Bamboo jar therapy of Zhuang medicine is a combination of cupping therapy,acupuncture and hot compress of medicine,which is simple,convenient and cost-effective.There are differences in the production of bamboo cans(species,acquisition cycle,diameter,tank length,wall thickness),liquid medicine,and operation process among different regions.These three aspects hinder its wide application and promotion.Therefore,it is particularly important to formulate unified practice standards and norms.Based on the combination of literature research and clinical experience,this paper proposes a standardized draft to respond to the above three perspectives.The authors would like to provide a reference for doctors to understand and master this therapy,so that patients can enjoy this therapy.

Senior care workers specializing in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) healthcare have become an indispensable force in institutional care, community care, and home care. The first Chinese nursing service team aimed to improve the health of the elderly by providing continuous services for physical and mental well-being, disease prevention, physical amelioration, and overall health enhancement using TCM concepts, methods, and technologies. The primary purpose of formulating this TCM health and elderly care worker service specification was to standardize services within the TCM elderly care industry, ensuring that the elderly receive better health and elderly care services supported by technical expertise. This specification outlined the basic requirements for TCM health and elderly care workers, including standards for service content, service quality control, service evaluation, and improvement. It primarily focused on the content and requirements of TCM health and elderly care services, such as constitution identification, life care, acupoint healthcare, and TCM auxiliary nursing for elderly individuals with chronic diseases. This specification is applicable to TCM health and elderly care personnel at various levels of hospitals and healthcare institutions and is noted for its strong applicability and effectiveness.

The rising demand for child care is putting a strain on parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), particularly the mothers. This study investigated Chinese mothers of children with ASD and examined the factors associated with maternal mental health. An online national survey was completed by the parents of 5077 ASD children and adolescents aged 0‍‒‍17 years. A total of 28.0% of the mothers reported poor mental health status. Mothers with children aged 10‍‒‍13 years had a lower chance of having poor mental health status than mothers with children aged 0‒2 years (odds ratio (OR) 0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.43‍‒‍0.91). Mothers of children with high-functioning autism were less likely to have poor mental health status than those of children with low-functioning autism (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.62‍‒‍0.94). Having children with comorbidities was related with a higher risk of poor mental status (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.35‒1.81), as were having conflicts with other family members (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.22‍‒‍1.70) and providing full-time care (OR 1.22, CI 1.06‍‒‍1.41). A higher-than-average family income was associated with lower risk of having poor mental health status (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.58‍‒‍0.82). Factors related to the children and family, and providing full-time care, have a significant effect on mothers' mental health status. Reducing obstacles to work and social interaction, as well as tackling the financial burden of raising an ASD child, may help improve the well-being of mothers.
Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology* ; Mothers/psychology* ; Female ; Child ; Adolescent ; Mental Health ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Adult ; Infant ; China/epidemiology* ; Infant, Newborn ; Self Report ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Middle Aged

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Soy isoflavone (SIF) and soy lecithin (SL) have beneficial effects on many chronic diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. Regretfully, there is little evidence to show the combined effects of these soy extractives on the impairment of cognition and abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF). This study examined the optimal combination dose of SIF + SL to provide evidence for improving CBF and protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cells.MATERIALS/METHODS: In vivo study, SIF50 + SL40, SIF50 + SL80 and SIF50 + SL160 groups were obtained. Morris water maze, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), and hematoxylineosin staining were used to detect learning and memory impairment, CBF, and damage to the cerebrovascular tissue in rat. The 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were detected. The anti-oxidative damage index of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of an animal model was also tested. In vitro study, an immortalized mouse brain endothelial cell line (bEND.3 cells) was used to confirm the cerebrovascular endothelial cell protection of SIF + SL. In this study, 50 μM of Gen were used, while the 25, 50, or 100 μM of SL for different incubation times were selected first. The intracellular levels of 8-OHdG, SOD, GSH, and GSSG were also detected in the cells. RESULTS: In vivo study, SIF + SL could increase the target crossing times significantly and shorten the total swimming distance of rats. The CBF in the rats of the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group was enhanced. Pathological changes, such as attenuation of the endothelium in cerebral vessels were much less in the SIF50 + SL40 group and SIF50 + SL160 group. The 8-OHdG was reduced in the SIF50 + SL40 group. The GSSG showed a significant decrease in all SIF + SL pretreatment groups, but the GSH showed an opposite result. SOD was upregulated by SIF + SL pretreatment. Different combinations of Genistein (Gen)+SL, the secondary proof of health benefits found in vivo study, showed they have effective antioxidation and less side reaction on protecting cerebrovascular endothelial cell. SIF50 + SL40 in rats experiment and Gen50 + SL25 in cell test were the optimum joint doses on alleviating cognitive impairment and regulating CBF through protecting cerebrovascular tissue by its antioxidant activity. CONCLUSIONS SIF+SL could significantly prevent cognitive defect induced by β-Amyloid through regulating CBF. This kind of effect might be attributed to its antioxidant activity on protecting cerebral vessels.

Objective:To study the impacts of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and gestational weight gain (GWG) on perinatal outcomes and mode of delivery.Methods:From November 2016 to December 2017, single-pregnancy women in early pregnancy (<13 weeks) regularly checked-up at our hospital were enrolled in this prospective cohort study and followed up until delivery. They were assigned into four groups according to pre-pregnancy BMI: obese group (≥28.0 kg/m 2), overweight group(24.0-<28.0 kg/m 2), normal group (18.5-<24.0 kg/m 2) and underweight group(<18.5 kg/m 2). A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy to screen for GDM. The optimal GWG was 11.0-16.0 kg for underweight group, 8.0-14.0 kg for normal group, 7.0-11.0 kg for overweight group and 5.0-9.0 kg for obesity group. The effects of pre-pregnancy BMI, GDM and GWG on perinatal outcomes and delivery mode were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression methods. Results:A total of 802 pregnant women were included. The incidences of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity were 21.8% and 8.9%, respectively. The incidence of GDM was 14.1%. 57.2% of the participants experienced excessive GWG. The incidences of macrosomia, low birth weight and premature birth were 7.1%, 2.7% and 2.2%, respectively. The incidence of Cesarean delivery (C-section) was 37.7%. Pre-pregnancy obesity [adjusted odds ratio ( AOR)=4.355, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.900-9.980] and excessive GWG ( AOR=3.799, 95% CI 1.796-8.034) were independent risk factors for macrosomia. Excessive GWG was a protective factor for low birth weight ( AOR=0.279, 95% CI 0.084-0.928) and inadequate GWG was a risk factor for low birth weight ( AOR=10.954, 95% CI 3.594-33.382) and premature birth ( AOR=8.796, 95% CI 2.628-29.438). Compared with the normal group, overweight group had an increased risk of C-section ( AOR=1.817, 95% CI 1.119-2.949). Compared with pregnant women without pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, GDM nor excessive GWG, any combination of two of the above-mentioned three factors increased the risks of macrosomia ( AOR=3.908, 95% CI 1.630-9.370) and C-section ( AOR=2.269, 95% CI 1.325-3.886). The risks of macrosomia and C-section were the highest when all three factors existed. Conclusions:Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive GWG are independent risk factors for macrosomia and pre-pregnancy overweight is a risk factor of C-section. Exposure to any two of the three factors (pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, GDM and excessive GWG) increases risks of macrosomia and C-section and the highest risk is observed when all three factors are present.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture plus Dang Gui Bu Xue Qu Feng Tang for benign essential blepharospasm (BEB). Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed. A total of 105 participants were randomized 1:1:1 into an acupuncture group, a herbal medicine group and an acupuncture plus herbal medicine group. Participants in the acupuncture group received manual acupuncture treatment, twice a week. Participants in the herbal medicine group received Dang Gui Bu Xue Qu Feng Tang, oral administration, once a day. Participants in the acupuncture plus herbal medicine group received both treatments. The therapeutic effects of the three groups were evaluated after four weeks of treatment. The primary outcome was the Jankovic rating scale (JRS) score, and the secondary outcome was the blepharospasm disability index (BSDI) score. Results: After four weeks of treatment, the JRS total scores significantly decreased in all three groups versus baseline (P<0.05). A greater reduction in the JRS total score was reported in participants in the acupuncture plus herbal medicine group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the acupuncture group and the herbal medicine group (P>0.05). The acupuncture plus herbal medicine group had a greater decrease in the JRS severity score than the herbal medicine group (P<0.05). The reduction in the JRS frequency score was not significantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). The BSDI scores significantly decreased in all three groups versus baseline (P<0.05), but the reduction in the BSDI score was insignificantly different among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: It is effective in the treatment of BEB either to use acupuncture and Dang Gui Bu Xue Qu Feng Tang alone or in combination. The combination therapy shows a more significant effect than either of the treatment alone.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of neonate with arrhythmia and the potential risk factors for cardiac insufficiency.Methods:Research data were collected from the cases of neonate with arrhythmia from January 2017 to June 2021 at the Neonatology Department at Children′s Hospital Capital Institute of Pediatrics.A retrospective analysis was conducted to summarize the clinical features and analyze the risk factors of arrhythmia leading to cardiac insufficiency.Results:A total of 90 cases were enrolled, with a male to female ratio of 1.43∶1(53∶37), and the median gestational age was 39(37, 40)weeks; with 16(17.8%) premature infants, 74 full-term infants(82.2%), and the median onset age was 3(0, 11)days.In this group, 63.3% cases(57/90)were irregular rhythmic arrhythmias, of which 66.7%(38/57)were atrial premature contractions, 23.3%(21/90) were tachyarrhythmias, and 13.3%(12/90)were bradyarrhythmias.Additionally, 80.0%(72/90)of the cases had no typical clinical manifestations.Besides, 37.7%(34/90)of the patients had single infection factor, and 4.4%(4/90)of the patients had infection with perinatal hypoxia asphyxia.The ratio of the premature birth, maternal autoimmune diseases and the tachyarrhythmia were higher in heart failure group than those in normal heart function group(71.4% vs.13.3%, P<0.001; 28.6% vs.3.6%, P=0.006; 100% vs.16.9%, P<0.001). The random forest model showed that the factors of premature delivery and maternal autoimmune disease had the greatest influence on cardiac function, and the analysis of 21 tachyarrhythmias showed that the duration of arrhythmia had the greatest influence on cardiac function. Conclusion:Atrial premature contraction is the most common in neonate with arrhythmia, and with non-typical clinical manifestations.The infection and the infection combined with perinatal asphyxia are the main influencing factors of neonate with arrhythmia.Premature delivery, maternal autoimmune disease and the duration of tachyarrhythmias are the main risk factors of neonatal arrhythmias leading to cardiac dysfunction.

Objective:To study the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and genetic characteristics of neonatal-onset protein C deficiency (PCD).Methods:The clinical data of a newborn patient with severe PCD admitted to our neonatal department was reviewed. Databases including CNKI, Wanfang Database, CMB, VIP database, PubMed, Embase and SCI database were searched using" infantile", " neonate ", "newborn", "protein C deficiency" and "purpura fulminans" as key words. Published cases of PCD were analyzed.Results:The patient was a full-term female infant who developed multiple symptoms within 2 days after birth. The symptoms included thrombocytopenia, intracranial hemorrhage, purpura fulminans (PF), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), celiac hemorrhage, hypertension, portal and iliac vein thrombosis, purulent meningitis and retinal detachment. Protein C activity was less than 10%. Genetic tests showed compound heterozygous mutations c.314G>T (p.c105f) of paternal origin and c.1218G>A (p.m406i) of maternal origin in PROC gene. According to ACMG guidelines, the mutations were strongly suspected pathogenic variants and consistent with an autosomal recessive (AR) inheritance pattern. The patient was discharged after 6 weeks of treatment at parents' request of withdrawal. A total of 25 articles on 29 patients with relatively complete clinical data were retrieved, including 18 males and 11 females. 4 patients were preterm and 25 full-term. 28 patients showed symptoms within 7 days after birth. The common clinical features were cutaneous PF and splanchnic thrombi. 22 cases documented protein C activity and ranged from 0 to 25%. 16 patients had PROC gene abnormalities and compound heterozygous mutations were found in 10 patients. Among the 22 patients with prognostic data, 11 died (9 within 3 months after birth), the remaining survivors suffered from sequelae including severe intellectual motor development disorder, epilepsy and blindness.Conclusions:The main clinical manifestations of neonatal-onset PCD include PF, DIC, multi-organ hemorrhage and thrombus. The disease is acute and severe, with rapid progression, poor prognosis and high fatality rate. Protein C activity and PROC gene testing may help establish the diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the factors that influence the number of oocytes retrieved of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing unstimulated natural cycles and the association between the number of oocytes retrieved and in vitro maturation (IVM) outcomes. Methods:This retrospective cohort study reviewed clinical data of 586 patients with PCOS undergoing unstimulated natural cycle at Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University Third Hospital from 2006 January 1 to 2019 December 31. All patients were divided into three groups according to the number of oocytes retrieved (0-8, 9-19, ≥20). Basic information, basal endocrine hormones, oocyte and embryo development index and clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups.Results:Luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) [1.00(0.61,1.76), 1.41 (0.86, 1.96), 1.62(0.96, 2.14)], testosterone [1.07 (0.69, 1.91) nmol/L, 1.28 (0.77, 1.95) nmol/L, 1.67 (1.03, 2.75) nmol/L] and antral follicle count (AFC) [24 (19,24), 24 (24, 30), 30 (24, 40)] were significantly different among 0-8 group, 9-19 group and ≥20 group (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AFC was a significant factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved ( P9-19/0-8=0.002, P≥20/0-8<0.001), and LH/FSH was an significant internal factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved ( P9-19/0-8=0.006, P≥20/0-8=0.003) after the removal of AFC. Results of the analysis in patients after propensity score matching (PSM) showed that the number of oocytes retrieved was negatively correlated with oocyte maturation rate [0-8 group: 48.0% (242/504), 9-19 group: 44.8% (539/1202), ≥20 group: 40.4% (1067/2640), P=0.001], fertilization rate [0-8 group: 31.7% (160/504), 9-19 group: 25.5% (306/1202), ≥20 group∶ 23.7% (625/2640), P=0.001] and transferable embryo rate [0-8 group: 19.2% (97/504), 9-19 group: 11.6% (140/1202),≥20 group: 6.0% (153/2540), P<0.001], while positively correlated with transferable embryo formation cycle rate [0-8 group: 51.1% (47/92), 9-19 group: 66.3% (61/92), ≥20 group: 73.9% (68/92), P=0.005]. There were no differences in clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles, cumulative clinical pregnancy rate and cumulative live birth rate among the three groups. Conclusion:AFC has predictive value for the number of oocytes retrieved in natural cycles, and LH/FSH is an important internal factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved. Oocyte maturation quality and development potential decrease with the increase of the number of oocytes retrieved in natural cycles, which has no direct effect on clinical outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the factors that influence the number of oocytes retrieved of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing unstimulated natural cycles and the association between the number of oocytes retrieved and in vitro maturation (IVM) outcomes. Methods:This retrospective cohort study reviewed clinical data of 586 patients with PCOS undergoing unstimulated natural cycle at Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Peking University Third Hospital from 2006 January 1 to 2019 December 31. All patients were divided into three groups according to the number of oocytes retrieved (0-8, 9-19, ≥20). Basic information, basal endocrine hormones, oocyte and embryo development index and clinical outcomes were compared among the three groups.Results:Luteinizing hormone (LH)/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) [1.00(0.61,1.76), 1.41 (0.86, 1.96), 1.62(0.96, 2.14)], testosterone [1.07 (0.69, 1.91) nmol/L, 1.28 (0.77, 1.95) nmol/L, 1.67 (1.03, 2.75) nmol/L] and antral follicle count (AFC) [24 (19,24), 24 (24, 30), 30 (24, 40)] were significantly different among 0-8 group, 9-19 group and ≥20 group (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that AFC was a significant factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved ( P9-19/0-8=0.002, P≥20/0-8<0.001), and LH/FSH was an significant internal factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved ( P9-19/0-8=0.006, P≥20/0-8=0.003) after the removal of AFC. Results of the analysis in patients after propensity score matching (PSM) showed that the number of oocytes retrieved was negatively correlated with oocyte maturation rate [0-8 group: 48.0% (242/504), 9-19 group: 44.8% (539/1202), ≥20 group: 40.4% (1067/2640), P=0.001], fertilization rate [0-8 group: 31.7% (160/504), 9-19 group: 25.5% (306/1202), ≥20 group∶ 23.7% (625/2640), P=0.001] and transferable embryo rate [0-8 group: 19.2% (97/504), 9-19 group: 11.6% (140/1202),≥20 group: 6.0% (153/2540), P<0.001], while positively correlated with transferable embryo formation cycle rate [0-8 group: 51.1% (47/92), 9-19 group: 66.3% (61/92), ≥20 group: 73.9% (68/92), P=0.005]. There were no differences in clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate per fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles, cumulative clinical pregnancy rate and cumulative live birth rate among the three groups. Conclusion:AFC has predictive value for the number of oocytes retrieved in natural cycles, and LH/FSH is an important internal factor affecting the number of oocytes retrieved. Oocyte maturation quality and development potential decrease with the increase of the number of oocytes retrieved in natural cycles, which has no direct effect on clinical outcomes.