Objective To develop the assessment scale of proactive health behavior ability for the disabled elderly in nursing homes and to test its reliability and validity.Methods The first draft of the scale was formed by literature review,qualitative interviews and Delphi method.From December 2023 to March 2024,525 disabled elderly people from 9 nursing homes in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City were selected as the survey subjects,and item analysis and reliability and validity test were carried out on the scale.30 disabled elderly people were re-investigated after 2 weeks to calculate the retest reliability of the scale.Results The scale consisted of 4 dimensions and 27 items.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors,with the cumulative vanance contribution rate of 65.992％,and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified model fitting index was within acceptable range.The content validity index at item level was 0.917-1.000,and that at scale level was 0.997.The Cronbach's α coefficient,test-retest reliability and split-half reliability of the total scale were 0.944,0.997 and 0.882,respectively.Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity,and it can be used to evaluate the proactive health behavior ability of the disabled elderly in nursing homes.

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-199a-5p on common bile duct ligation(BDL)-induced liver fibrosis in rats by regulating intestinal flora.Methods The 25 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:the Sham group,the BDL group,the negative control adenovirus(NC adv)group,the miR-199a-5p adv group and the miR-199a-5p sponge adv group.The pathological changes of liver tissue and the degree of liver fibrosis were ob-served by HE,Masson and Sirius Red staining.The levels of aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine amin-otransferase(ALT),total bilirubin(TBIL)and direct bilirubin(DBIL)in serum of rats were determined by a fully automatic biochemical analyzer.The mRNA expression level of miR-199a-5p in liver tissue of rats was detec-ted by qRT-PCR.The protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and collagen type 1 alpha 1(COL1A1)in liver tissue of rats were detected by double immunofluorescence staining and Western blot experi-ment.Rat feces were collected for 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.Results The expression of miR-199a-5p was up-regulated in the liver tissue of BDL rats(P＜0.01).Compared with the NC adv group,the degree of liver injury and collagen deposition were relatively serious,the levels of AST,ALT,TBIL and DBIL in serum and the expression levels of α-SMA and COL1A1 in liver tissue increased in the miR-199a-5p adv group(all P＜0.05).However,the results of miR-199a-5p sponge adv intervention were opposite(all P＜0.05).The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that rats treated with miR-199a-5p adv were characterized by increased diversity and richness of intestinal microbiota,changed composition of intestinal microbiota,while the results of miR-199a-5p sponge adv interfering with the bacterial community were opposite(all P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-199a-5p promotes liver fibrosis of BDL rats,and its mechanism may be related to regulating the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbiota.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qingxuan Zhike granules in improving cough symptoms and shortening the course of influenza (wind-heat invading lung) in children.Methods:In this multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial, a total of 240 outpatient influenza patients from 7 hospitals, including the First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, from April 2023 to December 2023 were collected.The subjects were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group via SAS software using the block randomization method.The differences between two groups were compared with t test, corrected t test and χ2 test.Subjects in the control group were given Oseltamivir phosphate granules, orally, twice a day (weight ≤15 kg, 30 mg/time; weight >15-23 kg, 45 mg/time; weight >23-40 kg, 60 mg/time; weight >40 kg, 75 mg/time; age≥13 years, 75 mg/time).In addition to Oseltamivir phosphate granules, subjects in the experimental group were also given Qingxuan Zhike granules, orally, 3 times a day (1-3 years old, 1/2 bag each time; >3-6 years old, 3/4 bag each time; >6-14 years old, 1 bag each time).After 5 days of treatment, the medication was suspended for 2 days.The effect of cough, antipyretic effect, clinical recovery rate, clinical recovery time, Canadian Acute Respiratory Illness and Flu Scale (CARIFS) score, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome effect, complication rate, and adverse reactions were evaluated between the two groups. Results:Finally, 232 cases were included in the study, including 115 cases in the experimental group and 117 cases in the control group.Before and after treatment, there were no significant difference in CARIFS cough score between the experimental group and the control group (all P>0.05).After treatment, the change in CARIFS cough score in the experimental group [(-1.00±0.91) scores]was significantly higher than that in the control group [(-0.75±0.98) scores] ( t=-1.995, P=0.047).After treatment, the change in TCM syndrome cough score in the experimental group [(-1.69±1.51) scores] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(-0.97±1.63) scores] ( t′=-0.035, P=0.001).The time of complete regression of fever in the experimental group [(44.82±22.72) h] was shorter than that in the control group [(51.35±27.07) h], and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=-1.966, P=0.050).The fever score showed that the area under the curve between the CARIFS symptom fever score and time in the experimental group was 4.40±2.42, while that in the control group was 5.12±2.44, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=-2.252, P=0.025).The clinical recovery rate was 93.91%(108/115) in the experimental group and 92.31%(108/117) in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.233, P>0.05).The clinical recovery time in the experimental group [(2.93±1.21) d] was shorter than that in the control group [(3.29±1.15) d], and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( t=-2.279, P=0.024).After treatment, there was a significant difference in TCM syndrome score variation between the experimental group [(-12.00±4.13) scores] and the control group [(-10.85±4.31) scores] ( t′=-2.067, P=0.040).No complication occurred in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups ( χ2=1.299, P>0.05). Conclusions:Qingxuan Zhike granules combined with Oseltamivir phosphate can effectively improve the cough symptoms associated with influenza in children, shorten the time and course of fever, and improve the TCM syndrome score; thus, they are safe in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effect of CXXC finger protein 4 (CXXC4) on the proliferation and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells.Methods The expression level of CXXC4 in pancreatic canc-er tissues and its relationship with prognosis and clinicopathological stage of the patients were analyzed in on-line databases.The qRT-PCR technique was used to detect the mRNA expression level of CXXC4 in human normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cell line (HPNE) and pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1,AsPC-1 and BxPC-3. si-NC,si-CXXC4,pcDNA3.1 and pCDNA3.1-CXXC4 were respectively transfected into PANC-1 cells.West-ern blot was conducted to detect the effectiveness of CXXC4 knockdown and overexpression.CCK-8,colony formation,EdU and immunofluorescence assays were conducted to analyze the effect of CXXC4 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferation and apoptosis of PANC-1 cells.The bioinformatic websites was used to predict the upstream microRNA (miRNA) of CXXC4.The Starbase database was adopted to analyze the cor-relation between miR-450b-5p and CXXC4 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues.Results The TCGA data-base results showed that the expression of CXXC4 in pancreatic cancer tissues was lowly expressed compared with in paracancerous pancreatic tissues (P<0.001),moreover which was associated with the overall survival and poor prognosis in the patients with pancreatic cancer (P<0.05).The GEPIA database analysis results showed that compared with stage Ⅰ pancreatic cancer,the CXXC4 expression in stage Ⅱ pancreatic cancer was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with HPNE cells,the CXXC4 expression in 3 kinds of pancreatic cancer cells was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with the si-NC group,the proliferation and colony formation ability of PANC-1 cells in the si-CXXC4 group were enhanced,the expressions of proliferation markers Ki67 and PC-NA were increased,and the expressions of apoptosis markers Bax,caspase-3 and caspase-9 were decreased;compared with the pcDNA3.1 group,the PANC-1 cells in the pcDNA3.1-CXXC4 group obtained the opposite results (all P<0.05).The bioinformatic websites predicted that miR-450b-5p was the upstream miRNA of CXXC4,CXXC4 in pancreatic cancer tissues was negatively correlated with the miR-450b-5p expression (r=-0.227) and miR-450b-5p in various mammalian species was highly conserved.Conclusion CXXC4 inhibits the proliferation of PANC-1 cells in pancreatic cancer and promotes theirs apoptosis.

Abstract Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.

Objective:To study the effect of Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules on joint function, quality of life and inflammatory factors in patients with Kashin-Beck disease.Methods:By group design, 135 patients with Kashin-Beck disease in Chongxin County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province, were selected and divided into intervention group (100 cases treated with Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules, 12 g/bag, 1 bag/time, 3 times/day, treatment for 1 month) and control group (35 cases treated with ibuprofen, 0.3 g/capsule, 1 capsule/time, 2 times/day, treatment for 2 weeks) according to the randomized, single-blind principle. The changes of joint dysfunction index score, joint function improvement rate, total scores of Kashin-Beck disease quality of life (KBDQOL) and scores of each dimension were analyzed before treatment, 1 month and 3 months after treatment. The serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), nuclear factor κB (NFκB)-p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before treatment and 1 month after treatment.Results:The total scores of joint dysfunction index of the intervention group and the control group 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment were lower than those before treatment, but 3 months after treatment was higher than 1 month after treatment ( P < 0.001). One month after treatment, the total effective rates of joint function improvement in the intervention group and the control group were 68.00% (68/100) and 54.55% (18/33), respectively; 3 months after treatment, the total effective rates of the intervention group and the control group were 36.00% (36/100) and 39.39%(13/33), respectively. The total scores and scores of each dimension of KBDQOL were not significant for the main effect of the group ( P > 0.05), but significant for the main effect at the time point ( P < 0.05), and there was no interactive effect ( P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the scores of social support and mental status dimensions in the intervention group at different time points ( P < 0.001). And in the intervention group, the total score, the scores of physical function, activity limitation, economy and overall health dimensions were statistically significant between before treatment and 1 month after treatment, 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment( P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference between before treatment and 3 months after treatment ( P > 0.05). One month after treatment, the serum PGE2 levels of both groups were decreased ( P < 0.05), and there was no difference in other inflammatory factors at different groups and time points ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Compound Duzhong Jiangu Granules can effectively inhibit the inflammatory reaction of patients with Kashin-Beck disease, promote the improvement of joint function and improve the quality of life in various aspects.

Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) generally have a bad prognosis and short overall survival after being treated with surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy due to the histological heterogeneity, strong invasive ability and rapid postoperative recurrence of GBM. The components of GBM cell-derived exosome (GBM-exo) can regulate the proliferation and migration of GBM cell via cytokines, miRNAs, DNA molecules and proteins, promote the angiogenesis via angiogenic proteins and non-coding RNAs, mediate tumor immune evasion by targeting immune checkpoints with regulatory factors, proteins and drugs, and reduce drug resistance of GBM cells through non-coding RNAs. GBM-exo is expected to be an important target for the personalized treatment of GBM and a marker for diagnosis and prognosis of this kind of disease. This review summarizes the preparation methods, biological characteristics, functions and molecular mechanisms of GBM-exo on cell proliferation, angiogenesis, immune evasion and drug resistance of GBM to facilitate developing new strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
Humans ; Glioblastoma/genetics* ; Exosomes/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor

Objective: To understand the relationships of social exclusion, personality trait and emotion regulation with willingness to seek help after being bullied, and to provide reference for rationalized intervention of campus bullying among middle school students. Methods: A tatal of 2 040 middle school students from a middle school in Jiangxi Province were selected as the research objects, and surveyed by general situation questionnaire, Olweus Bullying Questionnaire, Willingness to Seek Help Scale, social exclusion scale, personality scale and Emotion Regulation Scale. Among them, a further survey of 381 bullies was conducted and SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical processing of data. Results: About 55.88% (133/238) and 58.74% (84/143) reported willingness to seek help after being bullied among middle and high school students, respectively( χ 2=0.30, P >0.05). There were no significant differences in gender and residency( P >0.05). In junior middle school students, compared with the non help willingness group( 3.83± 0.78，3.35±1.03，3.33±1.03，29.81±7.77), the rejected scores of the help willingness group were lower(3.57±0.75), scores of affinity and openness in personality traits were higher(3.69±0.88，3.72±0.79), the cognitive reappraisal scores were higher( 32.42 ±8.25). Among senior middle school students, the rejected and expression suppression scores of the help willingness group were lower(3.51±0.67，26.96±7.47), while extroversion personality traits were higher(3.61±0.95). Multivariate unconditional Log binomial regression analysis showed that high score of expression suppression was associated with less willingness to seek help( OR=0.94, P =0.02). Conclusion Social exclusion, personality trait and emotional regulation may have certain influences on willingness to seek help after being bullied among junior and senior middle school students, effects varies by grade level.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Chenpi Huoxiangtang against diarrhea based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. MethodThe active components and targets of Chenpi Huoxiangtang were retrieved from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， and targets related to diarrhea from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）. Thereby， the common targets were screened out. The component-target-disease network and protein-protein interaction （PPI） network were constructed with Cytoscape 3.7.1 and STRING. Bioconductor and R language were employed for gene ontology （GO） term enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment of core targets， and AutoDockTools 1.5.6 and AutoDockVina 1.1.2 for molecular docking. Finally， animal experiment was carried out for verification. ResultA total of 51 active components 226 targets of Chenpi Huoxiangtang and 37 common targets of the medicine and the disease were screened out. The core targets were involved in 1 249 GO terms （P<0.05） and 110 KEGG pathways （P<0.05）， mainly the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）， Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT）， hypoxia inducible factor （HIF）-1， and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathways. Molecular docking suggested that hesperidin and Akt1 showed the highest binding affinity. Animal experiment demonstrated that Chenpi Huoxiangtang significantly alleviated the diarrhea symptoms. The diarrhea index on the first day of administration decreased to 0.92， which was statistically different from that （1.24） of the model group （P<0.05）. The intestinal ink propulsion rate was 70.36%， higher than that （58.20%） in the model group （P<0.01）. Moreover， intestinal peristalsis was improved by the decoction. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） indicated the decrease in the levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） （P<0.05） and increase in the levels of Akt1， epidermal growth factor （EGF）， and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） （P<0.05）. ConclusionThe active components of Chenpi Huoxiangtang mainly regulate PI3K/Akt， MAPK， and other signaling pathways through Akt1， IL-6， IL-1β， EGF， EGFR， and other core targets， thereby relieving diarrhea. This study is expected to lay a basis for the research on the pharmacological mechanism of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium-Pogostemonis Herba combination and the scientific connotation of their compatibility.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of Ganhai Weikang capsule (GWC) in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD).Methods:A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel, multi-center, superiority clinical trial was conducted. From March 2018 to April 2020, totally 324 patients with dyspepsia symptoms, who were diagnosed as chronic non-atrophic gastritis by endoscopy and pathology and met the Rome Ⅳ diagnostic criteria for FD from 7 top hospitals were enrolled, including the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Shanghai Changhai Hospital), Heilongjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Capital Medical University and the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The patients were randomly divided into the GWC group and the placebo group according to the ratio of 1∶1. The patients of GWC group were given GWC and the patients of placebo group were given GWC capsule simulant. The patients of both groups orally took capsules before meals, 2.4 g each time and 3 times per day, and the course of treatment was 4 weeks. The main efficacy index was the total clinical effective rate after 4 weeks, and the secondary efficacy index was the changes of clinical symptom scores of upper abdominal pain, upper abdominal burning, postprandial fullness and early satiety. The safety index included laboratory tests and adverse events. Chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 320 FD patients were enrolled in the full analysis set (FAS), which included 161 cases in GWC group and 159 cases in placebo group. A total of 298 cases were in the per-protocol set (PPS), 149 cases each in GWC group and placebo group. The results of FAS and PPS both showed that the total clinical effective rates of the GWC group were higher than those of the placebo group (84.5%, 136/161 vs. 44.0%, 70/159 and 83.9%, 125/149 vs. 46.3%, 69/149), and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=57.07 and 46.32, both P<0.001). In addition, the differences of the total score of main symptoms and each symptom (upper abdominal pain, upper abdominal burning, postprandial fullness and early satiety) before and after treatment of GWC group were all higher than those of the placebo group (FAS: 10 (7, 14) vs. 5 (3, 11); 3 (2, 4) vs. 2 (0, 3); 2 (0, 4) vs. 1 (0, 3); 3 (1, 4) vs. 2 (1, 3); 2 (0, 4) vs. 1 (0, 3). PPS: 10 (7, 13) vs. 5 (3, 11); 3 (2, 4) vs. 2 (0, 3); 2 (0, 4) vs. 1 (0, 2); 3 (1, 4) vs. 2 (1, 3); 2 (0, 4) vs.1 (0, 3)), and the differences were statistically significant (FAS: Z=5.80, 5.91, 3.19, 3.72 and 3.30; PPS: Z=5.14, 5.11, 2.86, 3.21 and 2.84; all P<0.01). The results of FAS and PPS indicated that the improvement rates of main symptoms and each symptom (upper abdominal pain, upper abdominal burning, postprandial fullness and early satiety) of GWC group were all higher than those of the placebo group (FAS: 77.8% (54.6%, 91.3%) vs. 42.9% (28.6%, 61.5%); 100.0% (60.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (25.0%, 60.0%); 100.0% (50.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (25.0%, 100.0%); 71.4% (33.3%, 100.0%) vs. 41.4% (25.0%, 66.7%); 100.0% (50.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (20.0%, 100.0%). PPS: 77.8% (54.2%, 89.5%) vs. 44.0% (28.6%, 65.0%); 100.0% (60.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (25.0%, 100.0%); 100.0% (50.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (25.0%, 100.0%); 71.4% (33.3%, 100.0%) vs. 46.4% (25.0%, 66.7%); 100.0% (50.0%, 100.0%) vs. 50.0% (20.0%, 100.0%)), and the differences were statistically significant (FAS: Z=8.60, 7.72, 4.98, 4.24 and 5.61; PPS: Z=7.90, 7.03, 4.49, 3.88 and 4.83; all P<0.001). After 2 weeks of treatment, the differences of the total score of main symptoms and score of each symptom (upper abdominal pain, upper abdominal burning and early satiety) before and after treatment of GWC group were all higher than those of the placebo group (5.0 (3.0, 8.0) vs. 4.0 (2.0, 6.0); 2.0 (1.0, 2.0) vs. 2.0 (0.0, 2.0); 1.5 (0.0, 2.0) vs. 1.0 (0.0, 2.0); 1.5 (0.0, 2.0) vs. 1.0 (0.0, 2.0)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=2.95, 3.44, 2.43 and 2.79, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the GWC group and the placebo group (0.6%, 1/163 vs. 0, 0/159). Conclusion:The clinical total effective rate of GWC in the treatment of FD is superior to that of placebo and it has good safety.