AIM:To investigate the appropriate dose of intravenous dexmedetomidine(Dex)for se-dation in minimally invasive breast surgery under regional block.METHODS:A total of 120 patients with multiple breast masses were selected and di-vided into Dex 0.5 μg/kg group(group D1),Dex 0.75 μg/kg group(group D2),Dex 1.0 μg/kg group(group D3)and normal saline group(group C)ac-cording to the random number table method.After intravenous injection of test drugs,minimally inva-sive rotary cutting under retromammary space an-esthesia was performed.The optimal sedation rate during operation,the optimal sedation rate after operation,Ramsay sedation scores were recorded before anesthesia,at the end of intravenous admin-istration,at the retromammary space anesthesia,at the beginning of surgery,5 min after surgery,at the end of surgery,30 min after administration,and 60 min after administration,visual analogue scale(VAS),vital signs(SBP,DBP,HR,SpO2),the inci-dence of moderate and above pain(VAS＞3)and ad-verse reactions were observed.The optimal seda-tion was defined as intraoperative Ramsay score 2-4 points and postoperative Ramsay score 2-3 points.RESULTS:Dex had a dose-dependent seda-tive and analgesic effect.The optimal sedation rate during operation in group D2 and D3 was significant-ly higher than that in group C and D1,and the opti-mal sedation rate after operation in group D2 was the highest.The rate of VAS score greater than 3 points in group D2 and group D3 was significantly lower than that in group C and group D1,and there was no statistical difference between group D2 and group D3.The incidence of dizziness in group D2and group D3 was higher than that in group C and group D1.There was no significant difference in the inci-dence of hypotension,hypertension,severe brady-cardia,hypoxemia and nausea among the groups.CONCLUSION:Preoperative single intravenous ap-plication of 0.75 μg/kg dexmedetomidine has a def-inite sedative and analgesic effect,and the optimal sedation rate during and after operation is high.It is an appropriate dose for sedation assisted by min-imally invasive breast surgery under regional block.

Chronic heart failure(CHF)is a common end-stage manifestation of cardiovascular disease,and the"spleen-small intestine-heart"axis is its important mechanism.Current studies have shown that the"spleen"in TCM and mitochondria function are similar,and the physiological dysfunction of the"small intestine"is also closely related to intestinal bacterial dysbiosis,and the pathology of the spleen and the small intestine will be transmitted to the heart to accelerate the occurrence and development of CHF.Based on the relevant theory of spleen-small intestine-heart,this article described the correlation between abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism and imbalance of intestinal flora and CHF from the aspects of the spleen,small intestine and heart,and believed that the essence of CHF is a pathological condition formed by mitochondrial energy metabolism crisis and intestinal microecological disorders,which could provide theoretical references for the TCM prevention and treatment of CHF.

Objective:To understand the current situation and relationship between parents′ mental health knowledge level and the attribution of common mental disorders in children and adolescents.Methods:From January to February 2022, an anonymous survey was conducted among the parents of children and adolescents in the form of an online electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information, mental health knowledge questionnaire, and a case-based questionnaire on four common mental disorders among children and adolescents.Results:A total of 386 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The pass rate of the parents′ mental health knowledge questionnaire was 60.1%(232/386). The distribution differences of mental health knowledge scores in terms of demographic factors such as place of residence, disposable monthly family income, educational background, and occupation were statistically significant (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of gender, and marital status (all P>0.05). The most common causes attributed by parents to cases of depression were: high study pressure (66.1%), recent traumatic events (11.9%), and daily conflicts (6.0%). The most common causes of conduct disorder cases were: personality defects (25.6%), problems in childhood (21.5%), and daily conflicts (14.5%). The most common causes of social anxiety cases were: problems in childhood (34.7%), personality defects (32.6%), and high study pressure (6.0%); The most common causes of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases are: problems in childhood (34.5%), personality defects (21.8%), and daily conflicts (9.3%). There were statistically significant differences between the passing score of parents′ mental health knowledge and the attribution of conduct disorders, social anxiety, and ADHD (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of mental health knowledge of parents is relatively low and urgently needs to be improved. The place of residence, the disposable monthly income of the family, educational background and occupation are the influencing factors of parents′ awareness rate of mental health knowledge. Parents attribute common mental disorders in children and adolescents to psychosocial factors, ignoring biological factors. Parents have a relatively low competence in maintaining the mental health of children and adolescents.

Objective:To understand the current situation and relationship between parents′ mental health knowledge level and the attribution of common mental disorders in children and adolescents.Methods:From January to February 2022, an anonymous survey was conducted among the parents of children and adolescents in the form of an online electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information, mental health knowledge questionnaire, and a case-based questionnaire on four common mental disorders among children and adolescents.Results:A total of 386 valid questionnaires were retrieved. The pass rate of the parents′ mental health knowledge questionnaire was 60.1%(232/386). The distribution differences of mental health knowledge scores in terms of demographic factors such as place of residence, disposable monthly family income, educational background, and occupation were statistically significant (all P<0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of gender, and marital status (all P>0.05). The most common causes attributed by parents to cases of depression were: high study pressure (66.1%), recent traumatic events (11.9%), and daily conflicts (6.0%). The most common causes of conduct disorder cases were: personality defects (25.6%), problems in childhood (21.5%), and daily conflicts (14.5%). The most common causes of social anxiety cases were: problems in childhood (34.7%), personality defects (32.6%), and high study pressure (6.0%); The most common causes of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cases are: problems in childhood (34.5%), personality defects (21.8%), and daily conflicts (9.3%). There were statistically significant differences between the passing score of parents′ mental health knowledge and the attribution of conduct disorders, social anxiety, and ADHD (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The level of mental health knowledge of parents is relatively low and urgently needs to be improved. The place of residence, the disposable monthly income of the family, educational background and occupation are the influencing factors of parents′ awareness rate of mental health knowledge. Parents attribute common mental disorders in children and adolescents to psychosocial factors, ignoring biological factors. Parents have a relatively low competence in maintaining the mental health of children and adolescents.

Chronic heart failure(CHF)is a common end-stage manifestation of cardiovascular disease,and the"spleen-small intestine-heart"axis is its important mechanism.Current studies have shown that the"spleen"in TCM and mitochondria function are similar,and the physiological dysfunction of the"small intestine"is also closely related to intestinal bacterial dysbiosis,and the pathology of the spleen and the small intestine will be transmitted to the heart to accelerate the occurrence and development of CHF.Based on the relevant theory of spleen-small intestine-heart,this article described the correlation between abnormal mitochondrial energy metabolism and imbalance of intestinal flora and CHF from the aspects of the spleen,small intestine and heart,and believed that the essence of CHF is a pathological condition formed by mitochondrial energy metabolism crisis and intestinal microecological disorders,which could provide theoretical references for the TCM prevention and treatment of CHF.

Objective This study aims to observe the impact of warm moxibustion on menstrual pain in college students with primary dysmenorrhea and explore its potential mechanism.Methods College students with primary dysmenorrhea were recruited and treated with warm moxibustion at Shenque acupoint for three consecutive menstrual cycles.Healthy subjects were also recruited for comparison.Pain scale,uterine artery hemodynamics,and related inflammatory factors were assessed before and after treatment.Results ①The results of scale study showed that the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea were gradually alleviated with the prolongation of treatment time through the analysis of variance of repeated measurements of the total scores of McGill pain inquiry scale and CMSS dysmenorrhea symptom scale before and after 3 treatments.The results of variance analysis and pairwise comparison of repeated measurements of PRI,VAS and PPI of McGill pain inquiry scale before and after 3 times treatment in warm moxibustion group also showed that each index decreased gradually with the prolongation of treatment time.The comparison of the scores of each item of CMSS scale showed that the severity and duration of low back before treatment were significantly different from those in the healthy group(P<0.001),but the difference was weakened after the third treatment.The severity of vomiting,the duration of vomiting,the severity of diarrhea and the duration of diarrhea were significantly different from those in the healthy group before treatment(P<0.001),but they were still higher than those in the healthy group after the third treatment.but the difference was not statistically significant.②Prior to treatment,PD college students exhibited significantly higher S/D and PI values on both sides compared to healthy subjects,with a statistically significant difference observed for PI on the left side(P<0.001).Following treatment,all aforementioned indexes decreased significantly,particularly PI on the left side which showed a significant difference from pre-treatment levels(P<0.001).③Before treatment,the levels of serum IL-1β,TNF-α,and CRP in PD college students were significantly higher compared to those in the healthy group.The difference in IL-1β level was statistically significant(P<0.001).After treatment,there was a noticeable decrease in the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,and CRP.Specifically,IL-1β showed a significant reduction(P<0.01),and this time the comparison with the healthy group did not reveal any significant difference in IL-1β levels.Conclusion The application of warm moxibustion at the Shenque acupoint demonstrates a significant improvement in both the dysmenorrhea pain rating index and severity among college students with primary dysmenorrhea,while also alleviating the severity and duration of associated symptoms.These positive effects may be attributed to warm moxibustion's ability to enhance uterine microcirculation in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea,and ameliorating inflammatory conditions.

Objective This study aims to observe the impact of warm moxibustion on menstrual pain in college students with primary dysmenorrhea and explore its potential mechanism.Methods College students with primary dysmenorrhea were recruited and treated with warm moxibustion at Shenque acupoint for three consecutive menstrual cycles.Healthy subjects were also recruited for comparison.Pain scale,uterine artery hemodynamics,and related inflammatory factors were assessed before and after treatment.Results ①The results of scale study showed that the severity and duration of dysmenorrhea were gradually alleviated with the prolongation of treatment time through the analysis of variance of repeated measurements of the total scores of McGill pain inquiry scale and CMSS dysmenorrhea symptom scale before and after 3 treatments.The results of variance analysis and pairwise comparison of repeated measurements of PRI,VAS and PPI of McGill pain inquiry scale before and after 3 times treatment in warm moxibustion group also showed that each index decreased gradually with the prolongation of treatment time.The comparison of the scores of each item of CMSS scale showed that the severity and duration of low back before treatment were significantly different from those in the healthy group(P<0.001),but the difference was weakened after the third treatment.The severity of vomiting,the duration of vomiting,the severity of diarrhea and the duration of diarrhea were significantly different from those in the healthy group before treatment(P<0.001),but they were still higher than those in the healthy group after the third treatment.but the difference was not statistically significant.②Prior to treatment,PD college students exhibited significantly higher S/D and PI values on both sides compared to healthy subjects,with a statistically significant difference observed for PI on the left side(P<0.001).Following treatment,all aforementioned indexes decreased significantly,particularly PI on the left side which showed a significant difference from pre-treatment levels(P<0.001).③Before treatment,the levels of serum IL-1β,TNF-α,and CRP in PD college students were significantly higher compared to those in the healthy group.The difference in IL-1β level was statistically significant(P<0.001).After treatment,there was a noticeable decrease in the levels of IL-1β,TNF-α,and CRP.Specifically,IL-1β showed a significant reduction(P<0.01),and this time the comparison with the healthy group did not reveal any significant difference in IL-1β levels.Conclusion The application of warm moxibustion at the Shenque acupoint demonstrates a significant improvement in both the dysmenorrhea pain rating index and severity among college students with primary dysmenorrhea,while also alleviating the severity and duration of associated symptoms.These positive effects may be attributed to warm moxibustion's ability to enhance uterine microcirculation in individuals with primary dysmenorrhea,and ameliorating inflammatory conditions.

Objective:Based on the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, back propagation neutral network (BPNN), and ARIMA-BPNN model, select the optimal model suitable for predicting the incidence trend of hepatitis C in Taiyuan City according to the characteristics of the data.Methods:The data of reported cases of hepatitis C in Taiyuan from 2008 to 2021 were selected, and the seasonal trend decomposition chart was used to analyze the seasonal characteristics of the monthly incidence rate of hepatitis C in Taiyuan during the period, and the ARIMA model, BPNN model, and ARIMA-BPNN model were established to predict. The performance of the model was measured using four indicators: mean absolute error ( MAE), mean squared error ( MSE), root mean square error ( RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error ( MAPE). Results:A total of 20 025 cases of hepatitis C were reported, and the overall incidence trend was stable. The BPNN model performed well on MSE, MAE, and RMSE indicators, the ARIMA-BPNN model performed well on MAPE indicators, and the ARIMA model performed relatively averagely. Conclusions:The ARIMA-BPNN model is a better model for predicting the trend of hepatitis C in Taiyuan City, with a higher predictive performance than a single model. It has significant prospects in predicting the trend of infectious diseases.

Objective:Based on the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, back propagation neutral network (BPNN), and ARIMA-BPNN model, select the optimal model suitable for predicting the incidence trend of hepatitis C in Taiyuan City according to the characteristics of the data.Methods:The data of reported cases of hepatitis C in Taiyuan from 2008 to 2021 were selected, and the seasonal trend decomposition chart was used to analyze the seasonal characteristics of the monthly incidence rate of hepatitis C in Taiyuan during the period, and the ARIMA model, BPNN model, and ARIMA-BPNN model were established to predict. The performance of the model was measured using four indicators: mean absolute error ( MAE), mean squared error ( MSE), root mean square error ( RMSE), and mean absolute percentage error ( MAPE). Results:A total of 20 025 cases of hepatitis C were reported, and the overall incidence trend was stable. The BPNN model performed well on MSE, MAE, and RMSE indicators, the ARIMA-BPNN model performed well on MAPE indicators, and the ARIMA model performed relatively averagely. Conclusions:The ARIMA-BPNN model is a better model for predicting the trend of hepatitis C in Taiyuan City, with a higher predictive performance than a single model. It has significant prospects in predicting the trend of infectious diseases.

AIM:To investigate the appropriate dose of intravenous dexmedetomidine(Dex)for se-dation in minimally invasive breast surgery under regional block.METHODS:A total of 120 patients with multiple breast masses were selected and di-vided into Dex 0.5 μg/kg group(group D1),Dex 0.75 μg/kg group(group D2),Dex 1.0 μg/kg group(group D3)and normal saline group(group C)ac-cording to the random number table method.After intravenous injection of test drugs,minimally inva-sive rotary cutting under retromammary space an-esthesia was performed.The optimal sedation rate during operation,the optimal sedation rate after operation,Ramsay sedation scores were recorded before anesthesia,at the end of intravenous admin-istration,at the retromammary space anesthesia,at the beginning of surgery,5 min after surgery,at the end of surgery,30 min after administration,and 60 min after administration,visual analogue scale(VAS),vital signs(SBP,DBP,HR,SpO2),the inci-dence of moderate and above pain(VAS＞3)and ad-verse reactions were observed.The optimal seda-tion was defined as intraoperative Ramsay score 2-4 points and postoperative Ramsay score 2-3 points.RESULTS:Dex had a dose-dependent seda-tive and analgesic effect.The optimal sedation rate during operation in group D2 and D3 was significant-ly higher than that in group C and D1,and the opti-mal sedation rate after operation in group D2 was the highest.The rate of VAS score greater than 3 points in group D2 and group D3 was significantly lower than that in group C and group D1,and there was no statistical difference between group D2 and group D3.The incidence of dizziness in group D2and group D3 was higher than that in group C and group D1.There was no significant difference in the inci-dence of hypotension,hypertension,severe brady-cardia,hypoxemia and nausea among the groups.CONCLUSION:Preoperative single intravenous ap-plication of 0.75 μg/kg dexmedetomidine has a def-inite sedative and analgesic effect,and the optimal sedation rate during and after operation is high.It is an appropriate dose for sedation assisted by min-imally invasive breast surgery under regional block.