Acute lung injury （ALI） is one of the most common and critical diseases in clinical practice， with extremely high morbidity and mortality， seriously threatening human life and health. The pathogenesis of ALI is complex， in which the inflammatory response is a key factor. Studies have shown that NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） inflammasomes are involved in ALI through mechanisms such as inflammation induction， increased microvascular permeability， recruitment of neutrophils， oxidative stress， and pyroptosis， playing a key role in the occurrence and progression of ALI. Therefore， regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes and inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors can alleviate the damage in ALI. At present， ALI is mainly treated by mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy， which have problems such as high costs and poor prognosis. In recent years， studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can reduce the inflammatory response and the occurrence of oxidative stress and pyroptosis by regulating the NLRP3 inflammasome， thus alleviating the damage and decreasing the mortality of ALI. Based on the relevant literature in recent years， this article reviews the research progress in TCM treatment of ALI by regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes， discusses how NLRP3 inflammasomes participate in ALI， and summarizes the active ingredients， extracts， and compound prescriptions of TCM that regulate NLRP3 inflammasomes， aiming to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of ALI and the development of relevant drugs.

The difficulty of wound healing in patients is a difficult problem that doctors in all clinical departments may encounter, and there is still no good solution. Resveratrol is a kind of natural active substance, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and angiogenesis promoting effects, and is a potential drug to promote wound healing. However, the clinical application of resveratrol is limited due to its low bioavailability. In this review, the molecular mechanism of resveratrol in promoting wound healing and its administration methods in wound treatment were reviewed to provide ideas for the redevelopment of resveratrol.

After the compatibility of Astragali Radix and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, most of the effective components of Astragali Radix increase, and the bioavailability is improved. Compared with the application of the two drugs alone, it can enhance the effects of immune regulation, anti-tumor, diuresis, lung protection, regulation of flora, and intestinal protection. However, the optimal compatibility ratio of Astragali Radix- Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma pair to exert various pharmacological effects still needs to be clarified. The drug pair and related preparations are mostly used in the treatment of nephropathy, but its mechanism of action needs to be further elucidated.

Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is a common complication of diabetes， which causes a great threat to the health of human vision. Recent studies have shown that saponins， polysaccharides and flavonoids in Astragali Radix regulate phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway， silent information regulator 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway， B-cell lymphoma-2 and other signaling pathways by acting on nuclear factor-κB， hypoxia-inducible factor-1α， glial fibrillary acidic protein， glutamine synthetase， aldose reductase， multiple miRNA and other related targets， so as to exert anti- inflammatory， anti-microangiopathy， anti-neurodegenerative disease and anti-apoptosis， and then achieve the purpose of treating DR.

Heart failure is the leading cause of death worldwide. Compound Danshen Dripping Pill (CDDP) or CDDP combined with simvastatin has been widely used to treat patients with myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular diseases in China. However, the effect of CDDP on hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis-induced heart failure is unknown. We constructed a new model of heart failure induced by hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and LDL receptor (LDLR) dual deficient (ApoE^-/-LDLR^-/-) mice and investigated the effect of CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin on the heart failure. CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin inhibited heart injury by multiple actions including anti-myocardial dysfunction and anti-fibrosis. Mechanistically, both Wnt and lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) pathways were significantly activated in mice with heart injury. Conversely, CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin inhibited Wnt pathway by markedly up-regulating expression of Wnt inhibitors. While the anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress by CDDP were achieved by inhibiting KDM4A expression and activity. In addition, CDDP attenuated simvastatin-induced myolysis in skeletal muscle. Taken together, our study suggests that CDDP or CDDP plus a low dose of simvastatin can be an effective therapy to reduce hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis-induced heart failure.

Objective To investigate the expression level of calcitonin gene-related peptide-receptor component protein (CRCP) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue and adjacent tissue and its association with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients. Methods HCC and adjacent tissue samples were collected from 79 HCC patients who underwent surgical resection in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Navy Medical University, from June 2003 to September 2009. Tissue microarray was prepared, and immunohistochemistry was used for quantitative analysis. Related proteins were extracted and measured by Western blot, and the expression of CRCP was compared between HCC tissue and adjacent tissue. The chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to obtain the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and goodness of fit was evaluated. Youden index was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the association of CRCP expression with the recurrence and prognosis of HCC, and the log rank test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results Among the 79 HCC patients, there were 67 male patients and 12 female patients, with an age of 10-72 years, and 20 patients had portal vein tumor thrombus. As for pathological grade, 1 had grade 4 HCC, 61 had grade 3 HCC, and 17 had grade 2 HCC; as for BCLC stage, 5 had BCLC stage 0 HCC, 55 had BCLC stage A HCC, 11 had BCLC stage B HCC, and 8 had BCLC stage C HCC. Western blot showed that the expression level of CRCP in HCC tissue was lower than that in adjacent tissue in 4 patients, and immunohistochemistry showed that the expression level of CRCP in HCC tissue was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissue in 75.9% of the patients. Low CRCP expression was associated with CK19 positivity, incomplete tumor capsule, presence of portal vein tumor thrombus, and high pathological grade ( χ 2 =6.410, 4.829, 9.319, and 9.083, all P < 0.05). Compared with the low CRCP expression group, the high CRCP expression group had a significantly longer overall survival time and a significantly lower recurrence rate ( P < 0.001 and P =0.009). Conclusion Patients with low CRCP expression in HCC tissue tend to have a poorer prognosis than those with high CRCP expression, and CRCP may participate in the development, progression, and metastasis of HCC, suggesting that this molecule can be used as a potential biomarker to predict the prognosis of HCC patients.

Objective:To analyse the material basis and potential mechanism of Acanthopanax senticosus injection (ASI) in the treatment of ischemic stroke by combining UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and network pharmacology.Methods:The chemical composition of ASI was identified by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The Swiss Target Prediction, GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to predict the potential targets for the action of ASI in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The String database and Cytoscape software were used to construct protein interaction network maps, and the Omicshare platform was used to perform gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment analysis. The DockThor platform was used for molecular docking.Results:The analysis of 53 components in ASI was firmly established and used as a basis to obtain 189 related targets of ASI for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Reverse screening showed that 25 components in ASI may be important active components in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Functional enrichment studies found that ASI may mainly regulate PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to treat ischemic stroke.Conclusion:This study preliminarily predicted the mechanism of ASI in the treatment of ischemic stroke may be related to inhibition of inflammation, antioxidant stress, promotion of angiogenesis and protection of nerve cells.

Objective:To establish a qualitative and quantitative analysis method of ginsenoside Rb1, cinnamic acid, paeoniflorin and berberine in Wenxin formula based on UPLC-MS/MS MRM model so as to provide a rapid and accurate evaluation method for the research and development of new drugs.Methods:Adopting Waters ACQUITY UPLCTM HSS T3 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) and gradient elution was performed by mobile methanol-0.03% formic acid water. chromatographic column was used with electrospray ionization source in the scanning mode of multiple reactive ion monitoring (MRM) for ion separation and screening. The retention time and the relative abundance ratio (qualitative ion pairs/quantitative ion pairs) was used for qualitative analysis, while quantitative ion pairs was used for quantitative analysis.Results:The four components tested in Wenxin Formula have been qualitatively detected and showed a good linear relationship, the method showed accuracy, precision, repeatability, and stability, the recovery rate was 96.24%-104.19% and RSD was 1.29%-3.30%. Conclusion:The established method is simple, accurate, rapid and sensitive, which is reliable for the qualitative and quantitative study of the four main components in Wenxin Formula.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disease with unclear pathogenesis. The disease progress/trajectory of AD patients can be adequately described by establishing quantitative pharmacological disease progression model. Integrating biomarker information into the model can provide more insight to understand the potential pathological mechanisms and facilitate the optimization of future trial design. Several empirical and semi-mechanism disease progression models have been published. This mini-review is expected to offer some references for the further AD clinical research and new drug development.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness of abdominal compression in tumor motion and the target volume, and analyze the suitable margins of planning target volume (PTV) for patients treated with lung-SBRT based on 4DCT.Methods:Patients diagnosed with peripheral pulmonary tumor were enrolled. The patients were divided into the whole group, upper-middle-lobe group (group A) and the lower-lobe group (group B). Each patient underwent 3DCT, 4DCT with abdominal compression (4DCT com) and 4DCT with free breath (4DCT free) scans. The GTVs were delineated and IGTVs on these images. PTV MIP 5 mm, PTV MIP 4 mm, PTV MIP 3 mm were constructed with a 5, 4, 3 mm margin in left-right (LR), anterior-posterior (AP) directions and cranial-caudal (CC) directions. Results:The median motion vector with compression reduced by 30.92% in whole group, increased by 3.42% in group A and reduced by 18.80% in group B, respectively. And there were no significant differences of TMA LR, TMA AP, TMA CC and motion vector by the Wilcoxon test ( P>0.05). The median sizes of IGTV MIP com , IGTV MIP free and IGTV10 com, IGTV10 free were 4.01, 5.36 cm 3and 6.59, 7.65 cm 3, with statistically significant difference ( Z=-3.45, -3.14, P<0.01). The median ratio of DI of IGTV CBCT com in PTV MIP 5 mm, PTV MIP 4 mm and PTV MIP 3 mm≥95% was 100%, 100% and 83.33%, respectively. Conclusions:The patients′ respiratory pattern changed with abdominal compression and abdominal compression is useful in reducing the size of IGTV MIP and IGTV10, which could reduce the target volume and protect the normal tissue. Adding a 4 mm margin to IGTV MIP com based on 4DCT account for respiration in SBRT is a tendency for precise radiotherapy.