ObjectiveTo observe the short-term and long-term efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） surgical operations in treating mixed hemorrhoids. MethodsA multi-center retrospective cohort study was conducted， collecting clinical data from 17，831 mixed hemorrhoid surgery patients in 8 top-tier TCM hospitals in Jiangsu Province. Standardized and structured datasets were obtained through artificial intelligence models. Patients who underwent western surgical treatment were categorized into the western surgery group （11,646 cases）， and those receiving TCM surgical operations were categorized into the TCM surgery group （6185 cases）. Propensity score matching （1∶1 matching） was used to balance baseline data between groups. The primary outcome was the one-year recurrence rate， and secondary outcomes included the main symptoms （rectal bleeding， degree of prolapse） and secondary symptoms （anal distension， anal edema， wound secretion and exudation， anal stenosis， residual skin tags， perianal itching， and anal pain） measured on days 7， 28， and 60 after discharge. ResultsAfter matching， 2194 patients were included in each group. Symptom scores showed that at 28 days after discharge， the TCM surgical group had superior improvement in rectal bleeding ［OR=5.786， 95%CI （3.092，10.827）］， degree of prolapse ［OR=4.510， 95%CI （1.649，12.333）］， and anal edema ［OR=3.188， 95%CI （1.295，7.845）］ compared to the western surgical group. At 60 days post-discharge， the TCM group still showed advantages in improving rectal bleeding ［OR=5.237， 95%CI （1.077，25.464）］ and anal pain ［OR=11.697， 95%CI （1.186，115.336）］ （P＜0.05）. Long-term follow-up showed that the one-year recurrence rate in the TCM surgery group was 1.1% （8/726）， while that in the western surgery group was 2.3% （10/444）， with no statistically significant difference between the two groups （P＞0.05）. ConclusionBased on real-world data， TCM surgical treatment for mixed hemorrhoids shows significant short-term symptom improvement， particularly in terms of hemostasis， reducing swelling， and alleviating prolapse of anal masses.

Objective To summarize the current status and trends of clinical research on gallbladder cancer (GBC) from 2016 to 2026. Methods Literature of GBC clinical research published from 2016 to 2026 was collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer 1.6.21 software was applied to perform cluster and chronological analyses on countries, academic institutions, authors, and keywords of the included publications, alongside cluster analysis on co-citation references. The visualization maps were generated to analyze collaborative networks among countries, academic institutions, and researchers, and to predict the future research hot spots and directions. Results A total of 411 publications in English were included. From 2016 to 2026, the amount of literature on GBC clinical research has shown a fluctuating upward trend, with publications concentrated mainly in professional journals in the field of oncology. China ranks first globally in the publication output, but its average citation is lower than that of United Kingdom and Germany. Institutions of publications exhibit distinct regional clustering characteristics, with close collaboration within regions but a need for strengthened cross-regional collaboration. Keyword analysis reveals that research hot spots are shifting from traditional surgical treatment toward systemic therapy, immunotherapy, and precision medicine, which may represent future development directions. Conclusions Clinical research on GBC has flourished from 2016 to 2026, with global publication output showing a fluctuating upward trend. China leads in publication amount, but the quality of articles and citation counts still need improvement. To foster continued development and transformation in GBC, it is necessary to strengthen cross-regional international collaboration, promote the integration of precision medicine and systemic therapy, and emphasize patient-centered research strategies.

Objective:To analyze the serological and molecular characteristics of rare A el and B el subtypes in the ABO blood group system, and to explore their genotype-phenotype correlation and the potential clinical significance. Methods:From January 1st, 2021, to January 1st, 2025, 289, 815 samples subjected to ABO blood grouping in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital were selected. Samples demonstrating discrepancies between forward and reverse typing, or consistent typing but with abnormal agglutination degree were included. Those affected by underlying diseases, transplantation, age-related and other interferences were excluded. A total of 169 suspected ABO subgroup samples were identified. Sanger sequencing of exons 1-7 and relevant regulatory regions of the ABO gene was performed. Protein structure modeling and mutation effect analysis for two'el′ subtype glycosyltransferases (GTs) were conducted using SWISS-MODEL and PyMOL.Results:A total of 12 Ael, 6 B el, and 2 AB el subtypes were identified. Serological analysis revealed that all 18 A el/B el samples exhibited O phenotype in forward typing. Among them, A el subtypes showed weaker agglutination in reverse typing with A 1c than with Bc (>2+), while the opposite pattern was observed in B el subtypes. The two AB el samples were typed as A in forward typing, with agglutination ranging from 0-1+with Bc in reverse typing. Genetic analysis indicated that AEL.02 (c.646T>A, p.Phe216Ile) was the predominant allele in A el samples accounting for 7 cases. Also, we found an AEL.02-like variant (lacking c.681G>A), AEL.10 (c.963insC), and carrying a compound variant of c.322C>T (p.Gln108Ter) and c.296C>T (p.Thr99Ile). Among B el samples, BEL.03 (c.502C>T, p.Arg168Trp) accounted for 4 cases, one of which lacked the c.297A>G mutation, and novel mutations such as c.145_146dupCG were detected. Structural simulation demonstrated that AEL.02 and BEL.03 disrupted the hydrogen-bonding network within the active centers of GTA and GTB, respectively, and these mutations probably significantly impaired the structural stability of the corresponding GTs. Additionally, the c.296C>T mutation also markedly affected GTA structural stability. Conclusion:A el/B el subtypes are prone to mis-identify routine blood types. Their molecular mechanisms involved a variety of functional variantions, and integrating molecular detection is crucial for achieving accurate sub-typing and transfusion safety.

Objective:To analyze the serological and molecular characteristics of rare A el and B el subtypes in the ABO blood group system, and to explore their genotype-phenotype correlation and the potential clinical significance. Methods:From January 1st, 2021, to January 1st, 2025, 289, 815 samples subjected to ABO blood grouping in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital were selected. Samples demonstrating discrepancies between forward and reverse typing, or consistent typing but with abnormal agglutination degree were included. Those affected by underlying diseases, transplantation, age-related and other interferences were excluded. A total of 169 suspected ABO subgroup samples were identified. Sanger sequencing of exons 1-7 and relevant regulatory regions of the ABO gene was performed. Protein structure modeling and mutation effect analysis for two'el′ subtype glycosyltransferases (GTs) were conducted using SWISS-MODEL and PyMOL.Results:A total of 12 Ael, 6 B el, and 2 AB el subtypes were identified. Serological analysis revealed that all 18 A el/B el samples exhibited O phenotype in forward typing. Among them, A el subtypes showed weaker agglutination in reverse typing with A 1c than with Bc (>2+), while the opposite pattern was observed in B el subtypes. The two AB el samples were typed as A in forward typing, with agglutination ranging from 0-1+with Bc in reverse typing. Genetic analysis indicated that AEL.02 (c.646T>A, p.Phe216Ile) was the predominant allele in A el samples accounting for 7 cases. Also, we found an AEL.02-like variant (lacking c.681G>A), AEL.10 (c.963insC), and carrying a compound variant of c.322C>T (p.Gln108Ter) and c.296C>T (p.Thr99Ile). Among B el samples, BEL.03 (c.502C>T, p.Arg168Trp) accounted for 4 cases, one of which lacked the c.297A>G mutation, and novel mutations such as c.145_146dupCG were detected. Structural simulation demonstrated that AEL.02 and BEL.03 disrupted the hydrogen-bonding network within the active centers of GTA and GTB, respectively, and these mutations probably significantly impaired the structural stability of the corresponding GTs. Additionally, the c.296C>T mutation also markedly affected GTA structural stability. Conclusion:A el/B el subtypes are prone to mis-identify routine blood types. Their molecular mechanisms involved a variety of functional variantions, and integrating molecular detection is crucial for achieving accurate sub-typing and transfusion safety.

Objective:To construct a leadership evaluation indicator system for managers in primary healthcare institutions.Methods:This study was a qualitative research. Based on the Chinese Academy of Sciences′ Five Forces Model of Leadership, the framework of the leadership evaluation indicator system for primary healthcare institution managers was initially constructed through literature review, expert interviews, surveys, and group discussions. From November 2020 to June 2021, 19 experts were invited to participate in two rounds of Delphi expert consultations. Based on the consultation results, the leadership evaluation indicator system for primary healthcare institution managers was developed, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of each indicator.Results:Nineteen consulting experts were included in the study, 13 of whom were aged 40 years or older, and seven of whom had 20 years or more of professional experience. The response rates of the two rounds of Delphi expert consultation questionnaires were 18/19 and 19/19, respectively; the authority coefficients of the experts were 0.92 and 0.91, respectively. In the second round of consultation, the coordination coefficients of each level of indicators were 0.640, 0.557, and 0.512 ( P<0.05), respectively. The constructed leadership indicator system for managers of primary healthcare institutions included five primary indicators, 16 secondary indicators, and 44 tertiary indicators. The primary indicators, in order of their weight, were "influence"(0.299),"decisiveness"(0.245),"control"(0.156),"inspiration"(0.150), and "foresight"(0.150). Conclusions:This study is a preliminary construction of a leadership evaluation indicator system for managers of primary healthcare institutions, which can be a reference for the training and evaluation of relevant talents.

Objective:To explore the status and influencing factors of workplace bullying in Operating Room nurses.Methods:This study is a cross-sectional study. From April to May, 2022, a total of 158 Operating Room nurses from 4 ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Hangzhou were selected as research objects by the convenient cluster sampling method. The general information questionnaire, Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R) and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) were used to investigate Operating Room nurses. Binomial Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of workplace bullying in Operating Room nurses. Pearson correlation analysis was used to investigate the association between workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder. A total of 158 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 154 valid questionnaires were received, with an effective recovery rate of 97.47%.Results:A total of 78.57% (121/154) of Operating Room nurses had experienced workplace bullying, 33.12% (51/154) had experienced moderate to severe workplace bullying, and 44.81% (69/154) had post-traumatic stress disorder. The NAQ-R score and PCL-C score of Operating Room nurses were (31.34±10.06) and (37.71±15.47) , respectively. Binomial Logistic regression analysis results showed that age and position were the influencing factors of workplace bullying in Operating Room nurses ( P<0.05) . Pearson correlation analysis results showed that workplace bullying was positively correlated with post-traumatic stress disorder ( r=0.657, P<0.01) . Conclusions:Workplace bullying is common in Operating Room nurses in ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Hangzhou. Younger nurses and nurses with position are more likely to suffer from workplace bullying, and workplace bullying is positively correlated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Operating Room managers should pay more attention to workplace bullying and develop targeted intervention measures to avoid workplace bullying.

Objective    To study the hemocompatibility of bioprosthetic heart valve materials respectively based on glutaraldehyde and non-glutaraldehyde treatment. Methods    Fresh bovine pericardium was treated with glutaraldehyde or non-glutaraldehyde after adipose tissue was removed. To evaluate the hemocompatibility of the two bioprosthetic heart valve materials, hemolysis test, in vitro fibrinogen adsorption experiment, platelet adhesion experiment, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) test, complement activation assay and ex vivo circulation experiment were performed. Results    The hemolysis test results demonstrated that both of the materials showed hemolytic rates lower than 5%. The results of TAT test and complement activation assay showed no statistical differences among the two materials and the blank control group. Compared to the bioprosthetic heart valve materials with glutaraldehyde-based treatment, the materials with non-glutaraldehyde-based treatment showed significantly decreased fibrinogen adsorption, platelet adhesion and thrombosis. Conclusion    Compared to the bioprosthetic heart valve materials with glutaraldehyde-based treatment, the materials with non-glutaraldehyde-based treatment show better hemocompatibility.

BACKGROUND: Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are commonly occurred in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, evidence of irAEs derived from the Chinese population is relatively lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and outcomes of irAEs in Chinese patients with lung cancer after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS: Clinical and follow-up data from lung cancer patients who received at least one time of ICIs from January 2018 to September 2021 at Huadong Hospital, Fudan University were included. Statistical descriptions and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the overall incidence of irAEs, as well as the incidence and outcomes of each type of irAEs. RESULTS: 135 patients were included in the study. 106 patients (78.5%) presented at least one type of irAEs, and the median time to first irAEs onset was 28 d. Most irAEs occurred at early time after treatment, and most irAEs were mild-moderate and reversible. 57 patients (42.2%) died at the study cutoff. The mortality rate of severe irAEs was 12.6% (n=17), and among them 7 patients (41.2%) died of pneumonitis. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) time of the total population was 505 d (95%CI: 352-658) and 625 d (95%CI: 491-759), respectively. Patients who presented any irAEs achieved a longer PFS than those who did not (median PFS: 533 d vs 179 d, P=0.037, HR=0.57), while patients who presented skin toxicities achieved a longer OS than patients who did not (median OS: 797 d vs 469 d, P=0.006, HR=0.70). CONCLUSIONS In real-world settings, irAEs in lung cancer patients were commonly observed, with pneumonitis as the most common fatal irAEs. In addition, patients who presented any irAEs may tend to achieve a longer PFS.
Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/drug therapy* ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Incidence ; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use* ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the expression of MPZL1 in gastric cancer tissues, its relation with the prognosis, and its effects on proliferation and colony formation of gastric cancer. Methods GEPIA and UALCAN databases were used to analyze the expression of MPZL1 in various malignant tumors. The KM Plotter database and UALCAN database were used to analyze the effect of MPZL1 on the overall survival of gastric cancer patients. The expression of MPZL1 protein and the changes of apoptosis-related proteins in gastric cancer cells were detected by Western blot, and the effects of MPZL1 expression on cell proliferation and colony formation were detected by CCK-8 and colony formation assay, respectively. Results MPZL1 was found to be highly expressed in various malignant tumors by GEPIA database. The results of UALCAN and KM Plotter databases analysis showed that MPZL1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues, and might be correlated with the overall survival of gastric cancer patients. The results of CCK-8 and colony formation assay showed that the overexpression of MPZL1 promoted the proliferation and colony formation ability of gastric cancer cells (P < 0.05). Western blot results showed that compared with control group, the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins Bad and Caspase-7 in the overexpression group were significantly lower while those in knockdown group were higher. Conclusion MPZL is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and promotes the proliferation and colony formation of gastric cancer cells, which may be related to the inhibition of apoptosis.

Objective: To evaluate the epidemiologic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhejiang province between 2009 and 2017, so that scientific evidence could be provided for prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods: Spatial, temporal and population distribution of HFMD was analyzed. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase cain reaction was used to test Enterovirus A71 and Coxsackievirus A16 in samples. Results: Between 2009 and 2017, 1 108 093 HFMD cases were reported in Zhejiang with the prevalence of 226.24/100000; 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016 had a higher prevalence than other years. Prevalence of HFMD peaked in April-July and September-October. Wenzhou, Taizhou and Ningbo had a higher prevalence than other cities. In total, 69.27% cases were children who were not enrolled in nursery school, and 65.67% were 1-3 years old. Pathogen surveillance showed that EV-A71 decreased in mild cases, whereas other enterovirus increased. However EV-A71 was still predominant in severe and fatal cases (56.0%). Conclusions Temporal and spatial distribution of HFMD is characteristic in Zhejiang province. EV-A71 predominated in severe cases and fatal cases, while other enterovirus (non-EV-A71, non CV-A16) were the main pathogen for mild cases.