Fresh-cut processing constitutes a pivotal technique in the origin processing of Chinese medicinal materials， with a long history documented in multiple materia medica. In recent years， it has garnered national policy support for its ability to prevent component loss and low processing efficiency associated with traditional drying-before-cutting methods. As of August 2025， 26 provinces and municipalities nationwide have cumulatively published 789 species for fresh-cut processing. Among these， 78 were included in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. However， the practice continues to face common challenges and difficulties， including ambiguous scientific understanding， fragmented standards， limited quality control approaches， and poor process stability. Based on this， this paper synthesises years of research findings to systematically elucidate the core mechanisms of fresh-cut processing. These encompass alterations to herbal tissue structure during cutting， post-processing changes in constituents， and physiological-biochemical processes such as plant stress responses and shifts in endogenous enzyme activity. It also summarises influencing factors， including inherent herbal properties， cutting timing and methods， and environmental conditions like temperature， humidity， and microbial presence. Based on this overview of fresh-cutting mechanisms， subsequent research should advance in four directions：Clarifying the scientific principles of fresh-cutting， overcoming technical bottlenecks， upgrading intelligent equipment， and establishing quality standards and evaluation systems. This study provides a theoretical foundation and scientific basis for future research on fresh-cutting in traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， promoting its deeper practical application within the industry and contributing to the high-quality development of TCM industry and the modernization of TCM.

Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Circular RNA(circRNA),as a kind of non-coding RNA,regulates a variety of biological functions.To explore the effect of circRNA on PEDV replication in the host porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells,this study screened and analyzed the differentially expressed circRNAs by bioinforma-tic software in African Green Monkey renal cells(Vero-E6 cells)infected by porcine epidemic di-arrhea virus(PEDV),the differentially expressed circRNA ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was identified and the secondary structure was analyzed.PCR was used to identify the ssc_circ_PIK3C2A circRNA structure,the model of PEDV-infected IPEC-J2 cells was constructed,the TCID50 test was used to validate the viral titer of PEDV.The expression of circ_PIK3C2A was detected by qRT-PCR in IPEC-J2 infected by PEDV.circ_PIK3C2A qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of N gene of PEDV when ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was over-expressed in IPEC-J2 cells.The results showed that ssc_circ_PIK3C2 A is a porcine circular RNA with a typical circular structure,the virus titer of PEDV reached 10-6/mL after PEDV infected IPEC-J2 cells for 48 h,the expression of circ_PIK3C2A increased extremely(P＜0.01)at 6 h after PEDV-infection,with the extension of infec-tion time,its expression gradually decreased,and the expression was the lowest at 24 h,but there was no time-dependent trend.The expression of PEDV N gene decreased significantly when ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was over-expressed in IPEC-J2 cells.In conclusion,when PEDV infects IPEC-J2 cells,the expression of porcine circ_PIK3C2A decreases,and replication of PEDV increases signifi-cantly in IPEC-J2 cells.our result provides a basis for further study of the mechanism of circular RNA on PEDV replication and its physiological activities in host cells in the future.

Circular RNA(circRNA),as a kind of non-coding RNA,regulates a variety of biological functions.To explore the effect of circRNA on PEDV replication in the host porcine intestinal epi-thelial cells,this study screened and analyzed the differentially expressed circRNAs by bioinforma-tic software in African Green Monkey renal cells(Vero-E6 cells)infected by porcine epidemic di-arrhea virus(PEDV),the differentially expressed circRNA ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was identified and the secondary structure was analyzed.PCR was used to identify the ssc_circ_PIK3C2A circRNA structure,the model of PEDV-infected IPEC-J2 cells was constructed,the TCID50 test was used to validate the viral titer of PEDV.The expression of circ_PIK3C2A was detected by qRT-PCR in IPEC-J2 infected by PEDV.circ_PIK3C2A qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of N gene of PEDV when ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was over-expressed in IPEC-J2 cells.The results showed that ssc_circ_PIK3C2 A is a porcine circular RNA with a typical circular structure,the virus titer of PEDV reached 10-6/mL after PEDV infected IPEC-J2 cells for 48 h,the expression of circ_PIK3C2A increased extremely(P＜0.01)at 6 h after PEDV-infection,with the extension of infec-tion time,its expression gradually decreased,and the expression was the lowest at 24 h,but there was no time-dependent trend.The expression of PEDV N gene decreased significantly when ssc_circ_PIK3C2A was over-expressed in IPEC-J2 cells.In conclusion,when PEDV infects IPEC-J2 cells,the expression of porcine circ_PIK3C2A decreases,and replication of PEDV increases signifi-cantly in IPEC-J2 cells.our result provides a basis for further study of the mechanism of circular RNA on PEDV replication and its physiological activities in host cells in the future.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy of unilateral arytenoid chondroplasty combined with minimally invasive mucosal flap plasty in the management bilateral vocal cord paralysis.Methods:A total of 66 patients with bilateral vocal cord paralysis hospitalized in the First Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, among whom there were 8 males and 58 females, with ages ranging from 35 to 86 years old(mean age (57.8±11.6) years). All patients underwent suspension laryngoscopic CO 2 laser unilateral arytenoid chondroplasty and mucosal flap under general anesthesia. Postoperative follow-up period extended from 6 months to 6 years, with a median duration of 28 months. The study compared the degree of dyspnea and voice quality (subjective and objective evaluation) of the patients pre- and post-operatively, and analyzed the clinical differences between patients with and without preoperative or intraoperative tracheotomy, the extubation rate of tracheotomized patients, the recurrence rate, and the complication rate. Continuous variables conforming to normal distribution were tested by t-test and categorical variables by χ2 test,the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to analyze the improvement in dyspnea before and after surgery. Results:Compared with the preoperative period, 59 patients showed improvement in postoperative dyspnea ( U=161.5, P<0.01); there was no significant difference in voice disorder index 10, subjective auditory-perceptual assessment, and maximal vocalization time ( P>0.05), all of which remained within the relative normal range. Tracheotomy was performed in 32 out of 66 patients, with predominantly degree Ⅲ- dyspnea (46.9%, 15/32), including 26 patients with preoperative tracheotomy and 6 patients with intraoperative tracheotomy. Among the 34 patients who did not undergo tracheotomy, the majority presented with degree Ⅱ-dyspnea (82.4%, 28/34). All patients achieved successful extubation following surgery, with a mean median time to extubation of 1 month. Conclusions:The combination of unilateral arytenoid chondroplasty and minimally invasive mucosal flap plasty represents a refined and effective therapeutic approach for bilateral vocal cord paralysis. This minimally invasive technique has the potential to reduce the rate of tracheotomy.

Post-acute pancreatitis diabetes is one of the most common distant complications of acute pancreatitis. However, its incidence has been underestimated for a long time, indicating that it has not been taken seriously by healthcare professionals in clinical practice. This article provides a review of the urgent need for healthcare professionals to focus on the current status, adverse outcomes, screening and management aspects of diabetes after acute pancreatitis, and aims to provide a reference for healthcare professionals in their relevant clinical work.

Objective Taking 41 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Meizhou Hakka as the research object,their inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were screened and the enzyme inhibition types of the species with the strongest activities were explored.Methods The inhibitory activities of 41 commonly used Hakka herbs in Meizhou against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were evaluated by the p-Nitrophenyl a-D-mannopyranoside(pNPG)method and the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid(DNS)method,using the inhibitory rate of half(IC50)as an index.The inhibitory activity of 95%ethanol extracts of 41 Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Meizhou Hakka on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were analysed.The enzymatic kinetics method and Lineweaver-Burk curve were used to analyze the inhibitory type of the most active species.Results The results showed that 40 Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Meizhou Hakka had α-glucosidase inhibitory activity,and 23 medicines had α-amylase inhibitory activity,among which Psychotria asiatica Wall.showed the strongest inhibitory activity with the IC50 values aganist α-glucosidase and α-amylase of 0.17±0.001 mg·mL-1 and 0.09±0.001 mg·mL-1,respectively.The inhibition types were reversible competitive inhibition and reversible non-competitive inhibition,respectively.Conclusion The Psychotria asiatica Wall.Chinese herbal medicines commonly used in Meizhou Hakka has significant inhibitory effect on the activity of glucose metabolism enzymes,which has potential value for further research and development on the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of PET automatic drug infusion system combined with power peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) for 18F-FDG injection and PET/CT imaging. Methods:Fifty patients with malignant neoplasms who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine between December 2021 to July 2022 were prospectively enrolled. They were equally divided into power PICC group and peripheral venipuncture group. PET automatic drug infusion system was respectively connected with the pre-established channels of power PICC and peripheral venipuncture for 18F-FDG injection. Each patient underwent a routine PET/CT imaging at 1 h post-injection. The blood glucose, body weight, prescription dose and injection dose were recorded, and SUV max in the liver and cavoatrial junction were measured in both groups. The independent-sample t test was performed to compare the differences between 2 groups. The power PICC tip positions after 18F-FDG injection in power PICC group were observed. Results:The liver SUV max in the power PICC group and peripheral group were 2.54±0.50 and 2.57±0.31 ( t=0.37, P=0.716), and the SUV max of cavoatrial junction in the 2 groups were 1.68±0.25 and 1.63±0.22 ( t=-0.78, P=0.441), respectively. No significant differences were found in blood glucose, body weight, prescription dose and injection dose between the 2 groups ( t values: 0.00-0.13, all P>0.05). The ratios of injection dose to prescription dose in the 2 groups were 0.998 3±0.007 3 and 0.997 6±0.016 5, respectively, indicating high injection accuracy of the injection methods. No obvious drug residue was displayed at the end of catheter, resulting in good imaging quality. All the tip positions after injection were between T5 and T8, in line with the standardization management of power PICC. Conclusion:PET automatic drug infusion system combined with power PICC can be safely used for 18F-FDG injection and PET/CT imaging with less injection puncture.

Objective:To explore the relationship between sleep quality and depression among fertile women, and provide a scientific reference for protecting the mental health of fertile women.Methods:The study included 12 518 fertile women who were 15 to 49 years old from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University and Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Qujing in Yunnan Province from January 2019 to November 2019. Sleep quality was collected by using self-reported questionnaires, and depression was evaluated by using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. We used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and depression after controlling for other factors.Results:Among 12 518 fertile women, 3197 had poor sleep quality which accounted for 25.54% (95% CI=24.77%-26.30%). The detection rate of depression was 55.59% (6959/12 518; 95% CI=54.72%-56.46%). The detection rate of depression of the poor sleep quality group [75.40% (2410/3197)] was significantly higher than that of the good sleep quality group [48.80% (4549/9321), P<0.001]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for basic demographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle habits and other factors, depression was still associated with poor sleep quality (a OR=3.28, 95% CI=2.99-3.60; P<0.001). Conclusion:The problem of depression and sleep quality on fertile women cannot be ignored, and sleep quality was associated with depression significantly which suggested that it was necessary to keep good life style, improve sleep quality and promote mental health.

Objective:To explore the predictive factors associated with the pregnancy outcome for poor ovarian response (POR) patients, and to establish Nomogram prediction model to evaluate the probability of the live birth of POR patients.Methods:The clinical data of 2667 patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment in the Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu and the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from February 1, 2015 to February 28, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed by a cohort study. Logistic regression was used to screen out the independent predictive factors on the pregnancy outcome of IVF/ICSI in poor ovarian reserve patients, which was the model enrollment variable, and the Nomogram model was established according to the regression coefficient of the relevant variables. The prediction accuracy of the pregnancy outcome nomogram model was evaluated by calculating the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female age ( OR=0.876, 95% CI=0.849-0.902, P<0.001), antral follicle count (AFC) ( OR=1.283, 95% CI=1.133-1.463, P<0.001), total dosage of gonadotropin (Gn) used ( OR=1.002, 95% CI=1.001-1.004, P<0.001), duration of Gn used ( OR=0.786, 95% CI=0.636-0.963, P=0.018), No. of M II oocytes ( OR=0.842, 95% CI=0.712-0.985, P=0.033) and No. of transferable embryos ( OR=2.052, 95% CI=1.762-2.403, P<0.001) were independent predictive factors of live birth. According to the independent predictive factors, the prediction model of pregnancy outcome of POR patients was established, and the AUC of the modeling group was 0.894(95% CI=0.879-0.909), the AUC of the validation group was 0.902(95% CI=0.896-0.912), indicating good model compliance. Conclusion:Age, AFC, total dosage of Gn used, duration of Gn used, No. of M II oocytes and No. of transferable embryos are independent predictive factors of the pregnancy outcome for poor ovarian reserve patients, the successful establishment of nomogram model can effectively predict the live birth for POR patients.