OBJECTIVE To compare the antihypertensive efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan versus benazepril in patients with perimenopausal hypertension， as well as their impacts on ventricular remodeling and inflammatory fibrosis. METHODS A total of 206 perimenopausal hypertensive patients in our hospital from January 1， 2023 to December 30， 2024 were retrospectively included.These patients were enrolled and divided into benazepril group （105 cases） and sacubitril/valsartan group （101 cases）. Benazepril group received Benazepril hydrochloride tablet， and sacubitril/valsartan group received Sacubitril valsartan sodium tablet. All patients were treated for 6 months. The blood pressure（systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure） and blood pressure control status before and after treatment， echocardiographic indicators （left ventricular ejection fraction， left ventricular mass index， relative wall thickness， and early-diastolic peak transmitral flow velocity/early-diastolic peak velocity of the mitral annulus）， inflammatory fibrosis related indicators（high-sensitivity C-reactive protein，ratio of monocytes to lymphocytes，and ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes）， as well as the occurrence of adverse reactions（hypotension，hyperkalemia，and angioedema） were observed in both groups before and after treatment. RESULTS The blood pressure control rate was significantly higher in the sacubitril/valsartan group than in benazepril group （ P ＜0.05）. After treatment， the blood pressure， echocardiographic indicators（except for left ventricular ejection fraction） ，and inflammatory fibrosis related indicators were significantly lower than those before treatment within the same group， and the sacubitril/valsartan group were significantly lower than the benazepril group （ P ＜0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of hypotension， hyperkalemia， angioedema， and overall adverse drug reactions between the two groups （ P ＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Compared with benazepril， sacubitril/valsartan provides superior blood-pressure control， reverses ventricular remodeling， attenuates inflammatory fibrosis in perimenopausal hypertensive patients， while maintaining a similar safety profile.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of lymphoma mortality and potential years of life lost among Wuhan residents, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of lymphoma. Methods Data on lymphoma deaths among residents in Wuhan from 2010 to 2019 were collected from the population-based Wuhan Mortality Surveillance System. Joinpoint regression model was used to evaluate the trends in age-standardized mortality rates and potential years of life lost due to lymphoma among the residents of different ages and genders. Potential years of life lost rate was used to assess the disease burden. Results There were 4 055 deaths (2481in male and 1 574 in female) from major kidney diseases in Wuhan residents between 2010 to 2019, with an age-standardized mortality rate of 5.11/100 000. The mortality rate of major kidney diseases showed an upward trend with increasing age. Between 2010 and 2019, the age-standardized mortality rates of the multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were significantly increased (APC=6.924%, APC=1.407%, P＜0.05), and the potential years of life lost rate of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in female were significantly increased (APC=7.935%，P＜0.05). Conclusion From 2010 to 2019, the mortality rate of lymphoma among residents of Wuhan City shows an upward trend, especially for multiple myeloma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The disease burden of multiple myeloma shows an increasing trend in the female population, suggesting the need to take corresponding preventive and control measures.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for long-term cardiovascular events in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis （PD）， and to construct and validate a visual nomogram prediction model based on multiple parameters. MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted， consecutively enrolling 248 maintenance PD patients （dialysis duration ≥ 3 months）. Demographic characteristics， clinical indicators， laboratory parameters， and echocardiographic indices （including left ventricular ejection fraction ［LVEF］， ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to early diastolic mitral annular velocity （E/e’）， etc.） were collected. The composite endpoint was defined as the occurrence of cardiovascular events or cardiovascular death， with non-cardiovascular death as the competing risk and loss to follow-up or the end of follow-up as censoring events. Fine-Gray competing risks model was used to screen independent predictors， based on which a nomogram model was constructed. Internal validation was performed using the Bootstrap method （1 000 resamplings）， and the concordance index （C-index） and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic （time-dependent ROC） curve were calculated to evaluate the model performance. ResultsWith a median follow-up of 29 months （interquartile range： 24–35 months）， 88 patients （35.48%） reached the composite endpoint， including 80 cases of cardiovascular events and 8 cases of cardiovascular death， and 4 patients died of non-cardiovascular causes. Multivariate Fine-Gray analysis revealed that age， diabetes mellitus， hemoglobin （HGB） level and E/e' ratio were independent influencing factors of the composite endpoint. Specifically， each 1-year increase in age was associated with a 3.0% increase in the risk of the composite endpoint （HR=1.030， P=0.006）； patients with diabetes mellitus had a 167.9% higher risk compared with non-diabetic patients （HR=2.679， P=0.007）； each 1g/L increase in HGB level contributed to a 1.5% reduction in the risk （HR=0.985， P=0.003）； and each 0.1 increase in E/e' ratio led to a 7.2% increase in the risk （HR=1.072， P=0.045）. The nomogram model had a C-index of 0.76 （95% CI： 0.698–0.820）， and the AUC of the time-dependent ROC curve reached 0.849 at 23 months of follow-up. ConclusionIncreased age， complicated with diabetes mellitus， decreased HGB， and elevated E/e' ratio are independent risk factors of long-term occurrence of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death in patients undergoing long-term PD. The nomogram model constructed based on the above variables has good predictive value and clinical applicability， which can provide a reference for cardiovascular risk stratification and individualized intervention in long-term PD patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of plantamajoside(PMS)on diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)and to explore its mechanism of action from mitochondrial autophagy.Methods Mice(C57BL/6J)were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10):normal group(Control),model group(Model),positive drug group(LA),and low(L-PMS),medium(M-PMS),and high(H-PMS)dosage groups.High-sugar and high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was used to duplicate the DPN model.After successful model duplication,the intervention was administered by gavage for 4 weeks.Sciatic nerve was taken,and pathological changes were observed by HE and Nissl staining;oxidative stress indexes SOD,MDA,GSH-Px and inflammatory factors such as IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αin sciatic nerve tissues were detected by kits,and the expression of VDAC1,TOM20,COX IV,PINK1,Parkin,and autophagy proteins of Beclin1,LC3,P62 in mouse sciatic nerves was detected by Western blotting.Results PMS dose-dependently improved the behavioral indexes of DPN mice,reduced the pathological damage of sciatic nerve,and resulted in tightly arranged sciatic nerve fibers,clearly visible myelin structure,uniform coloration,and increased number of Schwann cells as well as Nissl bodies.Compared with the model group,both the M-PMS group and the H-PMS group increased the expression levels of SOD and GSH-Px(P<0.05),while decreased the expression of MDA(P<0.05);the M-PMS group and the H-PMS groups reduced the expression of IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α(P<0.05);the L-PMS group,M-PMS group,and H-PMS group reduced the expression levels of VDAC1,TOM20,and COX IV proteins(P<0.05);the L-PMS group,M-PMS group,and H-PMS group could differentially increase the expression of PINK1,Beclin1,Parkin,and LC3 proteins(P<0.05),and decrease the expression of P62 proteins(P<0.05).Conclusion PMS can play a role in ameliorating neurological injury in DPN mice by promoting PINK1/Parkin pathway-mediated mitochondrial autophagy and alleviating oxidative stress-related inflammatory injury.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of micro RNA-651(miR-651)and the transcrip-tion factor Forkhead Box N2(FOXN2)in lung cancer tissues and to analyse their relationship with patients' prognosis after lobectomy.Methods A total of 98 patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy from January 2020 to December 2021 in Nantong Cancer Hospital were selected as research objects,the lung cancer tissue specimens and corresponding paracancerous tissue specimens of patients were collected,the expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR),and their re-lationship with the prognosis of patients after lobectomy was analyzed.Results At 2-year follow-up,19(19.39％)of 98 patients had recurrent metastasis,and the median time to recurrent metastasis was 20 months(95％CI:18.626--21.374).qPCR assay showed that the expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 in lung cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in paracancerous tissues(P＜0.05).miR-651 and FOXN2 expression levels were significantly correlated with clinicopathological features such as tumour size,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The results of univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the percentages of maximum tumor diameter ≥3 cm,TNM stage Ⅱ,lymph node metastasis,miR-651 low ex-pression and FOXN2 low expression were higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that maximum tumor diameter ≥ 3 cm(HR=3.185,95％CI:1.105-9.182),TNM stage Ⅱ(HR=5.167,95％CI:1.939-13.771),lymph node metastasis(HR=2.860,95％CI:1.115-7.338),low miR-651 expression(HR=5.345,95％CI:1.845-15.483)and low FOXN2 expression(HR=5.404,95％CI:1.744-16.745)were independent risk factors for the prognosis of lung cancer patients after lobectomy(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 were reduced in the tissues of lung cancer patients,and both were associated with tumour size,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and patients' prognosis after lobectomy.

Objective:To analyze the implementation and effectiveness of standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023.Methods:Training data from 2015 to 2023 were retrospectively collected from programs organized by the Guangdong Medical Association, including sessions in aesthetic surgery, dermatology, dentistry, traditional Chinese medicine, laser aesthetics, and injectable aesthetics. The training implementation was summarized. A random sample of 120 trainees was selected to complete a questionnaire to assess training outcomes.Results:A total of 45 offline standardized training sessions were held, covering both theoretical and practical instruction. The total training duration reached 180 days, involving 6 776 participant attendances. Aesthetic surgery accounted for the highest number (1 701 attendances), followed by aesthetic dermatology (1 197 attendances). Among specialized technical programs, laser aesthetics (1 708 attendances) and injectable aesthetics (1 578 attendances) had the most participants. Most trainees (5 705 attendances) were physicians from tertiary public general hospitals. A total of 116 questionnaires were collected, with 115 participants expressing satisfaction with the course content, teaching arrangement, and training materials. All trainees passed the skills assessment and received training certificates.Conclusions:The standardized training for medical aesthetic practitioners in Guangdong province from 2015 to 2023 has been well implemented and shows favorable outcomes. It contributes to improving the technical competence of professionals in the medical aesthetics field.

We have isolated an intestinal probiotic strain, Pediococcus acidilactici HRQ-1. To improve its gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, transportation and storage stability, and slow-release properties, we employed the extrusion method to prepare the microcapsules with P. acidilactici HRQ-1 as the core material and sodium alginate and chitosan as the wall material. The optimal conditions for preparing the microcapsules were determined by single factor and orthogonal tests, and the optimal ratio was determined by taking the embedding rate, survival rate, storage stability, gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, and release rate as the evaluation indexes. The results showed that under the optimal embedding conditions, the embedding rate reached (89.60±0.02)%. Under the optimal formula of freeze-drying protective agent, the freeze-drying survival rate reached (76.42±0.13)%, and the average size of the microcapsules produced was (1.16±0.03) mm. The continuous gastrointestinal fluid simulation experiments confirmed that the microcapsules ensured the viable bacterial count and can slowly release bacteria in the intestinal fluid. The curve of the viable bacterial count during storage at 4 ℃ and room temperature indicated that the prepared microcapsules achieved strains' live number protection. The formula and preparation process of P. acidilactici microcapsules may provide a technological reserve for the preparation of more live bacterial drugs in the future.
Pediococcus acidilactici/chemistry* ; Probiotics/chemistry* ; Capsules/chemistry* ; Alginates/chemistry* ; Chitosan/chemistry* ; Drug Compounding/methods* ; Glucuronic Acid/chemistry* ; Hexuronic Acids/chemistry* ; Freeze Drying

Objective:To analyze the mediating effect of post-traumatic growth between medical coping styles and compliance with rehabilitation exercise in young and middle-aged stroke patients.Methods:By convenience sampling, 217 stroke patients admitted to the Department of Neurology, Xinxiang Central Hospital from March 2023 to February 2024 were selected as the research objects. The investigation was carried out using a basic information questionnaire, Medical Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI), and Exercise Compliance Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships among post-traumatic growth, medical coping styles, and compliance with rehabilitation exercise. The structural equation model was established using AMOS 21.0 software and the mediating effect was verified.Results:A total of 217 questionnaires were distributed, and 209 valid questionnaires were collected, with the valid questionnaire recovery rate being 96.31%. The PTGI score of the 209 patients was (45.62±10.52) ; the positive coping score in SCSQ was (14.05±3.46), and the negative coping score was (15.23±3.67) ; the compliance score with rehabilitation exercise was (31.62±4.38). Post-traumatic growth was positively correlated with the total and dimensional scores of positive coping and rehabilitation exercise compliance ( P<0.05), and negatively correlated with negative coping ( P<0.05) ; positive coping was positively correlated with the total scores and scores of each dimension of compliance with rehabilitation exercise ( P<0.05). Post-traumatic growth played a partial mediating role between medical coping styles and compliance with rehabilitation exercise, and the mediating effect accounted for 25.00% (0.037/0.148) of the total effect. Conclusions:In the early stage of the stable period, young and middle-aged stroke patients show obvious negative coping, have insufficient post-traumatic growth levels, and have good compliance with rehabilitation exercise, with room for improvement. Post-traumatic growth plays a partial mediating role between medical coping styles and compliance with rehabilitation exercise in young and middle-aged stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from the elderly population with infections in Baotou,Inner Mongolia.METHODS The clinical data were collected from 9268 elder-ly patients with infections(with no less than 60 years of age)who were treated in Baotou Medical College of Cen-ter Clinical Medical School and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from 2017 to 2021 and were retrospectively analyzed.The 9268 samples were cultured for isolation of pathogens,the isolated pathogens were identified,and the drug susceptibility testing was performed.RESULTS Totally 9268 strains of pathogens were isolated,53.11％of which were gram-negative bacteria,28.94％were gram-positive bacteria,and 17.95％were fungi.Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the major species of gram-negative bacteria;Entero-cocci and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were dominant among the gram-positive bacteria;Candida albicans was the predominant species of fungi.There were certain differences in the pathogens isolated from the elderly pa-tients with infection between different sexes,among the different seasons and age groups.With respect to drug re-sistance,the gram-positive bacteria maintained highly sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin,while the drug re-sistance rates to ampicillin and penicillin were relatively high.The drug resistance rates of the gram-negative bacte-ria to carbapenems were relatively low,but the drug resistance rates to ampicillin and cefazolin were high.CONCLUSIONS The gram-negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens isolated from the elderly population with infections in Baotou City,Inner Mongolia;the distribution of pathogens is affected by the sex,age and sea-son.There is serious problem with the drug resistance of pathogens,the strains are highly resistant to the com-monly used antibiotics such as ampicillin and penicillin.It is necessary for the hospital to reasonably use antibiotics according to the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance trends of the pathogens and optimize the strate-gies for clinical diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

[Purpose]To analyze the changing trends of the disease burden of liver cancer related to hepatitis B virus(HBV)globally and in China from 1992 to 2021.[Methods]Based on the Global Burden of Disease database in 2021,indicators such as the age-standardized incidence rate and mortality rate of HBV-related liver cancer globally and in China from 1992 to 2021 were collected.The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the changing trends of epidemiologi-cal characteristics,and the age-period-cohort model was adopted to analyze the impacts of age,period,and cohort factors on the incidence and mortality risks of HBV-related liver cancer globally and in China.[Results]From 1992 to 2021,the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized mortality rate of HBV-related liver cancer globally generally showed a trend of decreasing.The average annual percentage changes were-0.31％and-0.61％,respectively,and all the down-ward trends were statistically significant(both P＜0.05).During the same period,the average annu-al percentage changes of the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized mortality rate of HBV-related liver cancer in China were-0.45％and-0.90％,respectively,and all the downward trends were statistically significant(both P＜0.05).The results of the age-period-cohort model anal-ysis showed that from 1992 to 2021,the annual net drift rates of the incidence of HBV-related liver cancer globally and in China were-0.71％(95％CI:-0.84％～-0.57％)and-0.73％(95％CI:-1.01％～-0.44％),respectively.The annual net drift rates of the mortality were-1.15％(95％CI:-1.28％～-1.02％)and-1.42％(95％CI:-1.69％～-1.14％),respectively,all showing an over-all decline.The age effect showed that the risk of HBV-related liver cancer incidence in both the global and Chinese populations began to increase after 30 years of age,peaking in the 70～74 age group,while the risk of mortality surged after 40 years of age and peaked in the population aged 80 and above.The period effect indicated that the incidence and mortality risks were the highest from 1997 to 2001 and the lowest from 2017 to 2021.The cohort effect revealed that the inci-dence and mortality risks gradually decreased in populations born after 1962,with the 2007-2011 birth cohort having the lowest risks.The results of the Wald x2 test showed that there were statistically significant differences in the changing trends of the age,period,and cohort effects on the incidence and mortality of HBV-related liver cancer globally and in China(all P＜0.05).[Con-clusion]From 1992 to 2021,the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized mortality rate of HBV-related liver cancer showed a downward trend both globally and in China.The disease burden of HBV-related liver cancer in China was higher than the global level.The age-period-cohort model has revealed the historical changes in the incidence and mortality of HBV-related liver cancer.The current and future situation of the disease burden of HBV-related liver cancer is not optimistic.It is recommended to implement precise stratified interventions for populations of different ages,periods,and birth cohorts,and actively transform the prevention,treatment,and management strategies for HBV-related liver cancer.