuration were less likely to achieve significantly improved long-term QOL (p=0.015) and were prone to develop late postoperative complications (p=0.042), such as increased defecation frequency (p=0.003) and pouchitis (p=0.035). A short ileal pouch was an independent risk factor for the development of late postoperative complications (odds ratio, 3.100; 95% confidence interval, 1.519 to 6.329; p=0.002) and impaired longterm QOL improvement (odds ratio, 2.221; 95% confidence interval, 1.218 to 4.050, p=0.009). Conclusions The length of the J pouch was associated with the improvement in long-term QOL and the development of late post-IPAA complications. A long J pouch configuration could be a considerable surgical option for pouch construction.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oral and facial pain disorder characterized by burning pain in the oral mucosa, with multiple pathogenic factors including psychosocial, neuropathological, endocrine, and immune factors. There is still a lack of effective treatment options that have been demonstrated to work. With the development of research on the pathogenesis and treatment of BMS, multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment has gradually been introduced and become a new trend of diagnosis and treatment. Before multidisciplinary treatment, it is necessary to go through a full and comprehensive diagnosis and analysis, select the best comprehensive treatment plan, take the diagnosis and treatment of stomatology as the basis and premise, and apply other multidisciplinary combined treatment, including the treatment of concurrent diseases, psychological interventions, correction of bad habits, etc. A combination of laser therapy and psychological intervention is a more effective treatment method among the current treatment methods, with high comfort and good acceptance by patients. If necessary, mecobalamin tablets, clonazepam α-lipoic acid and other drugs can be used to nourish nerves and provide symptomatic treatment. The comprehensive multidisciplinary treatment of BMS is expected to become a new trend and provide a new strategy for improving the therapeutic effect.

Objective:To understand the incidence of sleep disorder in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients before antiviral therapy, and to explore its risk factors.Methods:200 newly treated HIV/AIDS patients who visited the Eighth Affiliated City Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January to June 2016 were randomly selected. According to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), they were divided into a good sleep group and a Sleep disorder group; The influencing factors of sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The incidence of Sleep disorder in 200 HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral therapy was 22.5%(45/200); CD4 + T cell count was (414.13±202.16)/μl; 29%(58/200) of patients had CD4 + T cell counts<200/μl. There were significant differences in CD4 + T cell count and the proportion of patients with syphilis infection, comorbidity anxiety and comorbidity depression between the good sleep group and the Sleep disorder group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that syphilis infection ( OR=4.606; 95% CI: 1.973-10.752; P<0.001), comorbidity anxiety ( OR=2.496; 95% CI: 1.086-5.737; P=0.031) and comorbidity depression ( OR=2.087; 95% CI: 0.915-4.760; P=0.040) were risk factors for sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral treatment. Conclusions:The incidence of Sleep disorder in HIV/AIDS patients before antiviral therapy in Guangzhou is high, especially in patients with syphilis infection, comorbidity anxiety and comorbidity depression. The sleep disorder of HIV/AIDS patients should be assessed and detected early, and multiple interventions should be taken to improve sleep quality.

Objective:To investigate the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and the risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in middle-aged and older individuals with diabetes.Methods:Based on the Shanghai Nicheng Cohort Study database, the data of 1 255 individuals with diabetes aged 55-70 years at baseline (2013-2014) with complete fundus photographs and serum cholesterol data in Nicheng, Shanghai, were analyzed. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to evaluate risk ratios ( RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals ( CIs) between baseline RC level and incident DR. Results:The median age of the subjects was 61.9 years, and 60.4% were women. After a 4.6-year follow-up, 79 (6.3%) patients developed DR, including 50 (4.0%) mild non-proliferative DR and 29 (2.3%) referable DR (RDR). Multivariable logistic regression showed that each mmol/L increase of RC was associated with a 40% higher risk of RDR ( RR=1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90). Compared with the lowest tertile of RC (<0.63 mmol/L), the risk of RDR in the highest tertile (≥0.85 mmol/L) increased by 4.59 times ( RR=5.59, 95% CI 1.51-20.73). Conclusion:The RC level may help identify individuals at high risk of incident RDR in middle-aged and older Chinese adults with diabetes.

Digital guided therapy (DGT) has been advocated as a contemporary computer-aided technique for treating endodontic diseases in recent decades. The concept of DGT for endodontic diseases is categorized into static guided endodontics (SGE), necessitating a meticulously designed template, and dynamic guided endodontics (DGE), which utilizes an optical triangulation tracking system. Based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images superimposed with or without oral scan (OS) data, a virtual template is crafted through software and subsequently translated into a 3-dimensional (3D) printing for SGE, while the system guides the drilling path with a real-time navigation in DGE. DGT was reported to resolve a series of challenging endodontic cases, including teeth with pulp obliteration, teeth with anatomical abnormalities, teeth requiring retreatment, posterior teeth needing endodontic microsurgery, and tooth autotransplantation. Case reports and basic researches all demonstrate that DGT stand as a precise, time-saving, and minimally invasive approach in contrast to conventional freehand method. This expert consensus mainly introduces the case selection, general workflow, evaluation, and impact factor of DGT, which could provide an alternative working strategy in endodontic treatment.
Humans ; Consensus ; Endodontics/methods* ; Tooth ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Dental Care ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Root Canal Therapy

With the growing influence of slow population growth and population aging, China has established the birth policy and issued a series of documents to promote maternal and fetal health and improve the birth rate. With the increase in prevalence of birth defects, timely diagnosis and intervention in utero provide possibilities to reduce unnecessary abortions and offer better prognosis. Congenital heart disease (CHD), as one of the most common congenital birth defects, is the leading cause of mortality in patients aged <5 years, and brings a heavy burden to both the affected families and society. Fetuses with CHD are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications and premature birth, and children with CHD typically face growth and developmental problems even after the correction of malformation. Therefore, management including diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation throughout the fetal period into childhood and even adulthood is essential for children with CHD. Based on the rapid advances in intrauterine and perinatal medicine and an in-depth collaboration among obstetrics and pediatrics, a novel diagnosis and treatment system has been established for the management of CHD in the past 2 decades in Shanghai Xinhua Hospital. This Intrauterine Diagnosis and Treatment System and Comprehensive Lifecycle Health Service of Congenital Heart Disease model provides prenatal diagnosis, intrauterine intervention, delivery room service and neonatal therapies, and postintrauterine rehabilitation for children with CHD. We have developed a four-dimensional spatiotemporal image correlation echocardiography and a three-dimensional cardiac virtual endoscopy system for the intrauterine diagnosis of CHD, dramatically raising the diagnostic utility. Our innovative and independent newborn-intervention technique has effectively reduced the re-intervention rate in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and critical pulmonary stenosis. In 2018, Xinhua Hospital independently performed the case of fetal aortic valvuloplasty in Asia through a multidepartment collaborative effort. All children treated in this system achieved biventricular circulation and a better long-term postoperative outcome. We also have conducted postoperative rehabilitation therapy to promote the development and health of children with CHD. The practice of Xinhua model has reduced unnecessary abortion of CHD fetuses, reduced the mortality rate associated with critical CHD, and improved the mid- and long-term prognosis in CHD, which is essential to promote the fertility level and children’s health. Furthermore, translational medicine platform and the birth cohort Early Life Plan was constructed to explore the origins of major developmental diseases and establish an early intervention model in CHD. This practice of assessment of the intrauterine system has been expanded to other congenital defects in Xinhua Hospital, and sequential treatment of more than 2,000 cases has been completed to date. Based on practice in intrauterine management of CHD and other diseases, the concept of Intrauterine Pediatrics was proposed as a first to emphasize early prevention and intervention of childhood diseases and promote a comprehensive lifecycle service for children. The development and evolution of this system requires further attention not only from researchers but also from the government and global medical communities.

With the growing influence of slow population growth and population aging, China has established the birth policy and issued a series of documents to promote maternal and fetal health and improve the birth rate. With the increase in prevalence of birth defects, timely diagnosis and intervention in utero provide possibilities to reduce unnecessary abortions and offer better prognosis. Congenital heart disease (CHD), as one of the most common congenital birth defects, is the leading cause of mortality in patients aged <5 years, and brings a heavy burden to both the affected families and society. Fetuses with CHD are associated with an increased risk of pregnancy-related complications and premature birth, and children with CHD typically face growth and developmental problems even after the correction of malformation. Therefore, management including diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation throughout the fetal period into childhood and even adulthood is essential for children with CHD. Based on the rapid advances in intrauterine and perinatal medicine and an in-depth collaboration among obstetrics and pediatrics, a novel diagnosis and treatment system has been established for the management of CHD in the past 2 decades in Shanghai Xinhua Hospital. This Intrauterine Diagnosis and Treatment System and Comprehensive Lifecycle Health Service of Congenital Heart Disease model provides prenatal diagnosis, intrauterine intervention, delivery room service and neonatal therapies, and postintrauterine rehabilitation for children with CHD. We have developed a four-dimensional spatiotemporal image correlation echocardiography and a three-dimensional cardiac virtual endoscopy system for the intrauterine diagnosis of CHD, dramatically raising the diagnostic utility. Our innovative and independent newborn-intervention technique has effectively reduced the re-intervention rate in patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and critical pulmonary stenosis. In 2018, Xinhua Hospital independently performed the case of fetal aortic valvuloplasty in Asia through a multidepartment collaborative effort. All children treated in this system achieved biventricular circulation and a better long-term postoperative outcome. We also have conducted postoperative rehabilitation therapy to promote the development and health of children with CHD. The practice of Xinhua model has reduced unnecessary abortion of CHD fetuses, reduced the mortality rate associated with critical CHD, and improved the mid- and long-term prognosis in CHD, which is essential to promote the fertility level and children’s health. Furthermore, translational medicine platform and the birth cohort Early Life Plan was constructed to explore the origins of major developmental diseases and establish an early intervention model in CHD. This practice of assessment of the intrauterine system has been expanded to other congenital defects in Xinhua Hospital, and sequential treatment of more than 2,000 cases has been completed to date. Based on practice in intrauterine management of CHD and other diseases, the concept of Intrauterine Pediatrics was proposed as a first to emphasize early prevention and intervention of childhood diseases and promote a comprehensive lifecycle service for children. The development and evolution of this system requires further attention not only from researchers but also from the government and global medical communities.