Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of thermal tomography in breast cancer (BC) screening. Methods We conducted a general population-based BC screening in three regions of Hubei Province (Xiantao, Hongan, and Yangxin Districts). Participants underwent a questionnaire-based interview for baseline data collection. They then received a physical examination, thermal tomography, and ultrasound from doctors and technicians. We compared the efficacies, including sensitivity, specificity, and false-positive rates, of ultrasound and thermal tomography in BC screening. Results A total of 59 712 eligible women were included in this screening program. The BI-RADS 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 accordance rates between the two screening methods were 0.9549, 0.8047, 0.9037, 0.3352, and 0, respectively. The overall accordance rate was 0.933 1. The kappa consistency results showed that the Cicchetti-Allison and Fleiss-Cohen kappa values were 0.7970 and 0.8583, respectively. Although the two methods had equal sensitivities, specificity was higher in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The false-positive rate was lower in thermal tomography than in ultrasound. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of thermal tomography was significantly larger than that of ultrasound. Conclusion The general consistency between thermal tomography and ultrasound in BC screening was high. Thermal tomography outperformed ultrasound in terms of specificity and diagnostic efficiency. Therefore, thermal tomography has a high application value for general population-based BC screening.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the expression of lysosomal-associated membrane protein 5 (LAMP5) and microRNA (miR)-302a-3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their functional mechanism on the invasion and metastasis of OSCC. METHODS: The expression of LAMP5 in OSCC and its sensitivity as a prognostic indicator were analyzed on the basis of The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Western blot, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and cell immunocytochemistry were used to detect the expression of LAMP5 in OSCC tissues and cells. The effect of LAMP5 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells was evaluated through cell counting kit-8, immunocytochemistry, migration, and invasion assays, respectively. The miRNA targeting prediction websites were used to predict the miR that regulates LAMP5 and verify the targeted regulatory effect of miR-302a-3p on LAMP5. The effect of LAMP5 knockdown on OSCC tumor growth was evaluated in a nude mouse tumorigenesis model. RESULTS: LAMP5 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cells. It showed high sensitivity in the early diagnosis of OSCC. LAMP5 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells, whereas LAMP5 overexpression increased these cell activities. The expression of LAMP5 was regulated by miR-302a-3p. In vivo, LAMP5 knockdown significantly inhibited the growth of OSCC tumor. CONCLUSIONS LAMP5 promotes the malignant progression of OSCC by enhancing the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. The expression of LAMP5 is negatively regulated by miR-302a-3p.
MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Humans ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Cell Proliferation ; Mice, Nude ; Cell Movement ; Lysosomal Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Mice ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Objective To summarize experience of anti-cancer drug management for clinical trials,and to explore a more efficient and standardized management model of anti-cancer drugs used in clinical trials.Methods Based on our current work in central pharmacy,the particularity and complexity of anti-cancer drug management for clinical trials were analyzed.In the meantime,we identified high-risk parts in the drug management process.Based on those risks,feasible measures were taken and presented in detail.Results Management of anti-cancer drugs used in clinical trials has its characteristics,such as long cycle,low error-tolerant rate,closed-loop model,etc.Recognizing these representative high-risk parts during the trials and making responses,including standardization of drug management records and disposition of drugs and packaging returned by subjects,should be achieved as soon as possible.Conclusion Establishing and observing strict rules and regulations,improving the hardware and software performance of the central pharmacy as well as implementing risk-based drug management is beneficial to conduct clinical trials normatively.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting both upper and lower motor neurons (MNs) with large unmet medical needs. Multiple pathological mechanisms are considered to contribute to the progression of ALS, including neuronal oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Honokiol (HNK) has been reported to exert therapeutic effects in several neurologic disease models including ischemia stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Here we found that honokiol also exhibited protective effects in ALS disease models both in vitro and in vivo. Honokiol improved the viability of NSC-34 motor neuron-like cells that expressed the mutant G93A SOD1 proteins (SOD1-G93A cells for short). Mechanistical studies revealed that honokiol alleviated cellular oxidative stress by enhancing glutathione (GSH) synthesis and activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. Also, honokiol improved both mitochondrial function and morphology via fine-tuning mitochondrial dynamics in SOD1-G93A cells. Importantly, honokiol extended the lifespan of the SOD1-G93A transgenic mice and improved the motor function. The improvement of antioxidant capacity and mitochondrial function was further confirmed in the spinal cord and gastrocnemius muscle in mice. Overall, honokiol showed promising preclinical potential as a multiple target drug for ALS treatment.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of primary catheter malposition (PCM) following totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) implantation via the internal jugular vein (IJV) and management strategies.Methods:Clinical data of 587 consecutive breast cancer patients undergoing TIVAP implantation via the IJV performed by single team at the Department of Breast Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Aug 2017 to Aug 2022 was retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 593 TIVAP were implanted and PCM was found in 18 cases (3.0%). Four hundred and twenty five TIVAP were implanted via the right IJV with one PCM case (0.2%). One hundred and sixty eight TIVAP implantations were performed via the left IJV and PCM occurred in 17 cases (10.1%). The interventional management with a pigtail catheter was performed as a first-line strategy in 11 of the 18 PCM cases, with a success in 10 cases and failure in one. Three cases were successfully managed with the digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided open approach. Four cases underwent blind open procedure firstly and 2 suffered a failure.Conclusions:A higher incidence of PCM is found in TIVAP implantations via the left IJV than the right one. The interventional management with a pigtail catheter or the DSA-guided open procedure proves to be feasible for the correction of PCM.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Feiyanning prescription （FYN） on cisplatin （DDP） resistance in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） and explore the underlying mechanism. MethodCell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was used to detect the proliferation of A549 and A549/DDP （DDP-resistant） cells treated by DDP （0， 2.0， 4.0， 6.0， 8.0， 10.0 mg⋅L^-1） and the proliferation of A549/DDP cells treated by FYN （0， 100， 200， 300， 400， 500， 600 mg⋅L^-1）. Based on immunofluorescence staining and Western blot （WB）， the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）-related proteins in A549 and A549/DDP groups was observed. A549/DDP cells were classified into control group， FYN group （200 mg⋅L^-1）， DDP group （6.0 mg⋅L^-1）， and combination group ［FYN （200 mg⋅L^-1） + DDP （6.0 mg⋅L^-1）］ and respectively treated with corresponding drugs. Then， invasion ability of each group was examined by transwell assay， and the expression of EMT-related proteins in each group by WB. Moreover， real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and immunofluorescence staining were separately applied to detect the mRNA and protein expression of drug resistance-related factors in each group， respectively. ResultCompared with A549 group， A549/DDP group showed high resistance to DDP （P<0.01）， low expression of E-cadherin， and high protein expression of Vimentin， N-cadherin， and Snail （P<0.05， P<0.01）. As compared with the control group， FYN inhibited the proliferation of A549/DDP cells in a concentration-dependent manner （P<0.01）， and the FYN group， DDP group， and combination group demonstrated low invasion ability （P<0.01）. In addition， the invasion ability in the combination group was particularly lower than that in the DDP group （P<0.01）. The expression of E-cadherin protein was higher and the protein expression of N-cadherin， Vimentin， and Snail was lower in the in FYN group than in the control group （P<0.01）. The protein expression of E-cadherin， N-cadherin， and Vimentin was lower and the expression of Snail was higher in the DDP group than in the control group （P<0.05，P<0.01）. The protein expression of E-cadherin， N-cadherin， Vimentin， and Snail in the combination group decreased as compared with that in the control group （P<0.01）. Compared with the DDP alone， the combination raised the expression of E-cadherin and lowered the protein expression of N-cadherin， Vimentin， and Snail （P<0.01）. The protein and mRNA expression of lung resistance-related protein （LRP） and multidrug resistance 1 （MDR1） was lower and the protein and mRNA expression of topoisomerase Ⅱα （TOPO Ⅱα） was higher in the FYN group than in the control group （P<0.01）. The protein and mRNA expression of LRP， MDR1， and TOPO Ⅱα was higher in the DDP group than in the control group （P<0.01）. The expression of LRP protein and mRNA showed no significant variation， but the protein and mRNA expression of MDR1 and TOPO Ⅱα increased in the combination group compared with those in the control group （P<0.01）. Compared with the DDP group， FYN group and combination group showed low protein and mRNA expression of LRP and MDR1 and high protein and mRNA expression of TOPO Ⅱα （P<0.01）. Compared with FYN， the combination elevated the protein and mRNA expression of LRP， MDR1， and TOPO Ⅱα （P<0.01）. ConclusionFYN prescription can reverse the DDP resistance of NSCLC by modulating EMT.

Objective:To analyze and compare the X-ray procedures and radiation dose composition of ophthalmic inpatients, and to explore the changes of the X-ray examination mode in recent years and the effect of optimization in imaging technology on the radiation dose level of the patients.Methods:The simple random sampling method was used to retrospectively select the imaging data of the ophthalmic inpatients in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from July 1st to November 31st in 2019 and from July 1st to November 31st in 2020. A total of 516 cases were selected according to the imaging time, including 258 cases in 2019 and 258 cases in 2020. Based on our previous research and the related documents of low-dose CT screening, a series of optimizations on CT scanning parameters and process were carried out in 2020, including the frequency of DR and CT scanning, the number of examinations per capita, the composition ratio of CT and DR, and X-ray dose per capita.Results:In 2020, the average effective doses of chest CT and orbital CT for ophthalmic inpatients were (2.587±1.586) mSv and (0.877±0.733) mSv, significantly lower than those in 2019 ( F=0.52, 0.72, P<0.05), and decreased by 34.82% and 37.13%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the average effective dose of chest DR and head CT between 2020 and 2019 ( F=6.01, 1.81, P>0.05). The number of X-ray examination per capita increased by 0.15 times, and the effective dose increased by 1.44 times (1.589 mSv). Chest DR was the main type of X-ray examination, accounting for 68.79% of all examinations in 2019, while chest CT was the main type, accounting for 71.05% in 2020. The composition of chest CT in 2020 increased by 63.17% compared with 2019, and the compositions of chest DR, orbital CT and cranial CT were decreased by 53.88%, 5.79% and 2.89%, respectively. Conclusions:With dose optimization measures, the single CT dose of ophthalmic inpatients in 2020 was lower than that in 2019. Chest CT increased significantly in frequency, and became main X-ray examination instead of chest DR which made the effective dose of ophthalmic inpatients increasing significantly.

Objective:To fabricate tAu@glutathione(GSH)@Gd nanoprobe for tumor angiogenesis bimodal (MR/CT) imaging, and evaluate its characteristics and potential for MR/CT imaging in vivo. Methods:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were constructed by encapsulating Au and Gd atoms into the GSH shell with cyclic asparagine-glycine-arginine (cNGR) peptide conjugation. EMT-6 BALB/c mice subcutaneous transplantation tumor models were established ( n=30) and divided into blank control group (saline), control group (Au@GSH@Gd nanoparticles) and experimental group (tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes) ( n=10 in each group). In vivo MR/CT imaging and distribution study were performed at different time points after tail intravenously injection. Relative MR signal value and relative CT value of tumor site and main organs in mice were used to evaluate MR/CT imaging property and biological distribution. After that, tumor tissues were collected for silver staining to study the accumulation of Au@GSH@Gd nanoparticles and tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes. Independent-sample t test was used for data analysis. Results:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were (6.40±0.22) nm with high T 1 relaxation efficiency ((36.91±0.07) mmol·L -1·s -1). MR/CT imaging of tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes showed good performance in vitro. In vivo MR/CT imaging demonstrated MR/CT imaging of tumor was significantly enhanced by tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes after 2 h post injection. The strongest enhancement was observed at 24 h, with an increased relative MR signal value from 1.04±0.12 (before injection) to 1.84±0.26 ( t=12.61, P=0.006), and increased relative CT value from 1.01±0.04 (before injection) to 1.95±0.05 ( t=15.34, P=0.004). The highest MR/CT effect in control group appeared at 16 h, with the relative MR signal value of 1.50±0.06 and the relative CT value of 1.53±0.10, which were significantly lower than those in experimental group (1.84±0.26 and 1.95±0.05; t values: 5.35 and 16.46, both P<0.05). Distribution in normal tissues showed that most of tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were metabolized through the kidneys. Tissue silver staining experiment verified the tumor angiogenesis targeting effect. Conclusion:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes exhibit favorable tumor angiogenesis target MR/CT imaging ability, providing a new design concept and basis for assessing tumor angiogenesis.

Objective: To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of schoolaged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children s reading ability. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening. At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50 meter run, sit forward bend, one minute skipping rope task, sit ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip. Results: A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia. Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one minute skipping rope score, one minute sit up score, and sitting forward score ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys ( β =-3.04, P <0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability ( β =-1.68, -0.08, P <0.01). Children s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level( P <0.05). Conclusion Gender, parents education level, physical exercise intensity, and children s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school age children s reading ability. A positive correlation was found between children s physical health level and reading ability.

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu City of Zhejiang Province. MethodsWe monitored， identified and analyzed ticks parasitic on domestic animals in Yiwu in 2021. ResultsA total of 452 domestic animals were monitored， of which 306 were infected with ticks， suggesting a prevalence of 67.70%. A total of 2，603 ticks were captured， and the tick index was determined to be 5.76. The ticks were identified to belong to one family， four genera， and 10 species. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the dominant tick （59.16%）， followed by Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides （26.32%） and Rhipicephalus microplus （6.45%）. Prevalence of ticks， tick index， and number of tick species were listed for domestic animals as follows： goats （74.37%， 7.45， 7 species）， yellow cattle （62.50%， 4.14，6 species）， and dogs （54.62%， 2.59， 8 species）. Moreover， goat was the main domestic animal infected with more than two tick species （25.99%）； H.longicornis （91.26%） was the species with most repated infections. The dominant species of ticks were H.longicornis （65.15%） and R.haemaphysaloides （29.42%） in goats， R.microplus （67.67%） and R.haemaphysaloides （20.69%） in yellow cattle， and H.longicornis （57.14%） and Haemaphysalis porcupines （21.10%） in dogs. However， seasonal fluctuation in tick index differed among goats， yellow cattle and dogs. The fluctuation in tick index in goats and dogs was consistent with that of H.longicornis， with a major peak in March and the minor peaks in September and October. The fluctuation in tick index in yellow cattle was consistent with that of R.microplus， with two peaks in April and August-September. In addition， larval ticks， nymphal ticks and adult ticks were caught in this study， among which nymphal ticks were most common. We found that single domestic animals were infected with ticks of the same species and different stages， which was more common in goats and those animals infected with H.longicornis. ConclusionTicks parasitic on domestic animals are common in Yiwu. Multiple species of ticks have been identified， with H.longicornis as the dominant species. It warrants further monitoring and countermeasures.