OBJECTIVES: To investigate the ethnic origin of Chuanqing people, one of the largest unidentified ethnic groups in Guizhou, China, and analyze its genetic relationships with surrounding populations. METHODS: Based on a self-developed microhaplotype system, we conducted genotyping and analyzed the genetic distribution of microhaplotype loci and their forensic applicability in Chuanqing population in Guizhou Province. Using the microhaplotype data from different intercontinental populations and previously reported data from Han population living in Guizhou Province, we systematically investigated the genetic background of Chuanqing people through population genetic approaches, including genetic distance estimation, principal component analysis, and phylogenetic tree construction. RESULTS: Among the studied population, the number of haplotype per microhaplotype ranged from 6 to 25. The average expected heterozygosity (He), observed heterozygosity (Ho), power of discrimination (PD), and probability of exclusion (PE) were 0.8291, 0.8301, 0.9387, and 0.6593, respectively. The cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) for these 33 loci were 1-2.62×10^-41 and 1-7.64×10^-17, respectively. Population genetic analyses revealed that the Chuanqing population had close genetic relationships with the East Asian populations, especially the local Guizhou Han population, Beijing Han population and the Han populations living in southern China. CONCLUSIONS The 33 microhaplotypes exhibit high levels of genetic diversity in the Guizhou Chuanqing population, highlighting their potentials for both forensic identification and parentage testing. The Han populations might have contributed a significant amount of genetic material to the Chuanqing population during the formation and development of the latter.
Humans ; China/ethnology* ; Ethnicity/genetics* ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; Phylogeny ; East Asian People/genetics*

Objective:To investigate the impact of ubiquitin-specific protease 38 (USP38) on the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells.Methods:Between March and September 2023, tissue samples were collected from 18 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, and had complete clinical data. The samples included tumor tissue, adjacent tumor tissue, and normal tissue. Among the patients, there were 12 males and 6 females, aged between 34 and 71 years, with an average age of 62.5 years. The expression levels of USP38 in different tissue samples were validated using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The functional significance of USP38 was verified through cell experiments and human tissue samples by knocking down or exogenously overexpressing USP38. Potential molecular mechanisms of USP38 were validated through qRT-PCR, MTT, Transwell, Western blot, mass spectrometry, clone formation assays, and immunoprecipitation. Measurement data with a normal distribution are expressed as the mean±standard deviation ( ± s). Comparisons between groups were performed using a t-test or one-way analysis of variance. Measurement data with a skewed distribution were described as [ M( Q1, Q3)], and comparisons between groups were performed using non-parametric tests. Comparisons between counting data were performed using the chi-squared test or Fisher′s exact probability method, with P<0.05 indicating a statistically significant difference. Results:qRT-PCR confirmed that USP38 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues compared to normal and paratumor tissues. Furthermore, mass spectrometry analysis identified FASN as a potential downstream target of USP38, and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated a positive correlation between its expression level and USP38. USP38 was highly expressed in the SGC7901, AGS, and HGC27 gastric cancer cell lines. Knockdown of USP38 reduced FASN expression, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and migration abilities. While the ability of cell proliferation and migration was increased significantly.Conclusions:USP38 is highly expressed in gastric cancer cells and promotes their proliferation and migration, potentially through downstream FASN-mediated fatty acid synthesis.

Objective:To investigate the perioperative safety, short-term and long-term efficacy, and surgical strategy of laparoscopic partial gastrectomy for gastrointestinal stromal tumors at the esophagogastric junction.Methods:Seventy-eight patients with mesenchymal tumors in the esophagogastric junction were retrospectively enrolled from September 2018 to August 2023 in which the upper edge of the tumor is less than 2 cm from the Z-line or has invaded the Z-line <1/2 circumference. There were 31 males (39.7%) and 47 females (60.3%), with an average age of (57.2±11.8) years and an average body mass index of (24.5±3.5) kg/m 2. All cases were divided into the wedge resection (WR) group ( n=51) and the resection by opening all of the layers of the stomach wall (RASW) group ( n=27) according to the surgical methods. Surgical outcomes, complications, recover and postoperative gastroesophageal reflux of both groups were compared. The measurement data with a normal distribution were represented by mean±standard deviation ( ± s), and values were compared using the independent sample t-test. The measurement data with a skewed distribution were represented by median (interquartile range) [ M( Q1, Q3)], and values were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as examples (percentages) [ n(%)], and the χ2 test was used to compare countable data. A non-parametric test was used to compare the grade data. Results:The WR group had shorter operation time [(97.1±32.6) min vs (149.9±54.9) min, t=-5.33, P<0.001], less intraoperative blood loss [15(10, 20) mL vs 20(10, 50) mL, z=-2.47, P=0.014], shorter postoperative exhaust time [2(1, 3) d vs 3(2, 3) d, z=-2.49, P=0.013], shorter postoperative oral intake time [2(2, 3) d vs 4(2, 5) d, t=-3.70, P<0.001], shorter postoperative semi-liquid diet time[5(4, 6) d vs 7(5, 8) d, z=-3.57, P<0.001], and shorter postoperative hospital stay [5(4, 6) d vs 7(6, 8) d, z=-4.16, P<0.001] than the RASW group, with statistically significant differences. There was no significant difference in short-term (≤30 days) complications between the two groups (2.0% vs 3.7%, z=-0.46, P=0.648). No cases of cardia stenosis occurred in either group. In the WR group, 3 patients developed gastroesophageal reflux at 6 months postoperatively, with 2 patients relieved after taking acid-suppressing drugs and 1 patient not completely relieved. In the RASW group, 1 patient developed gastroesophageal reflux at 6 months postoperatively and was not completely relieved after taking acid-suppressing drugs. No other patients had gastroesophageal reflux. No other patients have gastroesophageal reflux. Conclusions:WR and RASW are safe and feasible for mesenchymal tumors at the esophagogastric junction in which the upper edge of the tumor is less than 2 cm from the Z-line or has invaded the Z-line <1/2 circumference, and has achieved an excellent short-term effect. The choice of surgical approach can be determined based on varions factors such as the location of the tumor, the relationship of the position between the tumor and the cardia, and whether the tumor is exophytic growth.

Objective:To explore the factors influencing lymph node metastasis and prognosis in patients with Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 239 patients with Siewert Type Ⅱ/Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction who underwent surgical treatment at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, from July 2013 to December 2022. Among them, there were 204 males and 35 females. The patients′ ages ranged from 27 to 83 years, with a mean age of 63.1 years. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software, with categorical data presented as n(%) and compared using χ2 tests, corrected χ2 tests, or Fisher′s exact tests. Ordinal data were expressed as frequencies and percentages and compared using rank-sum tests. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Logistic regression, and survival analysis was performed using the Cox regression model. Follow-up was conducted every 6 months, with the last follow-up conducted in November 2023. Results:Multivariate analysis identified infiltration depth ( OR=0.038, 95% CI: 0.011-0.139, P<0.001), tumor deposit ( OR=0.101, 95% CI: 0.011-0.904, P=0.040) and intravascular cancer embolus ( OR=0.234, 95% CI: 0.108-0.507, P<0.001) as independent predictors of LNM. Lymph nodes No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, and 11 were more prone to metastasis in the abdominal cavity. Notably, Siewert Ⅲ AEG patients showed a higher metastatic rate in nodes No. 5 and No. 6 compared to Siewert Ⅱ. Mediastinal LNM was predominantly found in nodes No. 110 and No. 111 for Siewert Ⅱ AEG, with rates of 5.45% and 3.64%, respectively. A three-year survival analysis underscored LNM as a significant prognostic factor ( P=0.001). Conclusions:Siewert Ⅱ AEG patients should undergo removal of both celiac and mediastinal lymph nodes, specifically nodes No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 110, and 111. Dissection of nodes No. 5 and No. 6 is not indicated for these patients. In contrast, Siewert Ⅲ AEG patients do not require mediastinal LND, but pyloric lymphadenectomy for nodes No.5 and No.6 is essential. The presence of LNM is associated with poorer long-term prognosis. Perioperative chemotherapy may offer a survival advantage for AEG patients.

Objective:To explore the perioperative safety and postoperative short-and long-term efficacy of stomach-partitioning gastrojejunostomy (SPGJ) with distal selective vagotomy (DSV) for treating benign gastric outlet obstruction (GOO).Methods:The clinical data of 26 benign GOO patients treated by Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2019 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 20 males (76.9%) and 6 females (23.1%), aged from 25 to 75 years, with an average age of (55.8±13.6) years, and an average body mass index (BMI) of (20.1±3.4) kg/m 2. There were 12 cases in SPGJ-DSV group and 14 cases in SPGJ group. The main outcome was the gastrointestinal quality of life index (GIQLI) 1 year after surgery in both groups. Independent sample t-test was used to test the difference between the continuous variables with normal distribution. The comparison between groups of non-normal distribution continuous variables was tested by Mann-Whitney U test. Counting data were compared using Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of operative time ( P=0.071), intraoperative blood loss ( P=0.422), time to pass gas ( P=0.538), time to liquid intake ( P=0.386), postoperative hospitalization ( P=0.431), complications within 30 days after surgery ( P=0.999), and postoperative GOOSS grade ( P=0.483). Among them, postoperative DGE occurred in one patient in each of the two groups, both of which were grade A. In the follow-up results, compared with the SPGJ group, SPGJ-DSV group had a significant advantage in GIQLI score, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.028). The incidence of gastric ulcer, reflux esophagitis, bile reflux and gastritis in SPGJ-DSV group was 8.3%, 8.3%, 8.3% and 58.3%, while that in SPGJ group was 35.7%, 21.4%, 21.4% and 57.1%, respectively, but there was no statistical significance between groups. Conclusion:In the treatment of benign GOO patients, SPGJ with DSV did not significantly increase the difficulty of laparoscopic procedures, operative time and intraoperative blood loss. Moreover, it showed a significant advantage in gastrointestinal quality of life 1 year after surgery. In addition, the incidence rates of gastric ulcers and reflux esophagitis were lower in the SPGJ-DSV group 1 year after surgery, but further confirmation is needed in large sample studies.

Objective:This study examined the development trend and research hotspot of cardiopulmonary brain resuscitation in the last ten years by a visual analysis of the literature on post-cardiac arrest brain injury.Methods:English articles were acquired from the Web of Sciences (WOS) core database. CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software was used to analyze annual publications, countries, institutions, authors. We identified the trending research areas by analyzing collaborative networks, keywords co-occurrence, burst detection analysis, timeline and time-zone diagrams.Results:The search included 10 867 articles in the WOS core database from Jan 1, 2013 to Oct 25, 2023. In the last ten years, the top 3 nations were the United States, China, and Japan, with the United States having the most citation of 3691 and an centrality of 0.47. The author with the highest number of publications was Hans Friberg from Sweden. The top 5 most frequent keywords in WOS were cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, resuscitation, survival, outcome. Keyword cluster analysis showed 4 clusters, including: #0 of-hospital cardiac arrest, #1 traumatic brain injury, #2 targeted temperature management, #3 global cerebral ischemia. Keyword burst showed that the top 5 ranked by strength are mild hypothermia, emergency cardiovascular care, neuron specific enolase, cerebral ischemia, epinephrine, and the top 5 ranked by the year of burst begins are out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, cpr, epinephrine, coma, and task force. The timeline and time zone charts indicated that, starting in 2017, the main fields of study concentration were traumatic brain injury and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Additionally, extracorporeal membrane, intensive care, risk factors, and electroencephalography were identified as new high-frequency keywords.Conclusions:Over the past ten years, the research hotspots on post-cardiac arrest brain injury include out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, traumatic brain injury, and target temperature control. The research development trends will be extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, critical care, and EEG.

Objective:To understand the status of nurses' job burnout in emergency department in China and to provide a scientific basis for making intervention measures by systematically review incidence and influencing factors of nurses' job burnout in emergency department in China.Methods:Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, China Biology Medicine disc, WanFang Data, VIP and CNKI databases were searched to collect literatures related to nurses' job burnout in emergency department in China, and the search time was from the construction of the database to July 2019. Two researchers performed quality evaluation and data extraction on the literature to conduct a systematic review and studies that were consistent with quantitative analysis were given meta-analysis by Stata 12.0.Results:A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria and reported the occurrence of nurses' job burnout in emergency department in China. A total of 91.3% (21/23) of studies used the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Meta-analysis based on 13 studies showed that 42% of nurses experienced high emotional exhaustion, 43% were highly depersonalized and 57% had low personal accomplishment. Factors related to job burnout might include age, gender, marital status, night shifts, lifestyle, workplace violence, empathy, social support and so on.Conclusions:The incidences of high emotional exhaustion, high depersonalization and low personal accomplishment of nurses in emergency department in China are relatively higher, and managers need to implement targeted intervention strategies based on their influencing factors.

Lemierre syndrome is a rare, potentially fatal condition characterized by internal jugular vein thrombosis following an acute oropharyngeal infection, often accompanied with cervical necrotizing fasciitis. This paper reviews 5 cases of Lemierre syndrome with cervical necrotizing fasciitis, extensive cervical drainage and sufficient antibiotics is crucial treatment for Lemierre syndrome, anticoagulation combined with antibiotics is safe and effective for propagation or nonresolution of the thrombus.

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of combination of low-dose HBIg and Nucleoside analogues on recurrence of hepatitis B after liver transplantation. Methods Retrospectively analyzed HBV status and recurrence in patients accepting Nucleoside analogues plus low-dose HBIg as prophylaxis treatment after liver transplantation for HBV-related end-stage liver disease from December 1998 to Octomber 2009 in our center. Results In all the 1506 patients whose survival time >30 d after liver transplantation, 37 patients showed HBV recurrence, the HBV cumulative-recurrence rate of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6y was 1.3%,2. 4%,2. 7%,2. 9%,3. 7% and 4.6% respectively. The time of recurrence varied from 0. 3 to 66. 6 months (median 12. 8 months) after transplantation. Virus mutation could be tested in 9 cases of the 37 recurrence patients, including 4 YMDD cases, 2 YMDD + YIDD cases, 1 YMDD+YVDD cases, 1 YVDD case,and 1 YIDD case. Conclusions Liver transplantation is the principal therapeutic method for the patient with end-stage liver diseases related to HBV, with the effectively prophylaxis treatment to aim directly at HBV recurrence. If the patients who got HBV recurrence received targeted treatments, the situation can be controlled satisfactorily.