Objective To explore the wearing status and actual noise reduction effect of hearing protectors among noise workers in a typical automobile manufacturing enterprise. Methods In April 2024, an occupational hazard factor testing was carried out in an automobile manufacturing industry, and at the same time, the hearing protection fit test was conducted for noise workers. Intervention and guidance were provided to those who did not pass the minimum standard of baseline PAR. The difference in PAR between baseline and post-intervention was compared, and the effectiveness of hearing protector wearing method training was evaluated. Results The exceeding rate of the company's noise operation post was 50.77% (66/130). The baseline PAR of the subjects with working experience of less than 15 years and wearing hearing protectors throughout noisy work was higher, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with those with 80dB≤L_{EX, 8h}<85dB, more research subjects with L_{EX, 8h}≥85dB failed baseline PAR (39.13%). After intervention, the PAR of the subjects who did not pass the minimum standard of baseline PRA increased from 2.0 (0.0, 5.3) to 17.0 (14.8, 20.0), and the protection level was significantly improved, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion The individual fit test of hearing protector is an important means to evaluate the actual noise reduction level of hearing protector and guide the selection of hearing protection models. Corporate training can help improve the PAR of hearing protectors.

Objective To analyze the increase in hearing thresholds in different frequency bands of workers exposed to different characteristic noises and the influencing factors of binaural high-frequency hearing loss, and to provide theoretical support for occupational health monitoring in enterprises. Methods In 2021, noise-exposed workers were selected from typical noise-exposing enterprises as research subjects, and their occupational health examination data were tracked for three consecutive years. According to the on-site detection from 2021 to 2023, the cumulative noise exposure (CNE) was calculated. The chi-square test was used to compare the increase of the hearing threshold of workers exposed to different characteristic noises in different frequency bands. A generalized estimation equation was constructed to explore the influencing factors of high-frequency hearing loss in the research subjects. Results The age of the study subjects was 23-54 years old, with 1.6-20.1 years of working experience, mainly distributed in manufacturing workshops, technical workshops and public works workshops. The median LAeq,8h was 85.90 (84.5, 86.1) dB(A), and the average CNE was 94.3±2.6 dB(A). The number of people with increased hearing thresholds in each frequency band was 0.5kHz>6kHz>4kHz>3kHz>1kHz>2kHz. There were statistically significant differences in the increase of hearing thresholds in each frequency band, binaural speech frequency impairment, and high-frequency hearing loss among subjects with different characteristics (P<0.05). The detection rate of binaural speech frequency hearing loss was the highest in subjects aged>45 years, with a length of service of>15 years, and with a CNE>96dB(A). The detection rate of binaural high-frequency hearing loss was the highest in subjects aged 35-40 years, with a length of service of 5-10 years, and with a CNE>96dB(A).In addition, the detection rate of binaural speech frequency and high-frequency hearing loss increased with the increase of CNE(P<0.05). The GEE model showed that age>40 years and CNE>96dB(A) were risk factors for high-frequency hearing loss in both ears. Conclusion With increasing age and CNE, hearing thresholds rise across all frequency bands, elevating the risk of binaural speech-frequency and high-frequency hearing loss, thereby increasing the likelihood of occupational noise-induced deafness.

Medical academic conferences represent one of the important carriers of scientific and technological exchanges， promoting the progress of medical science and technology and the dissemination of knowledge. However， the surge in the number of conferences has not been matched by a corresponding improvement in academic quality， leading to widespread doubts about their academic nature. The standardization of medical academic conferences urgently requires clarifying the core value standards of high-quality medical academic conferences from the perspective of academic ethics. Based on the perspective of academic ethics and employing Bourdieu’s field theory， this study systematically analyzed the functional positioning and value norms of medical academic conferences. It argued that they were committed to “pursuing truth” in knowledge production at the individual level， focused on “pursuing goodness” in communication and dissemination at the academic community level， and strove for “pursuing innovation” in innovative influence at the social level. Taking a professional annual conference as a typical case， this study further delved into the operational processes and internal mechanisms of academic annual conferences in the medical field. On this basis， optimization recommendations were proposed， including strengthening the principle of academic priority， promoting equal participation mechanisms， fostering innovative development models， and other aspects， with a view to providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the high-quality development of medical academic conferences.

Objective:To identify the key differentially expressed gene, BTF3, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC)using bioinformatics methods and to preliminarily explore the potential mechanisms of BTF3 and its co-expressed genes in cSCC development. Methods:The cSCC-related datasets(GSE98767, GSE42677, GSE45164)were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.Differential expression analysis revealed BTF3 as a significantly differentially expressed gene in cSCC.A BTF3-related co-expressed gene network was constructed and subjected to gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis to investigate the biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were significantly enriched.The study selected 60 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, collected between 2020 and 2024.This cohort included 30 samples from cSCC patients and 30 samples from patients who underwent excision of melanocytic nevi.Immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to assess the expression of BTF3 in cSCC tissues.Additionally, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to assess the relevance of BTF3 to immune cells, and protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis was employed to identify critical gene networks. Results:BTF3 was significantly overexpressed in cSCC, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve indicated that BTF3 exhibited moderate classification accuracy.Co-expression analysis revealed that positively correlated genes with BTF3 included EIF3E and HSPA14, while negatively correlated genes included SZRD1 and ARHGEF2.GO analysis demonstrated that BTF3 was enriched in biological processes such as glucose metabolism, signaling in response to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)damage, endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways, platelet morphogenesis, and platelet formation.Additionally, ssGSEA indicated a significant association of BTF3 with memory B cells and a notable correlation with low CD56-expressing natural killer cells. Conclusions:BTF3 is significantly overexpressed in cSCC and may represent a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target by influencing key gene networks and modulating the immune microenvironment.

Objective:To analyze the current research hotspots and trends of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment for neurogenic bladder (NB).Methods:The Chinese and English articles on TCM treatment of neurogenic bladder were searched in CNKI, Wanfang Database, PubMed, and Web of Science from the inception to May 31, 2024, using the terms "neurogenic bladder" "intervention" "treatment" "clinical" "Chinese medicine" "electroacupuncture" "acupuncture", and "moxibustion". VOSviewer and Citespace bibliometric software were used to analyze the publication trend, authors, research institutions, source journals and keywords of these articles.Results:A total of 776 Chinese articles and 253 English articles on the diagnosis and treatment of NB by traditional Chinese medicine were retrieved, the number of publications was increasing every year. Most Chinese papers came from Shandong University of Traditional Clinese Medicine, and most English papers came from Sun Yat-sen University. Some authors and institutions had formed networks of cooperation. Most papers were published in the journal of Traditional Chineses Medicine Clinical Research (in Chinese) and Neural Regeneration Research (in English). This study generated 244 Chinese core key words with 14 clustering networks, and 233 English core key words with 10 clustering networks. The main symptoms of NB are uroschesis and urinary incontinence. NB are primarily caused by spinal cord injury, diabetes mellitus and stroke. The main treatment methods of TCM for NB are electroacupuncture, acupuncture and percutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation. The research on NB mechanisms focuses on the apoptosis, regeneration and plasticity of spinal neurons, the activation of the bladder autophagy signaling pathway, the expression of proteins related to the contractile function of the forced muscles. Conclusion:The research quantity and quality of traditional Chinese medicine in diagnosis and treatment NB have increased in recent years, and the mechanism and treatment of NB are the research hotspots; however, the extension and depth of researches are limited, and the institutional cooperations are insufficiente.

Objective:To analyze four patients with a 16q22 fragile site with miscarriage or infertility by using cytogenetic methods.Methods:Four patients presented at Northwest Women′s and Children′s Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping, among whom two were also subjected to copy number variation (CNV) sequencing. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2020-022).Results:The chromosomal karyotypes of the patients were mos 46, XX, fra(16)(q22)[26]/47, XX, del(16)(q22), + chrb(16)(q22)[4]/46, XX, del(16)(q22)[3]/46, XX[91], mos 46, XY, fra(16)(q22)[21]/46, XY, del(16)(q22)[3]/46, XY[76], mos 46, XX, fra(16)(q22)[21]/ 46, XX, del(16)(q22)[4]/46, XX[75] and mos 46, XX, fra(16)(q22)[16]/46, XX, del(16)(q22)[7]/47, XX, del(16)(q22), + chrb(16)(q22)[6]/47, XX, fra(16)(q22), + chrb(16)(q22)[3]/46, XX[68], respectively. CNV sequencing of patients 2 and 4 revealed no deletion or duplication on chromosome 16.Conclusion:Identification of the 16q22 fragile site has facilitated genetic counseling for these patients.

To investigate the potential protective effect of thalidomide (THD) on diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its underlying mechanisms. Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control, DN and DN+THD200 groups by random number table method. The DN mouse model was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The DN+THD200 group received THD treatment (200 mg·kg -1·d -1) for 8 weeks. Blood and urine biochemical parameters, as well as renal histopathological changes, were compared among the three groups. For in vitro experiments, a high glucose (HG)-induced injury model was established in mouse glomerular podocytes (MPC5). Cells were divided into control (NG), HG, HG+DMSO, HG+THD100 (100 μg/ml), and HG+THD200 (200 μg/ml) groups. THD-treated cells were exposed to THD for 24 h. Western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR were performed to respectively detect protein and mRNA expression levels of ferroptosis-related molecules, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). The results showed that, compared with control group, DN group exhibited significantly lower blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24 h urinary albumin levels (all P<0.05). Compared with DN group, DN+THD200 group exhibited significantly lower blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine and 24 h urinary albumin levels (all P<0.05). Histopathological examination revealed glomerular expansion, mesangial widening, and basement membrane thickening in DN group compared to control group, which were markedly ameliorated by THD treatment. In vitro, HG group showed significantly decreased protein and mRNA expression levels of GPX4, NRF2 and HO-1 compared to NG group. Both HG+THD100 and HG+THD200 groups exhibited upregulated expression levels of these proteins and corresponding mRNA compared to HG group (all P<0.05). Immunofluorescence demonstrated HG group had enhanced 4-HNE fluorescence intensity and reduced SLC7A11 fluorescence intensity, which were reversed by THD treatment. THD alleviates renal injury in DN mice and mitigates HG-induced ferroptosis in MPC5 cells, potentially via activation of NRF2-HO-1-GPX4 signaling pathway.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of primary liver cancer. Many patients who have been diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma are already at an advanced stage, leading to very limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Therefore, the key to improving prognosis is early-stage diagnosis. In recent years, with deeper analysis of the underlying biological mechanisms of HCC, new diagnostic methods have emerged, including emerging serum markers, liquid biopsy, molecular diagnostics, and imaging techniques. This article reviews and analyzes the research progress on early-stage screening and explores their value and application prospects in the early predictive diagnosis of HCC..

OBJECTIVE: To analyze four patients with a 16q22 fragile site with miscarriage or infertility by using cytogenetic methods. METHODS: Four patients presented at Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital between January 2022 and December 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients and subjected to G-banded chromosomal karyotyping, among whom two were also subjected to copy number variation (CNV) sequencing. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No. 2020-022). RESULTS: The chromosomal karyotypes of the patients were mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[26]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[91], mos 46,XY,fra(16)(q22)[21]/46,XY,del(16)(q22)[3]/46,XY[76], mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[21]/ 46,XX,del(16)(q22)[4]/46,XX[75] and mos 46,XX,fra(16)(q22)[16]/46,XX,del(16)(q22)[7]/47,XX,del(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[6]/47,XX,fra(16)(q22),+chrb(16)(q22)[3]/46,XX[68], respectively. CNV sequencing of patients 2 and 4 revealed no deletion or duplication on chromosome 16. CONCLUSION Identification of the 16q22 fragile site has facilitated genetic counseling for these patients.
Humans ; Chromosome Fragile Sites/genetics* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/genetics* ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Karyotyping

Objective:To identify the key differentially expressed gene, BTF3, in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma(cSCC)using bioinformatics methods and to preliminarily explore the potential mechanisms of BTF3 and its co-expressed genes in cSCC development. Methods:The cSCC-related datasets(GSE98767, GSE42677, GSE45164)were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.Differential expression analysis revealed BTF3 as a significantly differentially expressed gene in cSCC.A BTF3-related co-expressed gene network was constructed and subjected to gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis to investigate the biological processes, molecular functions, and cellular components that were significantly enriched.The study selected 60 paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, collected between 2020 and 2024.This cohort included 30 samples from cSCC patients and 30 samples from patients who underwent excision of melanocytic nevi.Immunohistochemical experiments were conducted to assess the expression of BTF3 in cSCC tissues.Additionally, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to assess the relevance of BTF3 to immune cells, and protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis was employed to identify critical gene networks. Results:BTF3 was significantly overexpressed in cSCC, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve indicated that BTF3 exhibited moderate classification accuracy.Co-expression analysis revealed that positively correlated genes with BTF3 included EIF3E and HSPA14, while negatively correlated genes included SZRD1 and ARHGEF2.GO analysis demonstrated that BTF3 was enriched in biological processes such as glucose metabolism, signaling in response to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)damage, endogenous apoptotic signaling pathways, platelet morphogenesis, and platelet formation.Additionally, ssGSEA indicated a significant association of BTF3 with memory B cells and a notable correlation with low CD56-expressing natural killer cells. Conclusions:BTF3 is significantly overexpressed in cSCC and may represent a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target by influencing key gene networks and modulating the immune microenvironment.