OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effect and mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside （TWM） on nephrotic syndrome in rats. METHODS The nephrotic syndrome model was established by intravenous injection of adriamycin via the tail vein. The modeling rats were randomly divided into the model group （distilled water）， prednisone group （10 mg/kg）， and TWM high- and low-dose groups （10 and 5 mg/kg， respectively）. Additionally， blank group （distilled water） without model induction was established. Each group consisted of 9 rats. Rats in each group were administered the corresponding drugs or distilled water by gavage， once a day， for 6 consecutive weeks. The histopathological morphology of kidney tissues in rats was observed； the levels of 24-hour urinary protein （24 h-UTP） and serum biochemical indicators [albumin （ALB）， blood urea nitrogen （BUN）， serum creatinine （SCr）， cholesterol （CHOL）， and triglyceride （TG）] in rats were determined； the levels of oxidative stress indicators [superoxide dismutase （SOD）， malondialdehyde （MDA）] in kidney tissue of rats were determined； expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α）/microRNA-155-5p （miR-155-5p）/nuclear factor erythriod 2- related factor 2 （Nrf2） signaling pathway-related mRNA and protein in the renal tissues of rats were detected. RESULTS Compared with the blank group， the rats in the model group exhibited disordered renal tissue structure， with a small amount of glomerular necrosis and edema of the renal tubular epithelial cells. 24 h-UTP， serum levels of SCr， BUN， CHOL and TG， MDA content， mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1α and Keap1 as well as the expression of miR-155-5p in renal tissues were increased significantly （ P ＜0.05）. Serum level of ALB， SOD level in renal tissue as well as mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 were decreased significantly （ P ＜0.05）. Compared with the model group， TWM high-dose and low-dose groups exhibited significant improvements in renal injury， with notable reversals in the levels of the above quantitative indicators （ P ＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS TWM can alleviate oxidative stress-induced damage and thereby improve nephrotic syndrome in rats by regulating the HIF-1α/miR-155-5p/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Objective     To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of da Vinci robot with totally no tube (TNT) versus subxiphoid video-assisted thymectomy surgery (SVATS) in the treatment of thymic tumors. Methods     From 2019 to 2021, a retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with thymic tumor resection in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. All patients underwent total thymectomy and mediastinal fat removal, and they were divided into a TNT group and a SVATS group according to the operation method. The intraoperative blood loss, conversion rate, postoperative visual analogue score (VAS), postoperative hospital stay time and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results     We finally included 435 patiets. There were 168 patients with 83 males and 85 females at an average age of 61.920±9.210 years in the TNT group and 267 patients with 147 males and 120 females at an average age of 61.460±8.119 years in the SVATS group. There was no death or postoperative myasthenic crisis in both groups. There was no statistical difference in postoperative hospital stay (1.540±0.500 d vs. 3.400±0.561 d, P=0.000), intraoperative blood loss (13.450±5.498 mL vs. 108.610±54.462 mL, P=0.000), postoperative 24 h VAS score (4.960±1.757 points vs. 3.600±1.708 points, P=0.000), or postoperative complication rate (3.0% vs. 11.6%, P=0.001). Conclusion     TNT is a more efficient, safe, and effective surgical approach for treating thymic tumors, which can shorten hospital stay time and reduce postoperative complications. However, SVATS can minimize postoperative pain.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the formulation of individualized treatment plan for patients with cardiogenic ischemic stroke. METHODS:For a patient with cardiogenic ischemic stroke,clinical pharmacists adjusted lipid-lowering scheme according to disease progress combined with treatment principle of ischemic stroke and cardiogenic ischemic stroke;recommended second-level prevention and assisted physicians to adjust anti-infective plan according to individual situation of patient. When patients suffered from liver dysfunction,it was recommended to stop using drugs that may cause liver dysfunction,detect renal function damage early,analyze renal function impairment caused by insufficient fluid circulation,timely supplement fluid and provide whole-process pharmaceutical care in respects of anticoagulation, lipid-lowering and anti infection treatment, etc. RESULTS:Physician adopted the recommend of pharmacists and they formulated individualized treatment plan for cardiogenic ischemic stroke patients together;liver and kidney function recovered,and the condition of patient was improved. INR control (1.8)was better at discharge,and discharged education was provided for the patients at the same time. CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists participate in the treatment for the patient with cardiogenic ischemic stroke and assist physicians to optimize treatment plan according to disease condition. When ADR occurs,timely adjustment of treatment plan ensures the safety and effectiveness of patient medication.

OBJECTIVE:To study the preventive effect of Qingnao tablet on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,Naoluotong capsule group (positive control, 0.05 g/kg),Qingnao tablet high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups(1.52,0.76,0.38 g/kg),10 in each group. Rats in all ad-ministration groups were intragastrically given relevant medicines,rats in sham operation group and model group were intragastrical-ly given equal volume of sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution,once a day,for 5 d. After 1 h of last administration,all rats were induced for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model by suture-occluded method except for sham operation group. After 22 h of ischemia-reperfusion,neurological function deficit scoring was conducted;the pathological changes of the hippocampus were ob-served;superoxide dismutase (SOD),adenosine triphosphate (ATP),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)levels in brain tissue were measured. RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group,rats in model group appeared dif-ferent degrees of neurological deficits(score declined),sparse neurons,irregularly arranged in hippocampus as well as other patho-logical changes;ATP,SOD levels in brain tissue were decreased(P<0.01),LDH,TNF-α levels were increased(P<0.01). Com-pared with model group,neurological function deficit scores in Qingnao tablet doses groups were increased(P<0.05),neurologi-cal deficits were improved. Except for sham operation group,brain tissue indexes in other administration groups were significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Qingnao tablet can increase ATP and SOD levels in brain tissue homogenate of model rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion,decrease LDH and TNF-α levels,and obviously improve rats'cerebral ischemia-re-perfusion injury.

Objective To analysis the risk factors for elevated ALT level in patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD).Method Fifty-six (male 25,female 31) NAFLD patients with elevated ALT and 153 NAFLD patients (male 64,female 89) with normal ALT and 160 (male 80,female 80) health subjects were selected.ALT was detected by rate assay,total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C),high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) and uric acid (UA) were detected by enzymatic method.Free fatty acid (FFA) was detected by immunoturbidimetry assay.Spearman correlation was used to analysis the relation between ALT and TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,UA and FFA.Logistic regression was used to analyses the risk factor for elevated ALT level.Results TC,TG,LDL-C,UA and FFA levels were significantly higher in NAFLD group (including normal ALT group and elevated ALT group) than those in health group no matter male and female,HDL-C was significantly lower in these two groups when compared to control group,but binary logistic regression and spearman analysis showed that only UA and FFA were the risk factors for elevated ALT level and significantly positively correlated with ALT level,abnormal UA and FFA for male were associated with 3.96-fold(95CI％ =1.40～ 11.22,P=0.010) and 3.27-fold (95 ％ CI =1.14 ～ 9.40,P =0.028) of increased risk of elevated ALT level respectinely,correlation coefficient were 0.40(P=0.000),0.29(P=0.006),Meanwhile Exp(B) of elevated ALT level for female with abnormal UA,FFA were 4.49 (95CI％=1.79～11.28,P=0.001) and 3.17 (95CI％ =1.25～8.04,P=0.015),correlation coefficient were 0.34 (P =0.000),0.27 (P =0.003).Conclusion Elevated ALT level was not associated with dyslipidemias,but related to UA and FFA.They can be used as candidate markers for predicting severity of liver damage.

Objective To investigate the relationship between acute biliary pancreatitis and pancreaticobiliary maljunction and the role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP) in evaluation of pancreatico biliary maljunction.Methods To compare the liver function indicators of different groups of acute biliary pancreatitis patients(153 cases) associated with pancreatico biliary maljunction and without pancreatico biliary maljunction before and after the conservative treatment.Results The 32 acute biliary pancreatitis patients with pancreatico biliary maljunction detected by MRCP were compared with the 121 cases without pancreatico biliary maljunction.The ALT,AST,GGT after conservative treatment in both group of pancreatico biliary maljunction and Npancreatico biliary maljunction were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).ALT,AST and GGT of pancreatico biliary maljunction group were higher than that of Npancreatico biliary maljunction group with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MRCP as a noninvasive cholangiopancreatography study of pancreatico biliary maljunction is a safe and reliable examination method,pancreatico biliary maljunction is one of the important causes of acute biliary pancreatitis.

A15, a DNA aptamer with binding specificity for U87 glioma cells stably overexpressing the epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (U87-EGFRvIII), was generated by cell systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (cell-SELEX) using a random nucleotide library. Subsequently, we established a cell enzyme-linked assay (cell-ELA) to detect the affinity of A15 compared to an EGFR antibody. We used A15 as a detection probe and cultured U87-EGFRvIII cells as targets. Our data indicate that the equilibrium dissociation constants (K(d)) for A15 were below 100 nmol/L and had similar affinity compared to an EGFR antibody for U87-EGFRvIII. We demonstrated that the cell-ELA was a useful method to determine the equilibrium dissociation constants (K(d)) of aptamers generated by cell-SELEX.
Aptamers, Nucleotide ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Glioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Mutation ; Protein Binding ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; SELEX Aptamer Technique ; methods

The different concentration of specific ion species and the electrodiffusion of the ions down their electrochemical gradient generate transmembrane potential. The regulation of membrane potential for the function of numerous membrane proteins such as ion channels, transporters, pumps and enzymes plays primary role in the conversion of extracellular electric stimulation into a sequence of intracellular biochemical signals. Some ion channels regulated by membrane potential are well known, and the membrane non-ion channels protein is also modulated physiologically by membrane potential.
Humans ; Ion Channel Gating ; physiology ; Ion Channels ; metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of salvianolate on rats with postoperative intestinal adhesion and to explore the prevention mechanism. METHODS: Forty SD male rats with intestinal adhesion were randomly divided into four groups: untreated group, low-dose salvianolate-treated group (12 mg/kg), medium-dose salvianolate-treated group (24 mg/kg) and high-dose salvianolate-treated group (48 mg/kg), with another ten SD male rats as normal control. Intraperitoneal injection of glucose was administered to the rats in the normal control group and the untreated group, and intraperitoneal injection of salvianolate was administered to the rats in the low-, medium- and high-dose salvianolate-treated groups. They were all treated for 8 days and once a day. On the eighth day after surgery the blood samples of each group were collected. Grades of intestinal adhesion were ranked by macroscopic observation. The adhesive tissues between viscera and belly wall were taken for pathological observation. The levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Salvianolate can significantly reduce the extent of postoperative intestinal adhesion, obviously decrease the levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and inhibit the hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue. However, there was no significant impact on the level of IL-4. CONCLUSION: Salvianolate can reduce the extent of postoperative intestinal adhesion, decrease the expression of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha and inhibit the hyperplasy of fibrous connective tissue. This may be the mechanism of salvianolate in preventing intestinal adhesion.

Objective To explore the role of granulocyte macrophage colonystimulating factor(GM-CSF),C reaction protein(CRP)and tumor necrosis factor-?lpha(TNF?)in infant cytomegalovirus hepatitis.Methods Cytomegalovirus DNA of 56 cases of children with cytomegalovirus hepatitis and 51 normal controls in blood were detected using FQ-PCR.The levels of GM-CSF and TNF?in serum were assayed with ELISA,and CRP was measured with immunoturbidmemetry assay.Results The levels of M-CSF,CRP and TNF? in serum of infant cytomegalovirus hepatitis were higher obviously than those in serum of the normal control group.Conclution M-CSF,CRP and TNF? participate in pathological immune response and anti-infective immunity of cytomegalovirus hepatitis.