Pelvic fractures, the most severe bone trauma, account for approximately 3% of all fractures. As they are caused by high-energy injuries, their rates of mortality and disability are high. Over the past two centuries, the treatment strategies for these fractures have evolved from conservative therapy to open reduction and plate fixation, then to closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation, and recently to screw fixation assisted by artificial intelligence. In the past 40 years, constant progress has been made in the treatment of pelvic fractures. It is generally acknowledged that a personalized treatment plan should be formulated based on each patient's age, fracture type, comorbidities, functional requirements and other factors when an appropriate treatment mode is chosen. The primary aim of treatment is to accelerate functional recovery, decrease the rate of disability after injury, and improve the quality of daily life of the patient. This paper reviews the treatment history of pelvic fractures, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current treatment options, and looks ahead to future prospects, aiming to offer valuable references for related clinical practice.

STC is a kind of clinically common functional gastrointestinal disease.Its pathogenesis hasn't been completely clarified,and current diagnosis and treatment norms are certainly limited.In recent years,"Brain-Gut Axis"theory has unveiled the complex bidirectional regulation mechanism between brain and intestinal tract,rendering new perspective for the research and treatment of STC.TCM theory demonstrates that there is close connection between brain and gut,has formed abundant experience in discrimination and treatment of STC and formed unique diagnosis and treatment ideas.Based on the theory of"Brain-Gut Axis"and"excess syndrome is corresponding to Zhanyu,deficiency syndrome is corresponding to Zhengsheng"in the chapter on Yangming diseases in"Treatise on Febrile Diseases",this paper elaborates on the relationship between the"Brain-Gut Axis"and STC.Meanwhile,by combining the theory of"excess syndrome is corresponding to Zhanyu,deficiency syndrome is corresponding to Zhengsheng"with the"Brain-Gut Axis"theory,it analyzes the influence of the excess and deficiency of the Yangming meridian on the mental state as well as the regulatory mechanism of the"Brain-Gut Axis",and puts forward corresponding treatment methods according to different syndromes.By integrating the relevant provisions in"Treatise on Febrile Diseases"with the"Brain-Gut Axis"theory of modern medicine,this paper makes a preliminary exploration of the laws of differentiating and treating STC,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for promoting a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of STC and developing more effective treatment strategies.

STC is a kind of clinically common functional gastrointestinal disease.Its pathogenesis hasn't been completely clarified,and current diagnosis and treatment norms are certainly limited.In recent years,"Brain-Gut Axis"theory has unveiled the complex bidirectional regulation mechanism between brain and intestinal tract,rendering new perspective for the research and treatment of STC.TCM theory demonstrates that there is close connection between brain and gut,has formed abundant experience in discrimination and treatment of STC and formed unique diagnosis and treatment ideas.Based on the theory of"Brain-Gut Axis"and"excess syndrome is corresponding to Zhanyu,deficiency syndrome is corresponding to Zhengsheng"in the chapter on Yangming diseases in"Treatise on Febrile Diseases",this paper elaborates on the relationship between the"Brain-Gut Axis"and STC.Meanwhile,by combining the theory of"excess syndrome is corresponding to Zhanyu,deficiency syndrome is corresponding to Zhengsheng"with the"Brain-Gut Axis"theory,it analyzes the influence of the excess and deficiency of the Yangming meridian on the mental state as well as the regulatory mechanism of the"Brain-Gut Axis",and puts forward corresponding treatment methods according to different syndromes.By integrating the relevant provisions in"Treatise on Febrile Diseases"with the"Brain-Gut Axis"theory of modern medicine,this paper makes a preliminary exploration of the laws of differentiating and treating STC,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for promoting a more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of STC and developing more effective treatment strategies.

Pelvic fractures, the most severe bone trauma, account for approximately 3% of all fractures. As they are caused by high-energy injuries, their rates of mortality and disability are high. Over the past two centuries, the treatment strategies for these fractures have evolved from conservative therapy to open reduction and plate fixation, then to closed reduction and percutaneous screw fixation, and recently to screw fixation assisted by artificial intelligence. In the past 40 years, constant progress has been made in the treatment of pelvic fractures. It is generally acknowledged that a personalized treatment plan should be formulated based on each patient's age, fracture type, comorbidities, functional requirements and other factors when an appropriate treatment mode is chosen. The primary aim of treatment is to accelerate functional recovery, decrease the rate of disability after injury, and improve the quality of daily life of the patient. This paper reviews the treatment history of pelvic fractures, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current treatment options, and looks ahead to future prospects, aiming to offer valuable references for related clinical practice.

Breast cancer has been the second most common solid tumor that metastasizes to the central nervous system after lung cancer.Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)has an earlier occurrence and high incidence of brain metastasis with its associated poor prognosis and limited treatment options due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier and lack of targeted drugs.Local treatment,including surgery and radiation therapy,are still the main therapy for brain metastasis.Surgical resection can not only relieve neurologic impairment of brain metastasis patients,but also can clarify the pathological type.Moreover,surgical resection combined with radiotherapy can improve the prognosis of brain metastasis patients compared to surgery or radiotherapy alone.By now,whole-brain radiation therapy(WBRT)is still considered the gold standard for multiple brain metastases,and meningeal metastases,but it will lead to neurocognitive decline,so hippocampal avoidance is essential.For selected patients with oligometastases,stereotactic radiotherapy has replaced WBRT to reduce cognitive toxicity.However,local treatment of TNBC brain metastasis cannot control the progress of brain metastasis and has significant side effects,so systemic therapy is needed.Chemotherapy drugs such as capecitabine and cisplatin can penetrate the blood-brain barrier,but their efficacy is limited.Therefore,the research and development of new targeted drugs and the exploration of new targets are necessary for TNBC brain metastasis.Research has found that patients carrying germline BRCA1/2 mutations have a higher risk of brain metastasis.Currently,the poly adenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase(PARP)inhibitor demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with advanced breast cancer and a germline BRCA1/2 mutation,and it can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.The phase Ⅲ trial EMBRACA reported that the PARP inhibitor talazoparib can prolong the progression-free survival of TNBC patients with brain metastasis.In addition,antibody drug conjugates(ADCs)trastuzumab deruxtecan(T-DXd)can also penetrate the blood-brain barrier.Studies such as DEBBRAH have shown that T-DXd has significant therapeutic effects in HER2 positive brain metastasis patients,while research on HER2 low expression patients has not yet reached the endpoint,and its role in TNBC brain metastasis is worth looking forward to.Sacituzumab govitecan(SG)is also an ADC composed of an antibody targeting the human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2.The phase Ⅲ ASCENT study showed that in the full population(including 61 patients with brain metastasis),SG could significantly prolong the progression-free survival of advanced TNBC patients compared to the patients who received chemotherapy.ANG1005,a novel taxane derivative,can cross the blood-brain barrier as well.A multicenter,open-label phase Ⅱ study revealed that ANG1005 could prolong overall survival of patients with brain metastasis.In addition,phosphoinositide3-kinase,(PI3K)/protein kinase(AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)pathway inhibitors,fatty acid synthase inhibitors,and the drugs with new delivery systems have become potential treatment options for TNBC brain metastasis patients.Although the Impassion 130 reported that no benefit trend for immunotherapy in TNBC brain metastasis,basic research has shown that radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy has a synergistic effect.Currently,multiple clinical trials(NCT03483012,NCT03449238,etc.)are exploring the efficacy of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy in brain metastasis,and the results are promising.This article reviewed the research progress of TNBC brain metastasis treatment.

Objective To develop a highly sensitive and rapid nucleic acid detection method for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Methods We designed,developed,and manufactured an integrated disposable device for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction and detection.The precision of the liquid transfer and temperature control was tested.A comparison between our device and a commercial kit for SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction was performed using real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The entire process,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification,was evaluated. Results The precision of the syringe transfer volume was 19.2±1.9 μL(set value was 20),32.2±1.6(set value was 30),and 57.2±3.5(set value was 60).Temperature control in the amplification tube was measured at 60.0±0.0 ℃(set value was 60)and 95.1±0.2 ℃(set value was 95)respectively.SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction yield through the device was 7.10×106 copies/mL,while a commercial kit yielded 2.98×106 copies/mL.The mean time to complete the entire assay,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification detection,was 36 min and 45 s.The detection limit for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 250 copies/mL. Conclusion The integrated disposable devices may be used for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care test(POCT).

Objective:This study aimed to develop a rapid and accurate integrated nucleic acid detection method tailored for the influenza virus.Methods:We designed primers and probes targeting the predominant influenza virus strains circulating in China in recent years. These were integrated with extraction and amplification reagents and a point of care testing (POCT) system to facilitate a seamless and expedited process involving nucleic acid extraction, reaction system preparation, amplification, and result interpretation for the influenza virus. The specificity of the POCT system was evaluated using cultured influenza viruses, while its cross-reactivity was assessed against common respiratory pathogens, including adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus.Results:Our study successfully developed duplex amplification primers and probes for both influenza A and B viruses, achieving a detection threshold as low as 500 copies/ml. Specificity tests confirmed that the detection reagents did not show cross-reactivity with other respiratory pathogens such as adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. The POCT-based rapid nucleic acid detection method for influenza virus was established, it is capable of completing the entire process from nucleic acid extraction to amplification and result interpretation within 50 minutes, while enabling real-time data upload.Conclusions:The POCT-based rapid influenza virus detection kit developed in this study offers a " sample in, results out" convenience, making it suitable for rapid influenza virus detection in primary care settings. This innovation has significant potential for clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the survival of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on the surface of inanimate objects at different temperatures.Methods:CNKI, WanFang Database, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched for articles published from January 1, 2020 to June 15, 2022 with "2019-nCoV, surface, inanimate, environments, environmental, matrices, factors, conditions, contact, personal protective equipment, transmission, stability, persistence, viability, survival, survivability, infectivity, transmission". The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the data in the literature were extracted, the improved MINORS scale was used to evaluate the literature quality. RevMan5.4 software was used for meta analysis, and Stata17.0 software was used for Begg′s test and Egger′s test to evaluate the publication bias.Results:A total of 20 studies were included. Meta-analysis result showed that the survival ability of 2019-nCoV on the surface of non-porous objects (stainless steel, glass and plastic) was significantly different from that on the surface of porous objects (cloth, wood board, banknote, cotton, cardboard) ( Z=5.94, P<0.001; Z=17.85, P=0.004; Z=38.20, P<0.001). The result of subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the survival ability of the virus between banknotes and glass, plastic surfaces under the same conditions ( Z=0.81, P=0.420; Z=1.79, P=0.070). The half-life of the virus at 4 ℃ was significantly different from that at 25 ℃[ MD=47.49 h, 95% CI: 7.00~87.99, Z=2.30, P=0.020]; The half-life of the virus at 25 ℃ was also significantly different compared with that at 35 ℃[ MD=5.46 h, 95% CI: 0.13~10.78, Z=2.01, P=0.040]. Conclusions:Under the same conditions, the survival time of 2019-nCoV on the surface of nonporous objects was longer than that on the surface of porous objects, and the higher the temperature, the shorter the survival time.

Objective:To investigate the method and efficacy of reconstruction of facial skin defects after removing the lesions by applying the V-Y subcutaneous pedicle flap.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients with facial reconstruction by using V-Y subcutaneous pedicle flap in the Otolaryngology Department of Guangdong Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital from March 2012 to April 2021. Patient ages ranged from 45 to 85 years old, with a mean age of 66.5 years (14 males and 9 females). The facial lesion sites included cheek in 12 cases (nearly lower eyelid in 4 cases), nose in 4 cases, lips in 3 cases, temporal in 2 cases and mental region in 2 cases. The initial pathology included malignant tumors (7 cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), 2 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), and 1 case of malignant melanoma) and benign lesions (7 cases of keratoderma, 3 cases of intradermal nevus, 1 case of pilomatricoma, 1 case of cutaneous mixed tumor and 1 case of epidermal cyst). The V-Y subcutaneous facial pedicled flaps were designed reasonably after the facial lesions were excised. The advantages of blood supply, survival rate and adverse events of the flap were analyzed Chi-square test was used to compare the observation results of different types of patients.Results:The primary focus of 23 patients was excised surgically, and intraoperative frozen-section examinations were performed for obtaining margins negative as far as possible. One positive margin was still found in 1 patient after multiple resection in our group. The defect sizes were 14 mm×12 mm-59 mm×54 mm. All the flaps survived. The adverse events were slight necrosis of the epidermis at the junction or vicinity of the three arms of "Y" shaped in 4 cases, but the wounds finally recovered by wet compress and dressing change. There were no significant differences in the incidences of adverse events between double and single pedicle flaps (4/19 vs. 0/4), between benign and malignant lesions (4/13 vs. 0/10), and between patients with and without underlying diseases (1/6 vs. 3/17) (χ 2 values were 0.98, 3.56, 0.01, respectively, all P>0.05). There were no other major complications such as dehiscence, hematoma, eyelid ectropion and lip deformation. The patients with benign lesions were followed-up at least for 3 months, while those with malignant tumors were followed-up for 6-36 months postoperatively, without recurrence. Conclusions:V-Y subcutaneous facial pedicled skin flap may be a "no-easy-necrotic" local flap in the repair of small and medium-sized facial defects.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze clinical effect of intervention strategies based on Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model for preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after total hip replacement (THR). METHODS: From January 2018 to December 2021, 197 patients with THR were selected as retrospective cohort study subjects, including 114 males and 83 females, aged from 45 to 80 years with an average of (66.81±10.34) years old. Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model introduced in May 2019 was used as boundary and divided into two groups, 94 patients were performed routine intervention strategies(control group) and 103 patients were received intervention strategies based on Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model (observation group). Incidence of DVT, visual analogue scale (VAS), circumference difference of affected limb, serum D-dimer (D-D) level and Harris score of hip function between two groups were analyzed. RESULTS: One-hundred and ninty-seven patients were followed up from 1 to 3 months with an average of (2.57±0.31) months. Incidence of DVT was 1.94% in observation group and 11.70% in control group, and there was statistical difference between two groups (χ²=6.642, P=0.010). VAS scores between two groups decreased gradually (P<0.001). There was significant difference between two groups in VAS score on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th day after operation (P<0.05), but no difference between two groups on the 10th day after operation (P>0.05). Difference in circumference of the affected limb between two groups after operation was gradually reduced (P<0.001), and the difference in circumference of the affected limb between two groups was statistically significant on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th, and 10th day after operation(P<0.05). Levels of serum D-D between two groups were gradually decreased after operation(P<0.05), and differences in serum D-D levels between two groups on the 8th, 24th, 48th, and 72th hour after operation were statistically significant (P<0.05). Pain score and Harris total scores between two groups were significantly increased as tomes goes on(P<0.001), no difference in VAS at 3 months after discharge, and there were statistically significant differences in Harris scores between two groups immediately after discharge, 1 month and 3 months after discharge (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Intervention strategy based on Caprini thrombosis risk assessment model could reduce incidence of DVT in patients with THR, improve postoperative pain and swelling of the affected limb, and promote recovery of hip joint function.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/adverse effects* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control*