Objective To assess functional abnormalities in frontoparietal attention network of patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI),and to analyze neural mechanism of its attention disorders based on independent component analysis(ICA).Methods Totally 84 TBI patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into mild(n=33),moderate(n=27)and severe TBI groups(n=24)according to symptoms,non-contrast enhanced MRI findings,Glasgow coma scale(GCS)and Mayo craniocerebral trauma grading criteria.ICA was used to extract and analyze the optimal independent components(IC)of the dorsal attention network(DAN)and ventral attention network(VAN).Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the correlations of functional connectivity(FC)of brain regions being significantly different among groups within attention network and the scores of trail making test A/B(TMT-A/B).Results Compared with control group and mild TBI group,spatial distribution of DAN(especially bilateral frontal eye field[FEF])in moderate and severe TBI groups were significantly smaller,the clusters tended to be discrete,and the intensity were significantly weakened.The right temporal parietal junction(TPJ)and right ventral frontal cortex(VFC)of VAN in control group,mild and moderate TBI groups were significantly affected,and VFC connection strength was the highest in severe TBI group.FC intensity in right VFC of TBI patients was positively correlated with TMT-A score(r=0.654,P＜0.001),which in left FEF was negatively correlated with TMT-B score(r=—0.383,P＜0.001).Conclusion FC of frontoparietal attention network was abnormal in TBI patients,which might be neural mechanism for its attention behavior disorders.

Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

Objective:To investigate the impact of early invasive arterial blood pressure (IBP) monitoring on survival and neurological outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR).Methods:This retrospective cohort study analyzed 44 OHCA patients receiving ECPR between January 2021 and January 2023. Patients were divided into: Early intervention group : IBP established within 3 min of ECMO initiation; Late intervention group : IBP established after ICU admission. Baseline characteristics, ECMO parameters, and clinical outcomes were compared. Multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, initial rhythm, etc.) and Spearman's correlation were used.Results:This study included a total of 44 patients treated with OHCA and ECPR, divided into an early intervention group of 23 cases and a late intervention group of 21 cases. The early intervention group showed significantly higher: Survival to discharge (43.5% vs. 9.5%, P<0.05), Good neurological recovery (CPC 1-2: 34.8% vs. 9.5%, P<0.05).Early intervention independently predicted survival (adjusted OR=18.84, 95% CI:1.97-179.98, P=0.01). Stratified analysis by pH (cutoff 7.0) demonstrated consistent benefits in both pH>7.0 ( aOR=0.392, 95% CI:0.106-0.678) and pH≤7.0 subgroups ( aOR=0.385, 95% CI: 0.075-0.695; interaction P=0.183). Early IBP positively correlated with CPC scores ( ρ=0.40, P=0.007). Conclusions:Early IBP monitoring significantly improves survival and neurological outcomes in OHCA-ECPR patients, supporting its integration into standardized protocols.

Objective:To analyze the effect of zirconium-based pigments with different mass fractions on the colorimetric properties of fused deposition modeling (FDM) polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites, and to investigate the feasibility of using these pigments for computer color matching of PEEK composites.Methods:Specimens were fabricated using FDM technology, comprising two control groups [Pure PEEK group, PEEK-TiO 2 group (PEEK compounded with 20% TiO 2)] and nine experimental groups based on the type of zirconium-based pigment (zirconium praseodymium yellow, zirconium iron red, zirconium vanadium blue) and mass fraction (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%). The experimental group specimens consisted of PEEK blended with 20% TiO 2 and the respective zirconium-based pigment. The spectral reflectance curve and chromaticity values of all specimens were measured using a spectrophotometer. The relationship between the chromaticity values of each colored PEEK composite in the experimental groups and the pigment mass fraction was determined. Shade guide tabs mimicking clinically used tooth shades were fabricated using a light-curing resin (Filtek Z350XT Body). The full-spectrum color matching method was employed to calculate the PEEK composite formulations (PEEK, 20% TiO 2, blends of the three zirconium-based pigments) required to match these target tooth shades. Verification group specimens based on these calculated recipes were then fabricated. The color difference between each verification group specimen and its corresponding target shade tab was calculated. Color differences between the target shade tabs and the two control groups (Pure PEEK, PEEK-TiO 2) were also calculated. Results:The spectral reflectance curves of PEEK composite specimens containing different types of zirconium-based pigments exhibited distinct characteristic features. The chromaticity values were significantly affected by the mass fraction of the same zirconium-based pigment. Based on computer color matching calculations, the color differences between the verification group specimens and the target shade tabs ranged from 1.59 to 14.55.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the three zirconium-based pigments (zirconium praseodymium yellow, zirconium iron red, zirconium vanadium blue) for full-spectrum computer color matching of PEEK-TiO 2 composites.

Objective:To analyze the effect of zirconium-based pigments with different mass fractions on the colorimetric properties of fused deposition modeling (FDM) polyetheretherketone (PEEK) composites, and to investigate the feasibility of using these pigments for computer color matching of PEEK composites.Methods:Specimens were fabricated using FDM technology, comprising two control groups [Pure PEEK group, PEEK-TiO 2 group (PEEK compounded with 20% TiO 2)] and nine experimental groups based on the type of zirconium-based pigment (zirconium praseodymium yellow, zirconium iron red, zirconium vanadium blue) and mass fraction (0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%). The experimental group specimens consisted of PEEK blended with 20% TiO 2 and the respective zirconium-based pigment. The spectral reflectance curve and chromaticity values of all specimens were measured using a spectrophotometer. The relationship between the chromaticity values of each colored PEEK composite in the experimental groups and the pigment mass fraction was determined. Shade guide tabs mimicking clinically used tooth shades were fabricated using a light-curing resin (Filtek Z350XT Body). The full-spectrum color matching method was employed to calculate the PEEK composite formulations (PEEK, 20% TiO 2, blends of the three zirconium-based pigments) required to match these target tooth shades. Verification group specimens based on these calculated recipes were then fabricated. The color difference between each verification group specimen and its corresponding target shade tab was calculated. Color differences between the target shade tabs and the two control groups (Pure PEEK, PEEK-TiO 2) were also calculated. Results:The spectral reflectance curves of PEEK composite specimens containing different types of zirconium-based pigments exhibited distinct characteristic features. The chromaticity values were significantly affected by the mass fraction of the same zirconium-based pigment. Based on computer color matching calculations, the color differences between the verification group specimens and the target shade tabs ranged from 1.59 to 14.55.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the three zirconium-based pigments (zirconium praseodymium yellow, zirconium iron red, zirconium vanadium blue) for full-spectrum computer color matching of PEEK-TiO 2 composites.

Objective To review the diagnostic information of 3368 viral hepatitis B inpatient cases reported by some healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in the National Notifiable Disease Report System(NNDRS)in 2021,and to analyse the consistency of their reports and influence factor.Methods The study used the typical survey method to study 3368 hospitalized cases of hepatitis B reported by 32 medical institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 from July 2022 to April 2023.The consistency between the reported classification and the reviewed classification was evaluated by reviewing diagnostic information of the cases,combined with the Kappa consistency test,and the consistency-influencing factors were analysed in a univariate and multivariate analysis.Results The consistency between acute,chronic,and unclassified reporting classifications and review classifications was poor(Kappa＜0.40);the consistency between acute and chronic review was poor(Kappa＜0.40).The main influence factor of the consistency of review included the level of medical institution,the patient's gender,occupation,past history,and the unit of diagnosis of initial onset of illness.Provincial medical institutions reported higher consistency,and male cases and herder cases had better consistency than female cases and other occupations.Review consistency of cases with past history was better than that of cases with unclear past history.Conclusion The consistency of diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases in healthcare institutions in Qinghai Province in 2021 was low,with problems of inaccurate classification and duplicate reporting.It is recommended to strengthen the training and supervision of healthcare institutions,standardise the filling of'attached card'information,and promote the hepatitis B core antibody IgM test to improve the classification and diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B,so as to comprehensively improve the accuracy of the diagnosis and reporting of hepatitis B cases.

Objective To assess functional abnormalities in frontoparietal attention network of patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI),and to analyze neural mechanism of its attention disorders based on independent component analysis(ICA).Methods Totally 84 TBI patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into mild(n=33),moderate(n=27)and severe TBI groups(n=24)according to symptoms,non-contrast enhanced MRI findings,Glasgow coma scale(GCS)and Mayo craniocerebral trauma grading criteria.ICA was used to extract and analyze the optimal independent components(IC)of the dorsal attention network(DAN)and ventral attention network(VAN).Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the correlations of functional connectivity(FC)of brain regions being significantly different among groups within attention network and the scores of trail making test A/B(TMT-A/B).Results Compared with control group and mild TBI group,spatial distribution of DAN(especially bilateral frontal eye field[FEF])in moderate and severe TBI groups were significantly smaller,the clusters tended to be discrete,and the intensity were significantly weakened.The right temporal parietal junction(TPJ)and right ventral frontal cortex(VFC)of VAN in control group,mild and moderate TBI groups were significantly affected,and VFC connection strength was the highest in severe TBI group.FC intensity in right VFC of TBI patients was positively correlated with TMT-A score(r=0.654,P＜0.001),which in left FEF was negatively correlated with TMT-B score(r=—0.383,P＜0.001).Conclusion FC of frontoparietal attention network was abnormal in TBI patients,which might be neural mechanism for its attention behavior disorders.

ObjectiveTo analyze the trends in life expectancy and cause-eliminated life expectancy of the registered residents in Qingpu District, Shanghai from 2002 to 2021, and to identify the major diseases causing life expectancy loss in the area, so as to provide a theoretical basis for strengthening disease prevention and interventions and optimizing health resources allocation. MethodsUsing the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classification of death causes, average life expectancy and cause-eliminated life expectancy were calculated with the abbreviated life table and the cause-eliminated life expectancy table. A trend forecast of life expectancy from 2022 to 2029 was made. ResultsFrom 2002 to 2021, the life expectancy of Qingpu District residents showed an increasing trend, with an average annual growth of 0.32 years (AAPC=0.39%, P<0.001). Among the seven major causes of death, the cause-eliminated expected life expectancy for circulatory system diseases showed the most significant upward trend (AAPC=0.53%, P<0.001), rising from the third leading cause of death in 2002 to the first in 2021. The life expectancy loss rate due to circulatory system diseases increased from 3.79% to 7.97%. Respiratory system diseases showed the largest decline, decreasing from the first leading cause of death in 2002 to the fourth in 2021, with the life expectancy loss rate decreasing from 6.83% to 0.99%. ConclusionLife expectancy of the registered residents in Qingpu District has reached a leading level in China. Future efforts should focus on effectively increasing the life expectancy of male residents, strengthening the comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, and malignant tumors, and improving health promotion policies for residents to achieve a steady long-term increase in regional life expectancy.

Background::Hypothermia therapy has been suggested to attenuate myocardial necrosis; however, the clinical implementation as a valid therapeutic strategy has failed, and new approaches are needed to translate into clinical applications. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a novel selective intracoronary hypothermia (SICH) device in mitigating myocardial reperfusion injury.Methods::This study comprised two phases. The first phase of the SICH was performed in a normal porcine model for 30 minutes ( n = 5) to evaluate its feasibility. The second phase was conducted in a porcine myocardial infarction (MI) model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion which was performed by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 60 minutes and maintained for 42 days. Pigs in the hypothermia group ( n = 8) received hypothermia intervention onset reperfusion for 30 minutes and controls ( n = 8) received no intervention. All animals were followed for 42 days. Cardiac magnetic resonance analysis (five and 42 days post-MI) and a series of biomarkers/histological studies were performed. Results::The average time to lower temperatures to a steady state was 4.8 ± 0.8 s. SICH had no impact on blood pressure or heart rate and was safely performed without complications by using a 3.9 F catheter. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein (CRP), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were lower at 60 min post perfusion in pigs that underwent SICH as compared with the control group. On day 5 post MI/R, edema, intramyocardial hemorrhage, and microvascular obstruction were reduced in the hypothermia group. On day 42 post MI/R, the infarct size, IL-6, CRP, BNP, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were reduced, and the ejection fraction was improved in pigs that underwent SICH.Conclusions::The SICH device safely and effectively reduced the infarct size and improved heart function in a pig model of MI/R. These beneficial effects indicate the clinical potential of SICH for treatment of myocardial reperfusion injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible mechanism of Ruyi Heibai Power （如意黑白散， RHP） in the treatment of vitiligo. MethodsTwenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank group， model group， high-dose and low-dose RHP groups， with 6 mice in each group. Model group， high- and low-dose RHP groups were all applied hydroquinone to establish vitiligo animal model. After modeling， High- and low-dose RHP groups were given 7.02 g/kg and 2.34 g/kg of RHP by gavage， respectively， while the blank group and model group were intragastrically given 10ml/kg of normal saline， once a day for 36 days. After administration， the skin lesions were observed with naked eye， and HE staining was used to observe the melanin content of the skin lesions. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in skin tissue. Immunofluorescence staining was used to measure the expression of programmed death receptor 1 （PD-1） in the skin lesion tissue. RT-PCR was used to detect programmed cell death ligand 1 （PD-L1） mRNA expression. ELISA was used to detect serum superoxide dismutase （SOD）， tumor necrosis factor （TNF-α）， and tyrosinase （TYR） levels. ResultsCompared to those in the blank group， the skin of the mice in the model group was pale， and the melanin content was significantly reduced under the microscope after HE staining； the rate of excellent and good skin lesions decreased， and the melanin granules in the cells around the epidermis and hair follicles decreased significantly； the expression of CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in skin tissue increased significantly， and the expressions of PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1 decreased； the content of TYR decreased， while the content of SOD and TNF-α increased （P＜0.05）. Compared to those in the model group， the skin color of high- and low-dose RHP groups were deepened， and the melanin content increased； the rate of excellent and good skin lesions increased， as well as the melanin granules in the spinous cell layer， basal cells and hair follicles； the expression of CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in the skin lesions decreased， while PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1 expression increased； the content of TYR increased， while the content of SOD and TNF-α decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared to the low-dose RHP group， the high-dose group had a larger pigment recovery area in the modeling area， an increased rate of excellent and good skin lesions， an increase in spinous cell layer， basal cells， and hair follicle melanin granules， a decrease in CD3⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells expression， an increase in the expression of PD-L1 mRNA and PD-1， an elevated TYR content， and decreased SOD and TNF-α contents （P＜0.05）. ConclusionRHP can increase skin melanin content of vitiligo mice.The mechanism of action may be related to activating the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway， and then reducing the destruction of melanocytes by T cell-mediated autoimmunity.