Objective To assess the status of rodent infestation in commercial kitchens using data from the‘Bright Kitchen, Clean Stove' initiative. The potential use of artificial-intelligence(AI)-based surveillance systems to monitor rodent density was explored, thereby providing a scientific basis for rodent control strategies. Methods As a component of the ‘Bright Kitchen, Clean Stove' initiative, the Minhang District Market Supervision Administration in Shanghai has installed cameras in 297 kitchens. These systems incorporate an AIpowered rodent image recognition method that automatically captures and stores the first image captured in each kitchen each day when a rodent is detected. In 2023, the system collected and stored 736 screenshots of rodents. Following manual verification,720 of the images were confirmed to contain rodents. The images were analyzed by noting the time, location, and kitchen area, and the species were manually identified to assess the population density. Results Rodent activity was detected in 34 of the 297 monitored kitchens, with an overall infestation rate of 11.45%. Of the 720 confirmed images of rodents, Rattus norvegicus(brown rat)was the predominant species, present in 409(56.81 %)images. Rodents were primarily concentrated in hot food preparation spaces. The density fluctuation curve had a multimodal pattern peaking in spring and autumn. The peak of daily activity was between 22: 00 and 2: 00. There was a significant difference in the rodent detection frequency between weekends and weekdays during peak hours and during non-peak hours(χ2=7.18, P＜ 0.01). Conclusions The ‘Bright Kitchen, Clear Stove' smart monitoring system has been proven to be applicable to rodent density monitoring. To control rodents in commercial kitchens, greater efforts are required to address and identify the specific infesting conditions and the key points in the control process.

Objective To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)on olfactory function in mice and the recovery of olfactory function after H2S poisoning test.Methods Thirty-six clean grade BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group,0.05 mg/L H2S exposure group,and 5.00 mg/L H2S exposure group according to the random number table method,with 12 mice in each group.The recovery of olfactory function was observed after H2S exposure cycle.The behavior and foraging time of the mice were recorded.Results Before the exposure test,there was no significant difference in olfaction time among the groups(P>0.05).On the 10th,20th and 30th day of the exposure test,the foraging time of 5.00 mg/L H2S exposure group was gradually prolonged,which was significantly different from that of the control group and 0.05 mg/L H2S exposure group(P<0.05).On the 5th,10th and 15th day after exposure test,the foraging time of 5.00 mg/L H2S exposure group gradually shortened,which was significantly longer than that of the control group and 0.05 mg/L H2S exposure group(P<0.05).Conclusion The short-term toxicity test of 5.00 mg/L H2S can cause olfactory dysfunction in mice,manifested by differences in foraging time.This olfactory dysfunction can be recovered to some extent within 15 days after leaving the exposed environment.

【Objective】 To investigate the expression of transcription factor POU domain class 2 transcription factor 2 (POU2F2) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and human renal cancer cell lines (786-O and ACHN) and its effects on the cells’ biological behaviors such as proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. 【Methods】 The mRNA expressions of POU2F2 in ccRCC tissues, adjacent normal tissues, cell lines 786-O and ACHN were detected with real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The protein expression of POU2F2 in ccRCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry. The effects of knockdown of POU2F2 on the mRNA and protein expressions of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT)-related tumor markers were detected with qRT-PCR and Western blot. 【Results】 The mRNA expression of POU2F2 in ccRCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues, and was correlated with patients’ gender, WHO/ISUP nuclear grade and TNM stage. The protein expression of POU2F2 was significantly higher in ccRCC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues, and was correlated with tumor pathological grade and TNM stage. The mRNA expression of POU2F2 was significantly decreased in 786-O cells after sh-POU2F2-1013 plasmid transfection (P<0.05); the proliferation ability, clonal formation rate, migration ability and invasion ability were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Knockdown of POU2F2 down-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of MMP2, MMP9 and Twist in 786-O cells, while up-regulated E-ca expression. 【Conclusion】 The mRNA expression of POU2F2 was significantly up-regulated in ccRCC tissues and renal cancer cells. Knockdown of POU2F2 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of cells in vitro, and slowed or inhibited the occurrence and development of renal cancer.

Objective:To fabricate tAu@glutathione(GSH)@Gd nanoprobe for tumor angiogenesis bimodal (MR/CT) imaging, and evaluate its characteristics and potential for MR/CT imaging in vivo. Methods:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were constructed by encapsulating Au and Gd atoms into the GSH shell with cyclic asparagine-glycine-arginine (cNGR) peptide conjugation. EMT-6 BALB/c mice subcutaneous transplantation tumor models were established ( n=30) and divided into blank control group (saline), control group (Au@GSH@Gd nanoparticles) and experimental group (tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes) ( n=10 in each group). In vivo MR/CT imaging and distribution study were performed at different time points after tail intravenously injection. Relative MR signal value and relative CT value of tumor site and main organs in mice were used to evaluate MR/CT imaging property and biological distribution. After that, tumor tissues were collected for silver staining to study the accumulation of Au@GSH@Gd nanoparticles and tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes. Independent-sample t test was used for data analysis. Results:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were (6.40±0.22) nm with high T 1 relaxation efficiency ((36.91±0.07) mmol·L -1·s -1). MR/CT imaging of tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes showed good performance in vitro. In vivo MR/CT imaging demonstrated MR/CT imaging of tumor was significantly enhanced by tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes after 2 h post injection. The strongest enhancement was observed at 24 h, with an increased relative MR signal value from 1.04±0.12 (before injection) to 1.84±0.26 ( t=12.61, P=0.006), and increased relative CT value from 1.01±0.04 (before injection) to 1.95±0.05 ( t=15.34, P=0.004). The highest MR/CT effect in control group appeared at 16 h, with the relative MR signal value of 1.50±0.06 and the relative CT value of 1.53±0.10, which were significantly lower than those in experimental group (1.84±0.26 and 1.95±0.05; t values: 5.35 and 16.46, both P<0.05). Distribution in normal tissues showed that most of tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes were metabolized through the kidneys. Tissue silver staining experiment verified the tumor angiogenesis targeting effect. Conclusion:The tAu@GSH@Gd nanoprobes exhibit favorable tumor angiogenesis target MR/CT imaging ability, providing a new design concept and basis for assessing tumor angiogenesis.

Objective: To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of schoolaged children, so as to provide evidence for improving children s reading ability. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening. At the same time, participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height, weight, and lung capacity, as well as a 50 meter run, sit forward bend, one minute skipping rope task, sit ups, and a 50 × 8 round trip. Results: A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia. Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score, as well as the one minute skipping rope score, one minute sit up score, and sitting forward score ( P <0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys ( β =-3.04, P <0.01), and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability ( β =-1.68, -0.08, P <0.01). Children s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level( P <0.05). Conclusion Gender, parents education level, physical exercise intensity, and children s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school age children s reading ability. A positive correlation was found between children s physical health level and reading ability.

Objective:To investigate the effect of baicalein in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by high fat-induced oxidative damage in mice.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice weighing 18-20 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal control group (C, 10% fat for energy), high-fat group (H, 60% fat for energy), high-fat + scutellaria baicalein group (H+B, baicalein: 400 mg·kg -1·bw -1), and baicalein control group (B, baicalein: 400 mg·kg -1·bw -1). After 12 weeks, mice were sacrificed, and the tissue samples were collected. Liver pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Mitochondrial morphology was examined by ultramicropathology. Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) changing levels in the liver were determined by kit. Sestrin2 and protein carbonylation (PCOS) levels were detected by Western blotting. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knock-down the Sestrin2 protein expression in HepG2 cells. Intramyocellular lipid changes in HepG2 cells was detected by fluorescent dye BODIPY493/503. One way ANOVA was used LSD pairwise comparison method was used to test the statistical difference. Results:Compared with the normal control group, high-fat fed caused significant fatty degeneration, decreased GSH and SOD levels ( P ??< 0.05), increased MDA and protein carbonylation levels, and increased Sestrin2 expression ( P < 0.05) in mice. Mitochondrial shape changes, swelling, lack of cristae, and MMP was down-regulated by 33.3% ( t = 13.456, P ??< 0.001). Baicalein intervention had effectively inhibited hepatic steatosis and oxidative damage caused by high-fat fed, and further up-regulated Sestrin2 expression, MMP ( t = 10.104, P ??< 0.001), and significantly alleviated liver damage in mice. Sestrin2 expression knock-down had further increased the intracellular lipid deposition and PCOs expression ( P ??< 0.05), and reduced baicalein ability to antagonize lipid deposition and antioxidant capacity in Hep2 cells. Conclusion:Baicalein alleviate non-alcoholic fatty liver by regulating Sestrin2 expression and high-fat fed-induced liver oxidative damage.

Objective:To study and develop the formulation of a plant material-based deodorant, and to evaluate its deodorization effect.Methods:This study developed a formulation of plant material-based deodorant, detected the main volatile components of plant essential oil, and tested the removal rate of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptan.Results:Within the formulation, 33 active components were detected in the plant essential oil, most of which were oxygen-containing compounds. It was found that 6% of plant essential oil, 1.0% of β-cyclodextrin, and 3.0% of Tween-80 constituted the optimal formulation. The average purification efficiency of the plant material-based deodorant was higher than those of deionized water and chemical deodorant. At 10 minutes after spraying, the efficiency of eliminating hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan of the plant material-based deodorant reached 100%; at 30 minutes after spraying, its efficiency of eliminating ammonia reached 95%.Conclusion:The plant material-based deodorant contains some functional groups of high reactive activity, which can react with odorous substances in various chemical ways to inhibit odors. Its effect of eliminating hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was better than that of eliminating ammonia.

Objective:To study and develop the formulation of a plant material-based deodorant, and to evaluate its deodorization effect.Methods:This study developed a formulation of plant material-based deodorant, detected the main volatile components of plant essential oil, and tested the removal rate of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and methyl mercaptan.Results:Within the formulation, 33 active components were detected in the plant essential oil, most of which were oxygen-containing compounds. It was found that 6% of plant essential oil, 1.0% of β-cyclodextrin, and 3.0% of Tween-80 constituted the optimal formulation. The average purification efficiency of the plant material-based deodorant was higher than those of deionized water and chemical deodorant. At 10 minutes after spraying, the efficiency of eliminating hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan of the plant material-based deodorant reached 100%; at 30 minutes after spraying, its efficiency of eliminating ammonia reached 95%.Conclusion:The plant material-based deodorant contains some functional groups of high reactive activity, which can react with odorous substances in various chemical ways to inhibit odors. Its effect of eliminating hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan was better than that of eliminating ammonia.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between after-school schedule and bone mineral density in middle-school students in Shanghai, to provide a reference for taking targeted measures. Methods: From November 2017 to April 2018，eighteen classes of six middle schools in Shanghai (from urban districts, urban-suburb combined districts and suburban districts, respectively) were selected based on cluster random sampling. In each school, 2-4 classes were further randomly chosen in the 6th grade. Questionnaires were completed by 518 students and their parents, as well as physical examination and bone mineral density assessment. Results: The average time spent on after-school academic learning during weekends was 4.0 (IQR: 2.0, 6.0) h. The Z-score of bone density was 0.3 (IQR: -0.7, 1.0). The smooth curve fit model showed a non-linear relationship between after-school academic learning time during weekends and the Z-scores of bone mineral densities. A two-stage multiple linear regression analysis was further applied according to the fit results, and the results showed that when total afterschool academic learning time <4.5 hours during weekends, the learning time was inversely correlated with the bone density Z-scores (β=-0.11,P=0.01), and when the learning time ≥4.5 hours, there was no significant correlation between the learning time and bone density Z-scores (β=0.02, P=0.65). Parent and student questionnaires showed that there was a non-linear relationship between students’ daily time spent on outdoor sports-related activities and bone density Z-scores. When time spent on the outdoor activities ≥45 minutes per day, outdoor activities were positively correlated with bone density Z-scores (P<0.05). However, when the time spent on outdoor activities <45 minutes per day, there was no significant relationship between outdoor activities and bone density Z-scores (P>0.05). Conclusion Too much time on after-school academic learning during weekends or limited time on outdoor activities are both related to impaired bone mineral densities. Therefore, a reasonable after-school schedule for middle-school students is important for physical development, especially during weekends.