This article briefly introduces the strategic framework of genetic technology of Chinese government and Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the remarkable progress of genetic technology under this guidance. Using bibliometric and patent analysis methods, we reveal the current status of genetic technology research and development in China. China has made great achievements, both in terms of quantity and quality of academic publications, and quantity of patent applications. However, there are still something need to be improved, such as international cooperation and combination the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes. In the future, China will improve top-level planning and government guidance and supervision. In addition, it is also crucial to encourage investment from enterprise and communities, and to broadcast the science and technology to the whole society. Moreover, actions have to be taken to reduce the risks of bio-safety and bio-security. The innovation and breakthrough of genetic technology is a key to sustainable development in the bio-industry and bio-economy in China.

Objective To investigate the effect of unidirectional stretching on mechanical properties of different absorbable patches and evaluate its potential as a patch for rotator cuff repair. Methods The unidirectional stretching process was used to prepare absorbable patches with different polylactide based materials. Different unidirectional stretching temperatures (50-80 ℃) and stretching ratios (0.5-4.3) were set. The effects of different parameters on mechanical properties of the absorbable patches with different materials were studied. Their thermal properties, crystallization and surface morphology were characterized. Results The unidirectional stretching temperature and stretching ratio could adjust the tensile strength and strain, thermal property, crystalization and surface morphology of the absorbable patch. At directional stretching temperatures of 60, 70, 70 ℃ and stretching ratios of 3, 3, 4.3, respectively, the absorbable patches made of poly-L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA), poly-L-co-D, L-lactide (PLDLLA) and poly-L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone (PLC) had the maximum tensile strength (74±7)，(97±6), (107±8) MPa, which were larger than the tensile strength for infraspinatus tendon of canine (40 MPa). However, only the strain of PLDLLA patch conformed to the flexibility of natural rotator cuff. Conclusions The unidirectional stretching process can improve mechanical properties of the absorbable patch. The absorbable patch made of PLDLLA has the potential to reinforce the rotator cuff tear.

Objective To investigate the effect of estrogen receptor-α gene polymorphism on osteoprotegerin(OPG)and calcaneus bone density in early and late postmenopausal women in Guangxi Zhuang nationality,in order to provide the theoretical basis for the early prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen receptor gene-induced osteoprotegerin reduction.Methods The broadband ultrasound attenuation in the right heel bone was measured by quantitative ultrasound bone densitometry in 621 postmenopausal women of Guangxi Zhuang nationality.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and their DNA were extracted.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to detect the estrogen receptor-α gene polymorphism.Serum osteoprotegerin level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The differences of data distribution of OPG and calcaneus bone density were compared between five items of 3 genotypes and 2 alleles at the same age group of 40-,45-,50-,55-,60-,65-,70-,75-80 years.Results Women aged 60 years and over versus those aged 40-59 years showed that serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) and bone mineral density (BMD) were decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and had no significant difference among allele P,p,genotype Pp,pp,PP of ER-α Puv-Ⅱ polymorphism at the same age groups(P＞0.05).Women aged 60 years and over showed that ER-α Puv Ⅱ polymorphism of allele big P versus p,Pp,pp,PP in the same age groups had significantly decreased serum osteoprotegerin and bone mineral density.Women aged 65 years and over showed that ER-α Xba Ⅰ polymorphism of heterozygote Xx versus xx,XX,X,x in the same age groups had a significantly increased serum osteoprotegerin and bone mineral density(P＜0.05).Conclusions Women with big P allele of ER-a Pvu Ⅱ polymorphism have low serum osteoprotegerin level and a decreased bone mineral density,who are prone to postmenopausal osteoporosis.Thus,P allele of ER-α Pvu Ⅱ polymorphism is a causative agent.More attention should be paid to early prevention and treatment.But,women with the Xx heterozygote of ER-α Xba Ⅰ polymorphism have high serum osteoprotegerin level and an increased bone mineral density,who are not easy to suffer from postmenopausal osteoporosis.Therefore,Xx heterozygote of ER-α Xba Ⅰ polymorphism is a protective agent.The prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis should be individualized based on estrogen receptor-α gene polymorphism.

Objective To identify current research hotspots, research trends and future trends of family physician research by means of literature review. Methods " Family physician" and " general practitioner" were used as the search words, to retrieve in CNKI database the literature on family physicians published during 2011 - 2018 using the method of subject retrieval, with related literature citations downloaded. The citespace software was used to analyze and generate the research institutions and their cooperative network, the keyword co-occurrence network and emergent word analysis. Information visualization was used to analyze the current research status of family physicians in China. Results A total of 1616 papers were retrieved, and 773 literatures were finalized as research samples with exclusion of those obviously irrelevant. The study found that studies in China focused on talent cultivation, service contract signature of family physicians, pattern of such contracts, and the construction of primary medical institutions. In terms of future research trends, the hotspots fell on " performance evaluation" , " incentive mechanism" , " talent cultivation" , " health management" , and " chronic disease management" by such physicians. Conclusions This paper used citespace software in a visual analysis of the research on family physicians in the recent eight years, so as to explore the research hotspots, research trends and future trends of such study in China.

Objective To investigate the effects of a standard food-based low calorie diet and meal replacements on compliance,weight loss,and glycolipid metabolism in obese patients,and to provide an optimal nutritional weight reduction method for obese individuals in China.Methods Height,weight,waist circumference,body mass index (BMI),body fat,visceral fat in low calorie diet group (n =23) and meal replacements group (n =17) were assessed at baseline,4 and 8 weeks after the intervention.Fasting plasma glucose (FPG),triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine transaminase (ALT),gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),fasting insulin (FINS),and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were assessed at both baseline and 8 weeks after the intervention.Results Both low calorie diet and meal replacements led to significant decreases in body weight,waist circumference,BMI,body fat,and visceral fat(all P＜0.01) after 4 and 8 weeks.Body fat (P＜ 0.01) and total body water (P＜ 0.05) in low calorie diet group were decreased more obviously compared with those in meal replacements group at 4 weeks.However,there were no difference in all these parameters between two groups at 8 weeks (P＞0.05).Both groups experienced improvements in biochemical outcomes and metabolic indicators.TG,AST,ALT,GGT,ALP,FINS,and HOMA-IR levels were all decreased (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) while HDL-C level was increased (P＜0.01) 8 weeks after standard food-based low calorie diet.FPG,TG,TC,LDL-C,AST,ALT,ALP,FINS,and HOMA-IR levels were declined 8 weeks after meal replacements(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).TC,LDL-C,and ALT levels were more evidently to reduce in meal replacements group compared with low calorie diet group.Conclusions Present data suggest that meal replacements and low calorie diet may have a similar effect on weight loss,while meal replacements seems to obtain a better metabolic results.

Immunotherapy of malignant tumors has become a hot spot in the field of cancer research and treatment, bringing new hope to patients with advanced cancer. Activation of molecular programmer death protein-1 and T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4-related signaling pathways at the immunological checkpoint can inhibit T lymphocyte activation and thereby block the inflammatory response. Tumor cells achieve immune escape by activating the molecular pathways associated with immune checkpoints. The immune checkpoint inhibitor can wake up T lymphocytes and enhance the body's clearance of tumor cells. However, the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors is not specific to tumor cells, and it can cause side effects of multiple systems including the cardiovascular system while killing tumor cells. We will summarize the relevant cardiac side effects and give advice on how to manage it.

BACKGROUND: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) positive in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was about 5%-7% and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) was the standard treatment in NSCLC. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of crizotinib in patients with advanced ALK gene-positive or recurrent NSCLC. METHODS: Three methods were used to screen patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC harboring ALK gene fusion/translocation. The patients with ALK positive tested by flourescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was given orally crizotinib, 250 mg, bid. The objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and safety were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 226 patients were screened, 39 of whom had ALK fusion or translocation, and 37 were enrolled in the study. 35 patients were evaluated for objective response, ORR was 70.3%, and disease control rate (DCR) was 94.6%, and median PFS was 11.8 mon. The main adverse reactions were elevated transaminase (Grade 1, 91.7%), elevated transaminases (Grade 2, 23.4%), nausea (Grade 1, 75.6%), anemia (Grade 1-2, 62.3%), visual impairment (Grade 1, 21.8%), weight loss (Grade 1, 31.4%), pneumonia (Grade 2, 3.5%). CONCLUSIONS Crizotinib can be used for the treatment of advanced NSCLC with ALK fusion/translocation. It is highly effective and well tolerated.

The innovative healthcare plus elderly care model is a major move for China to combat population aging. Given its initial success, there still exist challenges in the systems and economic conditions, for which family doctors can play a key role as population health " gatekeepers" . From the perspective of supply-side reform, this paper analyzed the current progress and challenges in this regard, and proposed a win-win mode. This mode combined the advantages of the family doctor system to optimize the community-based healthcare and elderly care as well as aging care resources.Family doctors are centered to build a community elderly care supply mode, to promote mutual development of primary medical institutions and the elderly-healthcare sector in China.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of children with uremia who underwent renal replacement therapy (RRT) and identify the influencing factors for QOL in order to improve the QOL of children with uremia. Methods: Children with ESRD who underwent dialysis or kidney transplantation (KT) at Children's Hospital of Fudan University between November 2016 and October 2017 were enrolled. The children and/or their parents completed and returned the Pediatric QOL Inventory Measurement Models (PedsQL^TM) 4.0 questionnaire. Moreover, the clinical data of these children were collected. According to the way of RRT, children were divided into dialysis group and KT group. The differences of scores between two groups were compared. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the QOL of children. Results: A total of 79 children undergoing RRT were enrolled. Among them, 48 cases in the dialysis group and 31 cases in the KT group. For children in KT group, the total PedsQL scores of child-self and parent-proxy assessment were higher than those in dialysis group (P<0.05). The total scores for the QOL of child-self and parent-proxy assessment were roughly the same for KT children (P>0.05). The total scores for the QOL of child-self and parent-proxy assessment were different for dialysis children (P=0.05). Short stature (height<3th percentile) and elevated left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were the independent influencing factors for the QOL of child-self and parent-proxy assessment in children undergoing KT, respectively (B=12.162, t=2.681, P<0.05; B=-0.240, t=-4.276, P<0.01). Conclusions QOL was higher in children undergoing KT than those on dialysis. Short stature and elevated LVMI were the independent influencing factors for QOL in children undergoing KT.

Objective: To compare the weight loss and metabolic profile between a continuous energy-restricted diet and intermittent fasting diet in order to present an optimal nutritional weight reduction method for obese people in China. Methods: Sixty overweight or obese adults were selected and divided into two groups as the continuous energy-restricted diet group and the intermittent fasting diet group. Height, weight, waist circumference, body mass index(BMI), body fat, change of visceral fatarea, fasting glucose(FPG), triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol(TC), high density cholesterol(HDL), low density cholesterol(LDL), glutamic pyruvicaminotransferase(AST), signglutamic pyruvic transaminase(ALT), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT), alkalinephosphatase (ALP), fasting insulin level(FINS) and HOMA-IR were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks after weight loss methods carried. Results: Both continuous energy-restricted diet and intermittent fasting diet resulted improvement on body shape indexes and a significant decrease in weight, waist circumference, BMI, body fat, visceral fat area and skeletal muscle(P<0.01)at 8 weeks. Both groups experienced improvements in biochemical outcomes and metabolic indicators at 8 weeks. A significant reduction in TC, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR(P<0.01 or P<0.05)were observed in continuous energy-restricted diet group. And a significant decline in TC, LDL, HDL, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, FINS and HOMA-IR were observed in intermittent fasting diet group(P<0.01 or P<0.05). HDL was found significantly reduced in intermittent fasting diet group as compared with continuous energy-restricted diet group(P<0.01) at 8 weeks, however, there were no difference in weight loss, waist circumference, BMI, body fat, visceral fat area and other metabolic indicators at 8 weeks(P>0.05). Conclusion Both intermittent fasting diet and continuous energy-restricted diet have a similar effect on weight loss and metabolic indexes like blood glucose, HOMA-IR and blood lipid, but intermittent fasting diet can more significantly decrease HDL level.