ObjectiveThis study systematically analyzed the arginine metabolic dysregulation in the rat model of heart failure （HF）， providing a modern scientific basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of HF and offering new insights for the prevention and treatment of HF with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodsA thoracotomy was performed to ligate the left anterior descending coronary artery of rats， which induced acute myocardial ischemia and thus led to the development of post-myocardial infarction heart failure. The rats were divided into a sham surgery group and a model group， with eight rats in each group. Serum targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry （UPLC-TQ-S）， and the spatial distribution of metabolites in cardiac tissue was observed using airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionizationmass spectrometry imaging （AFADESI-MSI）. Targets associated with HF and arginine metabolism were screened from databases including GeneCards and the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO）， a protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed， and enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway and Gene Ontology （GO） was performed. Finally， molecular docking was conducted to verify the binding between core metabolic components and key targets， and potential TCMs were predicted based on the core pathways and targets. ResultsCompared with the sham surgery group， the levels of arginine and citrulline in the serum of model rats were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while those of proline， ornithine， creatine， creatinine and glutamate were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Cardiac mass spectrometry imaging showed a decreased abundance of arginine in the local myocardial tissue. Bioinformatics analysis identified 24 core functional targets， such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme （ACE）， neuronal nitric oxide synthase （NOS1）， 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A （HTR2A）， and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， and enrichment analysis indicated that these targets were significantly involved in the calcium signaling pathway， neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions， and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding activities between arginine， citrulline and HTR2A， as well as between creatine， creatinine and EGFR. Based on pathway-target prediction， potential TCM interventions， such as ginseng and magnolia， were identified. ConclusionThis study revealed characteristic arginine metabolic disorder in HF， and the core targets of HF were closely associated with the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway. It provides a modern biological interpretation of the pathogenesis of HF in TCM from the perspectives of metabolites and signaling pathways， and offers valuable insights for targeted therapy of HF and the development of TCM.

ObjectiveThis study systematically analyzed the arginine metabolic dysregulation in the rat model of heart failure （HF）， providing a modern scientific basis for elucidating the pathogenesis of HF and offering new insights for the prevention and treatment of HF with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodsA thoracotomy was performed to ligate the left anterior descending coronary artery of rats， which induced acute myocardial ischemia and thus led to the development of post-myocardial infarction heart failure. The rats were divided into a sham surgery group and a model group， with eight rats in each group. Serum targeted metabolomics analysis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry （UPLC-TQ-S）， and the spatial distribution of metabolites in cardiac tissue was observed using airflow-assisted desorption electrospray ionizationmass spectrometry imaging （AFADESI-MSI）. Targets associated with HF and arginine metabolism were screened from databases including GeneCards and the Gene Expression Omnibus （GEO）， a protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed， and enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway and Gene Ontology （GO） was performed. Finally， molecular docking was conducted to verify the binding between core metabolic components and key targets， and potential TCMs were predicted based on the core pathways and targets. ResultsCompared with the sham surgery group， the levels of arginine and citrulline in the serum of model rats were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， while those of proline， ornithine， creatine， creatinine and glutamate were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Cardiac mass spectrometry imaging showed a decreased abundance of arginine in the local myocardial tissue. Bioinformatics analysis identified 24 core functional targets， such as the angiotensin-converting enzyme （ACE）， neuronal nitric oxide synthase （NOS1）， 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A （HTR2A）， and epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR）， and enrichment analysis indicated that these targets were significantly involved in the calcium signaling pathway， neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions， and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding activities between arginine， citrulline and HTR2A， as well as between creatine， creatinine and EGFR. Based on pathway-target prediction， potential TCM interventions， such as ginseng and magnolia， were identified. ConclusionThis study revealed characteristic arginine metabolic disorder in HF， and the core targets of HF were closely associated with the phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway. It provides a modern biological interpretation of the pathogenesis of HF in TCM from the perspectives of metabolites and signaling pathways， and offers valuable insights for targeted therapy of HF and the development of TCM.

Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Cancer has become a significant global public health issue， severely impacting public health and societal development. Despite advances in tumor treatment methods in recent years and a gradual decline in cancer mortality rates， drug-related adverse reactions and drug resistance remain substantial challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in cancer treatment and small side effects， making it widely applied in the field of oncology. Xuefu Zhuyutang， derived from Yilin Gaicuo， is known for its abilities to invigorate blood circulation， dispel blood stasis， promote Qi flow， and alleviate pain. It was specifically formulated by the esteemed WANG Qingren of the Qing dynasty for the "blood stasis syndrome in the blood mansion" and is commonly used to treat Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Clinical studies have shown that Xuefu Zhuyutang， when combined with conventional Western medications， produces significant effects in the treatment of malignant tumors such as liver cancer， lung cancer， and cervical cancer. It substantially reduces the incidence of adverse reactions following Western treatments， including radiation esophagitis， radiation encephalopathy， radiation-induced oral mucositis， and edema. Additionally， it alleviates cancer-related pain and fever， blood hypercoagulability， and associated complications such as depression and anxiety， and also mitigates chemotherapy-induced side effects like hand-foot syndrome. Basic research has demonstrated its potential anti-tumor mechanisms， including the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation， suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） pathway activation， and anti-tumor angiogenesis. Pharmacological studies have revealed that its active components inhibit tumor cell proliferation and migration， induce tumor cell apoptosis， suppress tumor angiogenesis， enhance the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells against tumors， improve the tumor microenvironment， and regulate immune function. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on Xuefu Zhuyutang in the treatment of malignant tumors from four aspects： theoretical exploration， clinical studies， mechanisms of action， and pharmacological basis， aiming to provide insights and methods for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors.

Objective:To construct a VP8-mRNA vaccine using human rotavirus spike protein VP8 domain as the immunogen and analyze its immunogenicity in mice.Methods:The VP8-mRNA sequence was designed, optimized, and synthesized. The VP8 gene of rotavirus G1P[8] type was used to construct the plasmid pUC57-VP8-Kan-SapⅠ, which was then sequenced. The plasmid confirmed by sequencing was subjected to large-scale amplification and extraction, followed by linearization, in vitro transcription, and capping. The purified capped products were encapsulated with lipid nanoparticles using a microfluidic control apparatus. The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was administered intramuscularly to mice at 10, 15, and 20 μg. Serum samples were collected for antibody detection by ELISA. Cellular immune responses were detected by flow cytometry and ELISPOT. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way or two-way analysis of variance and Tukey-Kramer test. Results:The encapsulated VP8-mRNA vaccine was rounded and spherical, with a particle size of about 100 nm, a polymer dispersion index of 0.088, and an encapsulation rate of 92.3%. Two doses of VP8-mRNA vaccine immunization could induce a good immune response in mice. The level of IgG antibody induced after immunization in the 15 μg group was comparable to that of the 20 μg group, and there was no statistical difference ( P>0.05), but the antibody levels in the two groups were significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.000 1). VP8-mRNA vaccine could induce neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus G1 and G9 types. The highest level of neutralizing antibodies against rotavirus type G1 was observed in the 15 μg group, which was significantly higher than that in the 10 μg group ( P<0.05). All immunization groups exhibited good neutralizing ability against rotavirus G9 type. The results of ELISPOT showed that lymphocytes from mice in each vaccine group were able to secrete IFN-γ when stimulated with VP8 peptide. Flow cytometry showed that the proportions of CD8 + T cell subsets in the vaccine groups were higher than that in the control group. Conclusion:The VP8-mRNA vaccine has good immunogenicity in mice and can induce good humoral and T-cell immune responses.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by the host's dysfunctional response to infection.Sepsis involves complex immune and inflammatory responses that lead to organ microcirculation dysfunction，cellular mitochondrial dysfunction，and induced cell death.Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent accumulation of peroxides. It is widely activated in sepsis-induced multiple organ injury. The underlying mechanisms involve lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial damage, glutathione peroxidase 4 inhibition, iron metabolism dysregulation, p53 gene regulation, and dysfunction of the Xc-antiporter system. This review focused on the relationship between ferroptosis,its key mechanisms and sepsis-related organ injury, providing new insights for potential therapeutic strategies.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of different myotomy procedures during peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for achalasia (AC).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted involving patients diagnosed as having achalasia and underwent POEM at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from April 2020 to October 2023. Patients were divided into conventional myotomy group, short myotomy group and full-thickness myotomy group according to myotomy length and depth. Outcomes including operation duration, procedure-related complications, efficacy and incidence of postoperative reflux esophagitis were compared between conventional vs. short, and conventional vs. full-thickness groups.Results:Among 70 patients, 26 underwent conventional myotomy, 19 short myotomy, and 25 full-thickness myotomy. The short myotomy group demonstrated significantly shorter procedure duration (72.89±20.57 min) compared to the conventional group (91.81±36.70 min, t=2.197, P=0.034). There were no statistically significant differences in procedure-related complications [26.3% (5/19) VS 34.6% (9/26), χ2=0.353, P=0.553], treatment efficacy [94.7% (18/19) VS 96.2% (25/26), χ2=0.052, P=0.820], or incidence of postoperative reflux esophagitis [50.0% (5/10) VS 41.7% (5/12), χ2=0.306, P=0.580] between the short and conventional myotomy groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between the conventional and full-thickness myotomy group in procedure duration (99.64±29.13 min VS 91.81±36.70 min, t=0.336, P=0.404), procedure-related complications [28.0% (7/25) VS 34.6% (9/26), χ2=0.259, P=0.611], treatment efficacy [96.0% (24/25) VS 96.2% (25/26), χ2=0.001, P=0.977], or incidence of postoperative reflux esophagitis [35.7% (5/14) VS 41.7% (5/12), χ2=0.022, P=0.883]. Conclusion:Short myotomy POEM achieves comparable efficacy to conventional myotomy with reduced operative time and no increased complication risk. Full-thickness myotomy demonstrates similar efficacy, operative duration, and safety to conventional myotomy.

Objective To develop an innovative minimally invasive rotary-cutting surgical system for axillary osmidrosis,and conduct clinical validation.Methods The design concept,technical principles and system composition of the innovative minimally invasive rotary-cutting surgical system for axillary osmidrosis were introduced.A total of 73 patients(146 axillae)with axillary osmidrosis were enrolled as subjects,and underwent surgery using the newly developed surgical system.Clinical validation of the system was performed by evaluating postoperative scarring,odor elimination rate,postoperative complication incidence,and patient satisfaction.Results The study demonstrated favorable clinical outcomes in the following aspects:postoperative scarring,odor elimination rate,postoperative complication incidence,and patient satisfaction.Conclusion The minimally invasive rotary-cutting surgical system for axillary osmidrosis is rationally designed.The rotary-cutting puncture device is safe,effective,minimally invasive,and convenient for axillary osmidrosis surgery,warranting further clinical validation and widespread application.

Objective:To conduct a scoping review of financial toxicity assessment tools both domestically and internationally,and to summarize their scoring methods,evaluation content,development approaches,reliability/validity,and application status,aiming to provide references for selecting or developing such tools.Methods:Following scoping review methodology,databases including CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,and CINAHL were searched for studies on financial toxicity assessment tools,with the search period spanning from database inception to Oct 8,2024.Results:A total of 34 eligible studies were included,covering 14 financial toxicity assessment tools.These tools primarily focused on economic status,psychosocial responses,or coping behaviors.Tools developed by domestic scholars exhibited strong specificity but lacked generalizability.Conclusions:Existing financial toxicity assessment tools are diverse,yet their reliability and validity in Chinese patient populations require further validation.Most scales lack comprehensive dimensions,and domestically developed tools are overly specific.A universal assessment tool suitable for China's cultural and policy environment needs to be developed.

Lung cancer patients frequently experience multiple co-occurring symptoms that manifest as symptom clusters during treatment,severely compromising patients'quality of life.Sentinel symptoms,coexisting with symptom clusters,serve as predictive indicators for the emergence of these clusters.This study focuses on sentinel symptoms within symptom clusters in lung cancer patients,reviewing the current research status,identification methods,related intervention measures,and exist-ing research shortcomings.It summarizes the problems in current studies,with the goal of providing clinical nursing staff to as-sess and manage symptom clusters,as well as to conduct related nursing research.