Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cross-county imported dengue fever cases within Yunnan province in 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of preventive and control measures for intra-provincial spread of dengue fever. Methods All data pertaining cross-county imported dengue fever cases within Yunnan Province in 2023 were collected, and the temporal, regional and population distributions of the cases were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 1 664 intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases were reported in 95 counties (cities, districts) cross 16 profectures (cities) in Yunnan Province in 2023, accounting for 12.34% of total cases in the province. Cross-county imported dengue fever cases were predominantly reported during the period between August and October (1 516 cases, 91.11% of total cases), and peaked in September (659 cases), with a single-day peak on October 8 (36 cases). During the period from September 4 to 10, five counties (cities) with local dengue fever epidemics, including Jinghong City of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County of Lincang City, Ruili City of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Mengla Coun ty of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, and Zhenkang County of Lincang City, exported 165 cross-county imported dengue fever cases to the rest of the province. Among the 1 644 intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases, the male to female ratio was 1.40∶1.00, and 1 329 cases were at ages of 15 to 55 years (79.87%), with farmers as the predominant occupation (886 cases, 53.25%). The top 5 counties (cities/districts) reporting the highest number of intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases included Simao District (266 cases) and Lancang Lahu Autonomous County (118 cases) of Pu’er City, Mengla County (91 cases) and Menghai County (91 cases) of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, and Mangshi City (73 cases) of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, which accounting for 38.40% of total imported cases. These intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases originated from 7 counties (cities/districts) in 4 prefectures (cities), including 1 261 cases (76.70%) from Jinghong City of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, 224 cases (13.63%) from Ruili City of Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, 103 cases (6.27%) from Gengma Dai and Wa Autonomous County of Lincang City, 31 cases (1.89%) from Mengla County of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, 30 cases (1.82%) from Zhenkang County of Lincang City, 10 cases (0.61%) from Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County of Lincang City, and 5 cases (0.30%) from Mohan-Boten Economic Cooperation Zone of Kunming City. In addition, local dengue fever epidemics following intra-provincial cross-county importation of dengue fevers cases in Simao District, Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County, Mangshi City, Longchuan County, and Cangyuan Wa Autonomous County. Conclusions Farmers and students are high-risk populations for intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases in Yunnan Province, and health education pertaining personal protection against dengue fever should be strengthened among these high-risk populations by governments at all levels. There is a high risk of local out-break of dengue fever following continuous introduction of intra-provincial cross-county imported cases. Standardized management of intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases should be reinforced to reduce the risk of local epidemics.

The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection is a major factor restricting the development of animal husbandry. However, the abuse of antibiotics will lead to the antibiotic residues and emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The existing vaccines face challenges in stimulating intestinal immunity, demonstrating limited prevention effects. Therefore, it is indispensable to develop a new vaccine that is safe and suitable as a feed additive to activate intestinal immunity. This study constructed yeast-cell microcapsules (YCM) carrying the DNA vaccine against ETEC by genetic engineering. Furthermore, animal experiments were carried out to explore the regulatory effects of feeding YCM on the intestinal immune system and intestinal microbiota. Saccharomyces cerevisiae was selected as the oral delivery vehicle (microcapsules) of the DNA vaccine. The codon-optimized nucleic acid sequence of K88, the main antigen of mammal-derived ETEC, was synthesized, and the yeast shuttle vector containing the corresponding DNA vaccine expression cassette was constructed by DNA recombination. The recombinant strain of YCM was prepared by transforming JMY1. Additionally, the characteristics of the YCM strain and its feasibility as an oral vaccine were comprehensively evaluated by the fluorescence reporter assay, gastrointestinal fluid tolerance assay, intestinal epithelial cell adhesion assay, intestinal retention assessment, antiserum detection, and intestinal microbiota detection. The experimental results showed that the DNA vaccine expression cassette was expressed in mammals, and the recombinant strain of YCM could tolerate up to 8 hours of gastrointestinal fluid digestion and had good adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells. The results of mouse feeding experiments indicated that the recombinant strain of YCM could stay in the intestinal tract for at least two weeks, and the DNA vaccine expression cassette carried by YCM entered the intestinal immune system and triggered an immune response to induce the production of specific antibodies. Moreover, feeding YCM recombinant bacteria also improved the abundance of gut microbiota in mice, demonstrating a positive effect in regulating intestinal flora. In summary, we prepared the recombinant strain of YCM carrying the DNA vaccine against ETEC and comprehensively evaluated its characteristics and feasibility as an oral vaccine. Feeding the recombinant YCM could induce specific immune responses and regulate intestinal microbiota. The findings provide a reference for the immunoprevention of ETEC-related animal diseases.
Animals ; Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli/genetics* ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism* ; Vaccines, DNA/genetics* ; Mice ; Escherichia coli Infections/immunology* ; Escherichia coli Vaccines/genetics* ; Capsules ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Female

Objective: To analyze the relationship between microorganisms and endodontic disease by using 16 S rDNA sequencing to compare the composition of the microbial community in the root canals of teeth with pulpitis and apical periodontitis. Methods: Clinical samples were collected from teeth requiring root canal treatment.The total DNA of the bacteria in the samples and the gene fragments of the V3-V4 highly variable region on the 16S rDNA fragments were amplified through PCR.After sequencing by NovaSeq,statistical and bioinformatic analysis,including phylogenetic analysis,diversity analysis and analysis of group differences,were performed. Results: In total,6 teeth with pulpitis and 7 teeth with apical periodontitis were collected,and a total of 8 510 OTUs were obtained after next-generation sequencing,and the analysis of bacterial diversity showed that the difference between pulpitis and apical periodontitis in terms of the composition of the bacterial flora was statistically significant(P<0.05).In particular,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota phylum was significantly higher in the roots of teeth affected by pulpitis than apical periodontitis.The relative abundance of Bacteroidota phylum and Synergistota phylum was significantly higher in the root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis. Conclusion There is a complex diversity of infecting microorganisms in the root canals of teeth affected by endodontic diseases.The microbial communities in the infected root canals of pulpitis and apical periodontitis show some differences,and changes in the microbial composition of the root canals may be associated with the development of endodontic diseases.

Objective To analyze the relationship between microorganisms and endodontic disease by using 16S rDNA sequencing to compare the composition of the microbial community in the root canals of teeth with pulpitis and apical periodontitis.Methods Clinical samples were collected from teeth requiring root canal treatment.The to-tal DNA of the bacteria in the samples and the gene fragments of the V3-V4 highly variable region on the 16S rDNA fragments were amplified through PCR.After sequencing by NovaSeq,statistical and bioinformatic analysis,inclu-ding phylogenetic analysis,diversity analysis and analysis of group differences,were performed.Results In total,6 teeth with pulpitis and 7 teeth with apical periodontitis were collected,and a total of 8 510 OTUs were obtained after next-generation sequencing,and the analysis of bacterial diversity showed that the difference between pulpitis and apical periodontitis in terms of the composition of the bacterial flora was statistically significant(P＜0.05).In particular,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota and Actinobacteriota phylum was significantly higher in the roots of teeth affected by pulpitis than apical periodontitis.The relative abundance of Bacteroidota phylum and Synergistota phylum was significantly higher in the root canals of teeth with apical periodontitis.Con-clusion There is a complex diversity of infecting microorganisms in the root canals of teeth affected by endodontic diseases.The microbial communities in the infected root canals of pulpitis and apical periodontitis show some differ-ences,and changes in the microbial composition of the root canals may be associated with the development of endo-dontic diseases.

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture(EA)in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)after gynecological surgery.Methods PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Embase,China national knowledge infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang database,and China biomedical literature database(CBM)were systematically searched.The re-trieval period was from the establishment of the database to December 2022.Relevant randomized controlled trials on EA for the treatment of PONV in gynecological surgery were collected.RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results Fourteen randomized controlled trials were accommodated,including 958 patients,477 patients in the EA group and 481 patients in the control group.Compared with the control group,the incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group EA at 0-48 hours postoperatively(RR=0.55,95％CI 0.47 to 0.65,P＜0.001),and the PONV scores were significantly lower in the postopera-tive period within 48 hours in group EA(MD=-0.40 scores,95％CI-0.65 to-0.16 scores,P=0.004),the incidence of postoperative remedial antiemetic were significantly lower(RR=0.28,95％CI 0.16 to 0.51,P＜0.001).Conclusion EA can reduce the incidence of PONV and the incidence of re-medial antiemetic after gynecologic surgery.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV)after laparoscopic non-gastrointestinal surgery.Methods Databases such as PubMed,Cochrane library,Web of Science,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang,and Chinese biomedical database(CBM)were searched to find and screen ran-domized controlled trials(RCTs)of TEAS in the prevention and treatment of PONV after laparoscopic non-gastrointestinal surgery.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to July 2023.Meta-a-nalysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results Twenty-two RCTs involving 3 538 patients were included,including 1 799 in the TEAS group and 1 739 in the control group.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total incidence of PONV in the TEAS group was significantly lower than that in the control group 0-24 hours after operation(RR=0.54,95％CI 0.44-0.68,P＜0.001),and the incidence of postoperative remedial antiemetic was significantly reduced(RR=0.54,95％CI 0.38-0.77,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative acupoint stimulation-related adverse reactions between the two groups(RR=0.62,95％CI 0.15-2.51,P=0.500).Conclusion TEAS has good clinical efficacy and safety in the treatment of PONV after laparoscopic non-gastrointestinal surgery.

Objective To observe the alterations in functional complexity of brain regions in autism spectrum disorder(ASD)patients and correlations with the predicted brain age.Methods Open brain resting-state functional MRI(rs-MRI)data of 93 ASD patients and 96 typically developing adolescents(healthy subjects)were downloaded.The functional complexity in brain regions were extracted with self-developed virtual digital brain software,and the alterations in functional complexity of brain regions in ASD patients and correlations with their ages were analyzed.Two networks were prospectively trained with data of 65 ASD patients and 67 healthy subjects as the training set to predict brain age,and the results were evaluated,and the predicting errors were compared using test set,i.e.the other 28 ASD patients and 29 healthy subjects.Results Compared to healthy subjects,on the basis of anatomical automatic labeling(AAL)atlas,ASD patients exhibited significantly reduced functional complexity based on Shannon entropy in the left precuneus,left cuneus and right parahippocampal gyrus.Conversely,functional complexity of ASD patients based on permutation entropy significantly increased in the left cuneus and right cerebellar Crus Ⅱ region.The left hippocampus showed reduced functional complexity based on Pearson correlation coefficient,while the left middle temporal gyrus showed increased functional complexity based on Pearson correlation coefficient.The functional complexity in brain regions of ASD patients were not closely correlated with ages(all|r|＜0.4).According to the trained fully connected network,the predicted brain ages of ASD patients and healthy subjects in test set were all lower than their physiological ages,but no significant difference was found between the prediction errors of ASD patients and healthy subjects(P=0.283).Conclusion Functional complexity changed in some brain region functions in ASD patients.The predicted brain ages of ASD patients based on the obtained fully connected network were on the low side,but not obviously affected by the alterations of functional complexity in brain regions.

Objective To explore the role of G protein pathway suppressor 2(GPS2)in regulating proliferation,migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line MHCC-97H.Methods The expression of GPS2 in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells were detected using quantitative PCR or Western blot;GPS2 was either over-expressed or knocked down in HCC cells using over-expression vectors or short hairpin RNAs(shRNAs)for GPS2,respectively.Clone formation assay,scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to detect the effects of GPS2 on proliferation,migration and invasion of HCC cells.Results In HCC cells,over-expression of GPS2 was found to inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of HCC cells MHCC-97H,while knockdown of GPS2 up-regulated proliferation,migration and invasion of MHCC-97H(P＜0.05).The over-expression of GPS2 in MHCC-97H cells was found to inhibit the expression of cell proliferation,migration and invasion-related factors such as EGFR,MMP1,MMP3 and MMP9,while knockdown of GPS2 upregulated the expression of these factors(P＜0.05).Conclusions GPS2 is a novel HCC regulatory factor that inhibits proliferation,migration and invasion of HCC cells.

Mutations of the X-linked methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene in humans are responsible for most cases of Rett syndrome (RTT), an X-linked progressive neurological disorder. While genome-wide screens in clinical trials have revealed several putative RTT-associated mutations in MECP2, their causal relevance regarding the functional regulation of MeCP2 at the etiologic sites at the protein level requires more evidence. In this study, we demonstrated that MeCP2 was dynamically modified by O-linked-β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) at threonine 203 (T203), an etiologic site in RTT patients. Disruption of the O-GlcNAcylation of MeCP2 specifically at T203 impaired dendrite development and spine maturation in cultured hippocampal neurons, and disrupted neuronal migration, dendritic spine morphogenesis, and caused dysfunction of synaptic transmission in the developing and juvenile mouse cerebral cortex. Mechanistically, genetic disruption of O-GlcNAcylation at T203 on MeCP2 decreased the neuronal activity-induced induction of Bdnf transcription. Our study highlights the critical role of MeCP2 T203 O-GlcNAcylation in neural development and synaptic transmission potentially via brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
Animals ; Humans ; Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2/metabolism* ; Mice ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/genetics* ; Rett Syndrome/genetics* ; Synaptic Transmission ; Threonine

Osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly will seriously reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. For osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, spinal reconstruction is necessary, which should comprehensively consider factors such as the physical condition, fracture type, clinical characteristics and osteoporosis degree. While there lacks relevant clinical norms or guidelines on selection of spinal reconstruction strategies. In order to standardize the concept of spinal reconstruction for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, based on the principles of scientificity, practicality and progressiveness, the authors formulated the Clinical guideline for spinal reconstruction of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture in elderly patients ( version 2022), in which suggestions based on evidence of evidence-based medicine were put forward upon 10 important issues related to the fracture classification, non-operative treatment strategies and surgical treatment strategies in spinal reconstruction after osteoporosis thoracolumbar fracture in the elderly, hoping to provide a reference for clinical treatment.