Objective: To investigate the current status of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among freshmen in junior and senior high schools in Lanzhou, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the tuberculosis prevention and control strategy in schools. Methods: The screening results of 74 516 freshmen in senior and boarding junior high schools in Lanzhou during 2023 and 2024 were collected. The Chi square test and multivariate Logistic regression model were applied to analyze LTBI level, strongly positive risk for tuberculin skin test (TST) and related factors of the freshmen. Results: During 2023 and 2024, the screening rate of tuberculosis among freshmen in senior and boarding junior high schools in Lanzhou was 93.45%, of which the positive rate for TST was 5.71%, the infection rate for LTBI was 3.80%, and the strongly positive rate for TST was 1.24%. There were statistically significant differences in the screening rate of tuberculosis among freshmen in different years, grades, regions, school types and districts ( χ 2=5.34, 2 463.88, 3 516.13, 132.34, 4 436.56, all P <0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that senior high schools ( OR =1.62, 2.18) and urban areas ( OR =2.08, 3.07 ) were all related factors for LTBI and strong positivity for TST among freshmen; schools located in Xigu District, Honggu District, Yongdeng County, Yuzhong County, and Lanzhou New Area ( OR =3.57, 5.67, 9.12, 3.70, 3.64) were related factors of strong positivity for TST among freshmen (all P <0.05). Conclusions The LTBI level among freshmen in senior and boarding junior high schools in Lanzhou is relatively low. Grades and regions are related factors for LTBI and strong positivity for TST.

Objective:To investigate the self-care contribution and binary coping level of spouse caregivers for middle-aged and young stroke patients and explore the relationship between the two, in order to improve the quality of self-care contribution of spouse caregivers to middle-aged and young stroke patients.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 200 middle-aged and young stroke patients ′ spouse caregivers in the People ′s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January to June 2023 by the general data questionnaire, the Caregiver Contribution to Self-care of Stroke Patient Scale, the Dyadic Coping Inventory. The correlation between self-care contributions and binary coping strategies of spousal caregivers was analyzed, and the factors that affect their self-care contributions were screened. Results:Finally, 192 middle-aged and young stroke patients ′ spouse caregivers were included, including 70 males and 122 females, aged 18-59 years old. The total score of self-care contribution of spousal caregivers of middle-aged and young stroke patients was (75.43 ± 6.80) points, and the total score of binary coping was (117.12 ± 9.59) points, both of which were positively correlated ( r=0.691, P<0.05). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that after controlling for the influence of general data, binary coping could explain 28.4% variation in the self-care contribution of spouse caregivers of middle-aged and young stroke patients ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The duality coping level positively predicts the quality of spouse caregivers ′ self-care contribution to middle-aged and young stroke patients. Medical staff should assess the dual coping level of middle-aged and young stroke patients and their spouses, and carry out targeted dual intervention measures to improve the quality of caregivers' contribution to stroke patients ′ self-care.

Crohn’s disease is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Although the pharmacotherapies for Crohn’s disease are constantly updating, nutritional support and adjuvant therapies have recently gained more attention. Due to advancements in clinical nutrition, various clinical nutritional therapies are used to treat Crohn’s disease. Doctors treating inflammatory bowel disease can now offer several diets with more flexibility than ever. The Crohn’s disease exclusion diet is a widely used diet for patients with active Crohn’s disease. The Crohn’s disease exclusion diet requires both exclusion and inclusion. Periodic exclusion of harmful foods and inclusion of wholesome foods gradually improves a patient’s nutritional status. This article reviews the Crohn’s disease exclusion diet, including its structure, mechanisms, research findings, and clinical applications.

Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR1) interacts with various nuclear receptors and regulates the anabolism and catabolism of lipids. An imbalance in lipid/energy homeostasis is also an important factor in obesity and metabolic syndrome development. In this study, we found that the deletion of NCoR1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) mainly activated the nuclear receptor PPARα and attenuated metabolic syndrome by stimulating thermogenesis. The increase in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis was mediated by gut-derived tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate succinate, whose production was significantly enhanced by PPARα activation in the fed state. Additionally, NCoR1 deletion derepressed intestinal LXR, increased cholesterol excretion, and impaired duodenal lipid absorption by decreasing bile acid hydrophobicity, thereby reversing the possible negative effects of intestinal PPARα activation. Therefore, the simultaneous regulatory effect of intestinal NCoR1 on both lipid intake and energy expenditure strongly suggests that it is a promising target for developing metabolic syndrome treatment.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and clinical value of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating hemodynamics of ischemic stroke patients with intracranial artery stenosis.Methods:Ischemic stroke patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery stenosis admitted from March 2017 to June 2018 in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Stroke Center were prospectively enrolled. Time of flight magnetic resonance angiography was used to evaluate vascular stenosis, 4D flow MRI was used to measure net forward flow at the proximal of stenosis, and brain tissue perfusion was acquired simultaneously to validate flow.Results:A total of 33 patients with symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis were included [mean age: 56 years; male: 63.6% ( n=21)]. The flow rates among patients with stenosis of <30%, 30%-49%, 50%-69% and ≥70% were (3.56±1.08), (2.96±0.94), (3.72±0.60) and (2.50±1.03) ml/s individually, demonstrating a decreased flow in subjects with severe (≥70%) stenosis ( F=4.34, P=0.008). Further analysis about forward flow and brain tissue perfusion showed that the significant negative correlation between absolute flow rate or relative flow rate and relative time to peak could only be established in subjects with poor collateral (collateral score: 0-2), with r=-0.76 and -0.61 individually, both P<0.05. Conclusion:4D flow MRI could be used as a quantitative flow assessment in subjects with intracranial artery stenosis, and its association with distal brain tissue perfusion depends on collateral status.

The vagina contains at least a billion microbial cells,dominated by lactobacilli.Here we perform metagenomic shotgun sequencing on cervical and fecal samples from a cohort of 516 Chinese women of reproductive age,as well as cervical,fecal,and salivary samples from a second cohort of 632 women.Factors such as pregnancy history,delivery history,cesarean section,and breastfeeding were all more important than menstrual cycle in shaping the microbiome,and such information would be necessary before trying to interpret differences between vagino-cervical micro-biome data.Greater proportion of Bifidobacterium breve was seen with older age at sexual debut.The relative abundance of lactobacilli especially Lactobacillus crispatus was negatively associated with pregnancy history.Potential markers for lack of menstrual regularity,heavy flow,dysmenor-rhea,and contraceptives were also identified.Lactobacilli were rare during breastfeeding or post-menopause.Other features such as mood fluctuations and facial speckles could potentially be predicted from the vagino-cervical microbiome.Gut and salivary microbiomes,plasma vitamins,metals,amino acids,and hormones showed associations with the vagino-cervical microbiome.Our results offer an unprecedented glimpse into the microbiota of the female reproductive tract and call for international collaborations to better understand its long-term health impact other than in the settings of infection or pre-term birth.

BACKGROUND: Based on a mouse model of tibial implantation, some scholars have found that the CaP-coated implant with recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) (PTH(1-34)) shows strong osteogenesis effect at early stage, but this coating has not been applied in the oral environment.OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of local application of PTH(1-34) on immediate implant osseointegration . METHODS: Nine New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (six in experimental group and three in control group). All of the tooth sockets were filled with heterogeneous freeze-dried bone firstly after four incisors of each rabbit were extracted. In the experimental group, a titanium screw with PTH(1-34) loaded CaP coating was implanted into each tooth socket, while in the control group, a titanium screw with only CaP coating was implanted. The animals were executed respectively at 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation, and the intact maxillary and mandibular specimens were harvested and tested by gross observation, bone density analysis, torque test, histologic al observation, X-ray observation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gray value and maximum torque value of regenerated osseous tissue at different time points in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Within 4-12 weeks after implantation, regenerated and mature bone tissue appeared earlier in the experimental group than the control group. A large amount of new blood vessels were seen in the experimental group at 8 weeks after implantation, while in the control group, there were only few new blood vessels. To conclude, the local application of PTH(1-34) can promote bone formation, improve the implant-bone bonding strength, and enhance the stability of the implant.

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of artificial pneumothorax combined with intercostal nerve block in alleviating chest pain occurring during and after percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) for subpleural lung malignancy.Methods A total of 30 patients with subpleural lung malignancy were randomly and equally divided into group A (n=10),group B (n=10) and group C (n=10).The patients in group A received both artificial pneumothorax and intercostal nerve block before MWA.The patients in group B only received artificial pneumothorax before MWA,and the patients in group C only received intercostal nerve block before MWA.The degree of pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) score during MWA,immediately after MWA and at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after WMA.The side effects after MWA were recorded.Results During MWA,no statistically significant differences in VAS scores existed between each other among the three groups (P=0.885).The VAS scores determined at 6 h,12 h and 24 h after MWA in group C were significantly increased (P=0.014,P=0.006 and P=0.006 respectively).No patient in group A and group B developed symptoms of chest tightness after artificial pneumothorax was performed.After treatment,a small amount of asymptomatic residual pneumothorax was still observed in 6 patients of group A and group B,which disappeared spontaneously in about one week.Another patient still showed massive pneumothorax even after thoracic gas suction,and the patient recovered after thoracic closed drainage for three days.No other serious complications related to artificial pneumothorax occurred.Conclusion Artificial pneumothorax combined with intercostal nerve block can effectively relieve the chest pain occurring during and after MWA in patients with subpleural lung malignancy,and clinically this technique is quite safe.(J Intervent Radiol,2017,26:269-273)

Objective To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adults in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 639 adults enrolled with a multistage method from Jingyuan County.The MS was identified according to Chinese type 2 diabetes prevention guide (2013).Results Among all the subjects, 17.4% of them met the MS definition with the standardized prevalence of 14.7% after adjustment of sex and age.The prevalence and standardized rate of MS in men were 19.9% and 17.3%, and in women were 15.3% and 13.5%.The prevalence of MS in men was higher than that in women(P<0.001) and increased with aging in both genders.The prevalence and standardized rate of abdominal obesity,hyperglycemia,hypertension,high triglycerides,and low HDL-C were 19.5% and 16.7%, 15.0% and 12.9%, 42.0% and 37.1%, 25.8% and 23.1%, 28.5% and 27.7%,respectively.The rate of abdominal obesity was higher in women than in men (20.5% vs 18.2%, P=0.004), whereas the rate of hypertension, high triglycerides, and low HDL-C were higher in men than in women (all P<0.01).The prevalence of having one parameter of the MS was 68.4%.Conclusion The prevalence of MS is higher in rural areas of Ningxia Hui autonomous region, suggesting that a series of comprehensive prevention measures should be carried out to prevent and control the MS so as to improve the public health conditions in rural areas.