Zhusha Anshenwan is a classical traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） formula originating from LI Dongyuan's Treatise on the Differentiation of Endogenous and Exogenous Injuries （Nei Wai Shang Bian Huo Lun） of the Jin-Yuan period. It is composed of five medicinal ingredients： Cinnabaris （Zhusha）， Coptidis Rhizoma （Huanglian）， Angelicae Sinensis Radix （Danggui）， Rehmanniae Radix （Shengdihuang）， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma （Gancao）. Under the guidance of TCM theory， this formula is used to treat syndromes of disturbed spirit， including insomnia， palpitations， and anxiety， caused by hyperactivity of heart fire and deficiency of Yin-blood， and it also exerts auxiliary anticonvulsant effects in epilepsy and related conditions. However， the potential neurotoxicity， hepatotoxicity， and nephrotoxicity of its monarch drug， Cinnabaris （mainly composed of mercuric sulfide， HgS）， together with the risk of in vivo accumulation， have rendered its clinical application controversial， and it has not yet been formally included in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. In addition， restrictions imposed by the Minamata Convention on Mercury have led to an increasing shortage of natural medicinal Cinnabaris resources， making the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of synthetic Cinnabaris particularly urgent. This contradiction highlights the complexity of safety evaluation for traditional medicines. Existing studies indicate that Zhusha Anshenwan exhibits definite pharmacological activities in calming the mind， improving sleep， and regulating emotional disorders. Moreover， other components of the formula may exert antagonistic effects on the toxicity of Cinnabaris， and reports of severe mercury poisoning caused by standardized clinical use of this prescription are extremely rare. Research suggests that other ingredients in the compound formula， such as Rehmanniae Radix， Coptidis Rhizoma， and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， may effectively alleviate the hepatorenal toxicity of Cinnabaris through mechanisms including modulation of the gut microbiota， formation of mercury complexes， and direct protection of target organs. This article aims to systematically review the progress in pharmacodynamic research on Zhusha Anshenwan， to explore its mechanisms of action in depth， and to analyze the toxicokinetic characteristics and safety risks of Cinnabaris， as well as the scientific connotations of toxicity reduction and efficacy enhancement achieved through compound compatibility. In addition， it compares Zhusha Anshenwan with other commonly used sedative formulas， with the aim of providing a scientific basis and forward-looking perspectives for the safe and rational application and in-depth development of this classical prescription in a modern context， and of emphasizing the important value of holistic research on TCM compound formulas in addressing the challenges of single-component toxicity.

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity and immune persistence of human rabies vaccine (Vero cell) in healthy people aged 10-17 years and compare it with a group of adults aged 18-60 years.Methods:This study was conducted between July 2021 and November 2022 with Shangyu district and Shengzhou city of Shaoxing city, Zhejiang Province selected as the research sites. Zagreb regimen (2-1-1 schedule) and Essen regimen (1-1-1-1-1 schedule) were used for rabies vaccine administration. Serum samples were collected at different time points before and after immunization to compare the differences in seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) between the 10-17 age group and the 18-60 age group.Results:A total of 1 200 healthy participants aged 10-60 were included, with 157 individuals (13.1%) in the 10-17 age group and 1 043 individuals (86.9%) in the 18-60 age group. Both groups displayed a nearly 100% seropositivity rate at 3, 6 and 12 months, and the participants in the same age group had similar antibody levels. The GMC of antibodies gradually increased after vaccination and peaked on 14 d. The 10-17 age group showed higher GMC of antibodies than the 18-60 age group at 14 d after the first dose (Zagreb regimen: 81.85 IU/ml vs 63.15 IU/ml, t=2.411, P=0.018; Essen regimen: 86.61 IU/ml vs 69.24 IU/ml, t=3.906, P<0.001). Similar differences were observed in the GMC of antibodies at 14 d and 3 months after the full vaccination course, but these differences gradually decreased and disappeared at 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Conclusions:Human rabies vaccine (Vero cell) has lasting immune protection in all participants within one year after vaccination, with no significant differences between the two vaccination regimens. Participants aged 10-17 have higher antibody levels compared to adults aged 18-60, but there is no significant difference in immune persistence between the two age groups.

At present,indocyanine green(ICG)is intraoperative imaging agent with the most of advantages,and the ICG fluorescence imaging technique that derived from it has been widely developed in surgery with laparoscope for colorectal cancer.This technique can effectively realize tumor localization,assessment for resection margin,imaging of lymph node and lymphatic vessel,which has important value in judging the blood supply of the anastomosis,and can further effectively improve surgical safety and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.In addition,ICG fluorescence imaging technique can also powerfully promote the development of minimally invasion and individualization of colorectal surgery.With the advancement of laparoscopic equipment,deepening of medical theory,progress of surgical techniques,and the integration of artificial intelligence and medicine,the application scenarios of ICG imaging technique are gradually expanding.This article reviewed the imaging principles,current status of application,and current existing issues of ICG fluorescence imaging technique in surgery for colorectal cancer,which conducted preliminarily exploration for its value in guiding the practice of the theory of membrane anatomy.

Objective:To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in assisting neonates with complex congenital heart diseases (CHD) and the survival rate of the patients.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was made on 22 newborns with complex CHD assisted by ECMO during the perioperative period in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2018 to June 2024.There were 19 males and 3 females in the newborns included, with an average age of (10.4±8.7) days (range: 1-26 days) and an average weight of (3.1±0.3) kg.Complex CHD included total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 9 cases (40.9%), interrupted aortic arch and coarctation in 8 cases (36.4%), transposition of great arteries in 3 cases (13.6%), double outlet right ventricle in 1 case (4.5%) and cardiac tumor in 1 case (4.5%).The patients were divided into the <5 d group, 5-12 d group, and >12 d group according to the duration of ECMO support.Data were compared using the t-test or χ2 test. Results:There were 8 cases (36.4%) successfully weaned from ECMO support and 6 cases (27.3%) survived.ECMO support was used routinely in 15 cases (68.2%), and for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 7 cases (31.8%).The duration of ECMO support was (5.9±3.7) days.There were no statistically differences in age, weight, gender, disease composition, operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross-clamp time, assistant time, blood routine, liver and kidney function and other biochemical indicators, preoperative cardiac ejection fraction value, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and other infection indicators between the death group and the survival group (all P>0.05).The highest lactate values 24 hours before [(8.1±5.4) mmol/L] and after ECMO support [(10.5±7.1) mmol/L] in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the death group [(18.7±9.2) mmol/L, (21.3±8.6) mmol/L] ( t=2.606, P=0.018; t=2.729, P=0.013).It was found that the survival rate was 0/9 (0) in the <5 d group, 6/12 (50.0%) in the 5-12 d group, and 0/1 (0) in the >12 d group.The survival rate of the 5-12 d group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of the <5 d group ( χ2=6.300, P=0.012). Conclusions:ECMO support is an effective treatment for severe circulatory failure in neonates with complex CHD in the perioperative period.The highest lactate levels 24 hours before and after ECMO support affect the survival rate.Patients receiving 5-12 d ECMO support can achieve the highest survival rate.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of permanent hypoparathyroidism(pHPP)after total thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid cancer and establish a nomogram prediction model.Methods A total of 245 patients with thyroid cancer who received total thyroidectomy in our hospital were enrolled between January 2020 and January 2024.According to presence or absence of postoperative pHPP,patients were divided into the pHPP group and the non-pHPP group.The influencing factors of postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The nomogram prediction model for postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer was constructed and varified,and efficiency of the model was evaluated.Results In 245 patients with thyroid cancer,the incidence of pHPP within 6 months after surgery was 10.20%(25/245).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in tumor size,surgical method,central lymph node dissection,use of nano carbon tracer,envelope invasion,parathyroid excision by mistake,Hashimoto thyroiditis,serum calcium and parathyroid hormone at 1 d after surgery between the two groups(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in gender,age,smoking,drinking,extraglandular invasion,parathyroid autologous transplantation,preoperative vitamin D or serum phosphorus at 1 d after surgery between the two groups(P＞0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that maximum tumor diameter≥4 cm,routine and open total thyroidectomy,central lymph node dissection,no use of nano carbon tracer and parathyroid excision by mistake were all independent risk factors for postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer(P＜0.05).Results of nomogram prediction model showed that C-index was 0.921,the corrected curve was close to ideal curve,and AUC of nomogram model for predicting postoperative pHPP was 0.926(95%CI:0.871-0.981).Conclusion The nomogram prediction model constructed based on independent risk factors of postoperative pHPP has good predictive efficiency in patients with thyroid cancer.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of permanent hypoparathyroidism(pHPP)after total thyroidectomy in patients with thyroid cancer and establish a nomogram prediction model.Methods A total of 245 patients with thyroid cancer who received total thyroidectomy in our hospital were enrolled between January 2020 and January 2024.According to presence or absence of postoperative pHPP,patients were divided into the pHPP group and the non-pHPP group.The influencing factors of postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.The nomogram prediction model for postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer was constructed and varified,and efficiency of the model was evaluated.Results In 245 patients with thyroid cancer,the incidence of pHPP within 6 months after surgery was 10.20%(25/245).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in tumor size,surgical method,central lymph node dissection,use of nano carbon tracer,envelope invasion,parathyroid excision by mistake,Hashimoto thyroiditis,serum calcium and parathyroid hormone at 1 d after surgery between the two groups(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in gender,age,smoking,drinking,extraglandular invasion,parathyroid autologous transplantation,preoperative vitamin D or serum phosphorus at 1 d after surgery between the two groups(P＞0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that maximum tumor diameter≥4 cm,routine and open total thyroidectomy,central lymph node dissection,no use of nano carbon tracer and parathyroid excision by mistake were all independent risk factors for postoperative pHPP in patients with thyroid cancer(P＜0.05).Results of nomogram prediction model showed that C-index was 0.921,the corrected curve was close to ideal curve,and AUC of nomogram model for predicting postoperative pHPP was 0.926(95%CI:0.871-0.981).Conclusion The nomogram prediction model constructed based on independent risk factors of postoperative pHPP has good predictive efficiency in patients with thyroid cancer.

Objective:To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in assisting neonates with complex congenital heart diseases (CHD) and the survival rate of the patients.Methods:A retrospective case-control study was made on 22 newborns with complex CHD assisted by ECMO during the perioperative period in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from January 2018 to June 2024.There were 19 males and 3 females in the newborns included, with an average age of (10.4±8.7) days (range: 1-26 days) and an average weight of (3.1±0.3) kg.Complex CHD included total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in 9 cases (40.9%), interrupted aortic arch and coarctation in 8 cases (36.4%), transposition of great arteries in 3 cases (13.6%), double outlet right ventricle in 1 case (4.5%) and cardiac tumor in 1 case (4.5%).The patients were divided into the <5 d group, 5-12 d group, and >12 d group according to the duration of ECMO support.Data were compared using the t-test or χ2 test. Results:There were 8 cases (36.4%) successfully weaned from ECMO support and 6 cases (27.3%) survived.ECMO support was used routinely in 15 cases (68.2%), and for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 7 cases (31.8%).The duration of ECMO support was (5.9±3.7) days.There were no statistically differences in age, weight, gender, disease composition, operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, cross-clamp time, assistant time, blood routine, liver and kidney function and other biochemical indicators, preoperative cardiac ejection fraction value, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and other infection indicators between the death group and the survival group (all P>0.05).The highest lactate values 24 hours before [(8.1±5.4) mmol/L] and after ECMO support [(10.5±7.1) mmol/L] in the survival group were significantly lower than those in the death group [(18.7±9.2) mmol/L, (21.3±8.6) mmol/L] ( t=2.606, P=0.018; t=2.729, P=0.013).It was found that the survival rate was 0/9 (0) in the <5 d group, 6/12 (50.0%) in the 5-12 d group, and 0/1 (0) in the >12 d group.The survival rate of the 5-12 d group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that of the <5 d group ( χ2=6.300, P=0.012). Conclusions:ECMO support is an effective treatment for severe circulatory failure in neonates with complex CHD in the perioperative period.The highest lactate levels 24 hours before and after ECMO support affect the survival rate.Patients receiving 5-12 d ECMO support can achieve the highest survival rate.

At present,indocyanine green(ICG)is intraoperative imaging agent with the most of advantages,and the ICG fluorescence imaging technique that derived from it has been widely developed in surgery with laparoscope for colorectal cancer.This technique can effectively realize tumor localization,assessment for resection margin,imaging of lymph node and lymphatic vessel,which has important value in judging the blood supply of the anastomosis,and can further effectively improve surgical safety and reduce the risk of postoperative complications.In addition,ICG fluorescence imaging technique can also powerfully promote the development of minimally invasion and individualization of colorectal surgery.With the advancement of laparoscopic equipment,deepening of medical theory,progress of surgical techniques,and the integration of artificial intelligence and medicine,the application scenarios of ICG imaging technique are gradually expanding.This article reviewed the imaging principles,current status of application,and current existing issues of ICG fluorescence imaging technique in surgery for colorectal cancer,which conducted preliminarily exploration for its value in guiding the practice of the theory of membrane anatomy.

Objective:To evaluate the immunogenicity and immune persistence of human rabies vaccine (Vero cell) in healthy people aged 10-17 years and compare it with a group of adults aged 18-60 years.Methods:This study was conducted between July 2021 and November 2022 with Shangyu district and Shengzhou city of Shaoxing city, Zhejiang Province selected as the research sites. Zagreb regimen (2-1-1 schedule) and Essen regimen (1-1-1-1-1 schedule) were used for rabies vaccine administration. Serum samples were collected at different time points before and after immunization to compare the differences in seropositivity rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) between the 10-17 age group and the 18-60 age group.Results:A total of 1 200 healthy participants aged 10-60 were included, with 157 individuals (13.1%) in the 10-17 age group and 1 043 individuals (86.9%) in the 18-60 age group. Both groups displayed a nearly 100% seropositivity rate at 3, 6 and 12 months, and the participants in the same age group had similar antibody levels. The GMC of antibodies gradually increased after vaccination and peaked on 14 d. The 10-17 age group showed higher GMC of antibodies than the 18-60 age group at 14 d after the first dose (Zagreb regimen: 81.85 IU/ml vs 63.15 IU/ml, t=2.411, P=0.018; Essen regimen: 86.61 IU/ml vs 69.24 IU/ml, t=3.906, P<0.001). Similar differences were observed in the GMC of antibodies at 14 d and 3 months after the full vaccination course, but these differences gradually decreased and disappeared at 6 and 12 months after vaccination. Conclusions:Human rabies vaccine (Vero cell) has lasting immune protection in all participants within one year after vaccination, with no significant differences between the two vaccination regimens. Participants aged 10-17 have higher antibody levels compared to adults aged 18-60, but there is no significant difference in immune persistence between the two age groups.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of deep muscle stimulation on muscle structure and function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. MethodsFrom January, 2023 to March, 2024, 30 children with spastic cerebral palsy in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were randomly divided into control group (n = 15) and intervention group (n = 15). Both groups received conventional rehabilitation therapy, while the intervention group added deep muscle stimulation, for four weeks. Before and after training, the gastrocnemius muscle was examined by ultrasound diagnosis system in two aspects: transverse incision and longitudinal incision. Indicators included fascicle length, muscular thickness, cross sectional area and pennation angle. The modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) was used to assess the muscle tension of the lower extremity of the affected side. The standing, walking, running and jumping function were evaluated by Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) D and E areas. ResultsAfter training, the fascicule length and pennation angle improved significantly in both groups (|t| > 6.329, P < 0.001), and they were better in the intervention group than in the control group (|t| > 2.347, P < 0.05); the scores of MAS decreased in both groups (t > 2.432, P < 0.05), and were better in the intervention group than in the control group (t = 2.140, P < 0.05); the scores of GMFM D and E areas significantly decreased in both groups (|t| > 8.473, P < 0.001), and were better in the intervention group than in the control group (|t| > 2.191, P < 0.05). ConclusionDeep muscle stimulation could improve the fascicule length and pennation angle, and improve the spasticity and motor function of lower extremities in children with spastic cerebral palsy.