OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to construct a risk prediction model for the occurrence of the demora-lization syndrome in patients with oral cancer and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of this syndrome in patients with oral cancer and the development of personalized care programs. METHODS: A total of 486 patients with oral cancer in West China Hospital of Stomatology of Sichuan University and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2024 March to July were selected by convenience sampling. We integrated clinical data and evidence from previous studies to identify the key variables affecting the demoralization syndrome in patients with oral cancer. The 486 patients were divided into a training set and a validation set in an 8∶2 ratio. A clinical risk prediction model was established based on the individual data of 365 patients in the development cohort. Through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, a moderate to severe risk prediction model of demoralization syndrome in oral cancer was constructed, and a clinical machine-learning nomogram was constructed. Bootstrap resampling was used for internal validation. The data of 121 patients in the validation cohort were externally validated. RESULTS: The incidence of the demoralization syndrome in patients with oral cancer was 405 cases (83.3%), of which 279 cases (57.4%) were mild, 176 cases (36.2%) were moderate, and 31 cases (6.4%) were severe. The core model, including patient education level, disease understanding, and MDASI-HN score, was used to predict the risk of outcome. Internal validation of the model yielded C statistic of 0.783 6 (95% CI: 0.78-0.87), beta of 0.843 4, and calibration intercept of -0.040 6. Through external validation, the validation set C statistic was 0.80 (95%CI: 0.71-0.87), beta was 0.80, and calibration intercept was -0.08. CONCLUSIONS Our risk prediction mo-del of the demoralization syndrome in patients with oral cancer performed robustly in validation cohorts of different nur-sing environments. The model has good correction and good discrimination and can be used as an evaluation and prediction item at admission.
Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/complications* ; Male ; Female ; Nomograms ; Middle Aged ; Syndrome ; Aged ; Adult ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment ; Machine Learning

Carbamate pesticides, a new type of broad-spectrum pesticides for controlling pests, mites, and weeds, are developed to address the shortcomings of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides. Their widespread use and slow degradation have led to environmental pollution, causing damage to ecosystems and human health. Managing pesticide residues is a pressing issue in the current environmental protection. This study aims to investigate the expression of SyEst870, a member of the SGNH/GDSL hydrolase family in Sphingobium yanoikuyae, in a prokaryotic system and evaluate the ability of the recombinant protein to degrade carbamate pesticides. The prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a-SyEst870 was constructed and transformed into the Escherichia coli BL21 for heterologous expression. The purified protein was studied in terms of enzyme activity and effects of temperature, pH, and metal ions on the enzyme activity, with p-nitrophenol acetate as the substrate and based on the standard curve of p-nitrophenol. LC-MS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry) was employed to examine the degradation effects of SyEst870 on carbaryl, metolcarb, and isoprocarb. GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) was employed to detect the degradation products of SyEst870 for the three pesticides. The soluble protein SyEst870 was successfully obtained through the heterologous expression in Escherichia coli, which yielded an enzyme with the activity of 677.5 U after affinity chromatography. SyEst870 exhibited degradation rates of 82.34%, 84.43%, and 92.87% for carbaryl, metolcarb, and isoprocarb, respectively, at an initial concentration of 100 mg/L within 24 h at 30 ℃ and pH 7.0. The primary degradation products of carbaryl were identified as α-naphthol and methyl isocyanate. Metolcarb was mainly degraded into m-cresol and methyl isocyanate, and isoprocarb was mainly degraded into 2-isopropylphenol and methyl isocyanate. Compared with the half-life of carbamate pesticides in the natural environment, which ranges from a few days to several weeks, the recombinant protein SyEst870 can rapidly eliminate the residues of carbamate pesticides. This study lays a foundation for addressing pesticide residues in the environment and in fruits and vegetables.
Escherichia coli/metabolism* ; Sphingomonadaceae/genetics* ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism* ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Esterases/metabolism* ; Pesticides/isolation & purification* ; Carbamates/isolation & purification*

Three soil conditioners were prepared from granulated food waste and decomposed cattle manure combined with desulfurization gypsum, coal gangue, and maifanite, respectively. Field trials were conducted in the saline field growing Cabernet Sauvignon. The effects of soil conditioners on rhizospheric bacterial communities were studied, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for soil amelioration and restoration. Five treatments were designed, including the control (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with calcium additives (T3), reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with silica additives (T4), and reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with magnesium additives (T5), each with three replications. The results indicated that soil conditioners improved the rhizospheric nutrients, yield, and quality of grape (P<0.05), increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria by 17.32%-23.37%, decreased relative abundance of unidentified_Bacteria and Acidobacteriota by 4.22%-28.42% and 20.88%-35.81%, respectively. The bacterial community composition and diversity were different between treatments. Function analysis showed that the expression levels of the genes involved in chromosome and protein synthesis, mRNA biosynthesis, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were up-regulated in the treatments with soil conditioners. The correlation analysis revealed that multiple environmental factors affected the alpha diversity of rhizospheric bacterial communities, and some bacterial taxa were closely related to the grape yield and quality. It is concluded that soil conditioners can effectively alter rhizosphere nutrient levels and bacterial community structures and functions. T5 treatment outperforms other treatments in improving the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of rhizosphere, and the yield, and quality of grape. It has potential for application, and provides an important basis for development of new-type soil conditioners.
Soil Microbiology ; Rhizosphere ; Soil/chemistry* ; Vitis/microbiology* ; Fertilizers ; Bacteria/growth & development* ; Cattle ; Manure ; Animals

Objective To explore the predictive value of serum homo sapiens microRNA(hsa-miR)-30c-5p expression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)for microvascular complications.Methods A total of 205 T2DM patients admitted to Bazhong Central Hospital from May 2021 to September 2022 were selected as the diabetes group,and the diabetes group was further divided into diabetes with combined group(n=124)and non combined group(n=81)according to the microvascular complications of the patients.In addition,205 healthy people who underwent physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The expression of hsa-miR-30c-5p in serum was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and compared.The factors affecting microvascular complications were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to predict the value of serum hsa-miR-30c-5p expression in predicting microvascular complications in T2DM patients.Results The expression of serum hsa-miR-30c-5p in the combined group(0.58±0.06)and the non-combined group(0.72±0.08)were lower than that in the control group(0.89±0.21),and the differences were significant(t=16.038,7.079,all P=0.001).The combined group was lower than the non-combined group,and the difference was significant(t=14.289,P=0.001).The course of diabetes[(OR(95％CI):3.873(2.976～4.770)],uric acid[(OR(95％CI):2.125(1.211～3.040)]and glycosylated hemoglobin[(OR(95％CI):2.680(1.745～3.616)]were independent risk factors for microvascular complications in T2DM patients(all P＜0.05),while the time within the target range of glucose[(OR(95％CI):0.491(0.135～0.846)]and serum hsa-miR-30c-5p[(OR(95％CI):0.532(2.976～4.770)]were protective factors for microvascular complications in T2DM patients(all P＜0.05).The sensitivity,specificity and area under the curve(95％CI)of serum hsa-mir-30c-5p expression in predicting microvascular complications in T2DM patients were 81.45％,85.19％and 0.802(0.741～0.854),respectively.Conclusion The expression of serum hsa-miR-30c-5p in patients with T2DM is abnormally reduced,and serum hsa-miR-30c-5p is a protective factor for microvascular complications in patients with T2DM.It may have a certain predictive value for microvascular complications in patients with T2DM.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11)and Janus kinase 2(JAK2)levels and the severity and prognosis of acute non-variceal upper gas-trointestinal bleeding(ANVUGIB).Methods A total of 108 patients with ANVUGIB who were treated in the hospital from April 2019 to April 2023 were selected and divided into severe group(31 cases),moderate group(44 cases)and mild group(33 cases)according to the severity of ANVUGIB.The patients were divided into poor prognosis group(41 cases)and good prognosis group(67 cases)according to their prognosis.An-other 50 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Serum SLC7A11 and JAK2 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum SLC7A11 and JAK2 levels and Framingham risk score(FRS)and Glasweg-Blatchford bleeding score(GBS).Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor prognosis in patients with ANVUGIB.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum SLC7A11 and JAK2 for poor prognosis in patients with ANVUGIB.Results The serum SLC7A11 level was significantly lower and the serum JAK2 level was significantly higher in the three groups of ANVUGIB patients than in the control group(all P＜0.05).As the severity of the disease increased,the serum SLC7A11 level gradually de-creased,and the serum JAK2 level,FRS and GBS scores gradually increased(all P＜0.05).In ANVUGIB pa-tients,serum SLC7A11 level was negatively correlated with FRS and GBS scores,and serum JAK2 level was positively correlated with FRS and GBS scores(all P＜0.05).Compared with the good prognosis group,the poor prognosis group had significantly higher proportion of patients with bleeding volume＞400 mL,red blood cell distribution width,FRS score,GBS score,and JAK2 level,and significantly lower levels of hemoglo-bin and SLC7A11(P＜0.05).Bleeding volume＞400 mL and elevated JAK2 level were risk factors for poor prognosis in ANVUGIB patients,while elevated SLC7A11 level was a protective factor(all P＜0.05).The ar-ea under the curve of combined SLC7A11 and JAK2 in predicting poor prognosis of ANVUGIB patients was better than that of each index alone(Zcombination-SLC7A11=3.086,Zcombination JAK2=2.330,P=0.020,0.030).Conclu-sion The decrease of SLC7A11 level and increase of JAK2 level in patients with ANVUGIB can effectively e-valuate the severity and prognosis of patients,and the combination of the two can predict the prognosis of pa-tients with ANVUGIB.

Objective:To investigate the effects of Jianpi Yishen Xiezhuo Decoction on residual renal function and immune function in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis.Methods:Randomized controlled trial study was performed. A total of 102 end-stage renal patients with peritoneal dialysis in the Shehong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the observation objects, and were divided into 2 groups by random number table method, with 51 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional Western medicine therapy on the basis of peritoneal dialysis, and the observation group was given Jianpi Yishen Xiezhuo Decoction on the basis of peritoneal dialysis. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. TCM syndrome score was performed before and after treatment, and serum SCr and BUN levels were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. The levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + were detected by flow cytometry; the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + was calculated; the levels of IL-2, CXC chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were detected by ELISA. 24 h urine was collected and 24 h urine protein quantification (24 hUP) was performed by automatic urine routine analyzer. The adverse reactions during treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate was 92.16% (47/51) in the observation group and 76.47% (39/51) in the control group, with statistical significance ( χ2=4.74, P=0.029). After treatment, fatigue (1.78±0.47 vs. 2.17±0.51, t=4.02), waist and knee weakness (1.90±0.52 vs. 2.29±0.59, t=3.54), lethargy and less food (2.03±0.55 vs. 2.65±0.70, t=4.97), thick-coated tongue (2.26±0.68 vs. 2.98±0.75, t=5.08) and total scores (7.97±2.22 vs. 10.09±2.55, t=4.48) were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); serum SCr [(296.12±30.27) mmol/L vs. (326.81±32.43) mmol/L, t=4.94], BUN [(12.19±3.02) mmol/L vs. (16.88±3.64) mmol/L, t=7.08], 24 hUP [(1.22±0.35) g vs. (1.75±0.42) g, t=6.92] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); the level of CD3 + [(54.76±5.21) % vs. (50.03±4.90) %, t=4.72], CD4 + [(56.33±5.09) % vs. (52.18±5.33) %, t=4.02] and CD4 +/CD8 + [(1.98±0.39) vs. (1.67±0.34), t=4.28] was higher than those in the control group ( P<0.01), and the level of CD8 + [(28.43±2.58) % vs. (31.29±2.47) %, t=5.72] was lower than that of control group ( P<0.01). Serum IL-2 [(46.49±6.07) μg/L vs. (53.43±7.08) μg/L, t=5.31], CXCL9 [(16.32±3.45) μg/L vs. (19.98±3.53) μg/L, t=5.30] and hs-CRP [(11.22±3.85) mg/L vs. (15.75±3.92) mg/L, t=5.89] were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During treatment, the incidence of adverse reactions was 11.76% (6/51) in the observation group and 7.84% (4/51) in the control group, without statistical significance ( χ2=0.44, P=0.505). Conclusion:Jianpi Yishen Xiezhuo Decoction can effectively improve the TCM syndrome and residual kidney function of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing peritoneal dialysis, enhance their immunity, inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors, and improve clinical efficacy with good safety.

The plant Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. is an ingredient used in She medicine that belongs to the Melastomacea family. Its main chemical components include fatty acids, organic acids, polysaccharides, volatile oils, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, steroids and other chemical components. Various pharmacological properties of this herbal medicine have been proved, such as anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic, blood lipid, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, hemostasis and coagulation, and antibacterial effects. Clinical studies have shown that it can be used for diseases such as gastrointestinal bleeding, metrorrhagia and diabetes. This article mainly reviews the research progress of the chemical components, pharmacological effects and clinical application of Melastoma dodecandrum, and provides theoretical guidance and practical value for the development, application and clinical research of Melastoma dodecandrum.

Objective To analyze the trajectory categories of fatigue development in middle-aged and elderly stroke patients and explore its influencing factors. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 230 middle-aged and elderly stroke patients in the Luzhou People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 as the research subjects. A self-compiled general information-questionnaire, the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to investigate the sociodemographic and clinical data, fatigue, sleep quality, and depression status of patients at 2 days after admission and 3 and 6 months after discharge. The latent growth curve model was used to fit the categories and trajectories of fatigue development, and the unordered multinomial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of trajectory categories of fatigue development. Results The fatigue development trajectory of middle-aged and elderly stroke patients showed three potential categories, namely the low-level fatigue stability group (33.04%), the medium-level fatigue rapid aggravation group (42.17%), and the high-level fatigue slow aggravation group (24.79%). The results of unordered multinomial Logistic regression analysis showed that age, marital status, education level, disease severity, the Activity of Daily Living (ADL) score, PSQI score, and BDI score were the influencing factors of fatigue development trajectory in middle-aged and elderly stroke patients (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The fatigue development trajectory of middle-aged and elderly stroke patients is heterogeneous. Nurses should understand the evolution characteristics of fatigue in different patients and implement targeted management measures according to patients'symptoms to improve their health outcomes.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in AIDS patients complicated with Pneumocystis jirovecii ( P. jirovecii) infection. Methods:This is a retrospective study. From January 2019 to June 2021, the respiratory tract and other body fluid samples of 236 cases of AIDS co-infected patients diagnosed in the AIDS Department of Changsha First Hospital were collected, along with corresponding medical histories. Traditional etiological hexamine silver staining and serum 1,3-β-D glucan (BDG) were performed simultaneously with mNGS detection, and Fisher′s exact test was used to analyze the results and compare the diagnostic performances of mNGS with those of hexamine silver staining and serum G test.Results:A total of 236 cases of AIDS patients with pulmonary infection were collected and tested. Seventy-seven cases were clinically diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and 159 cases with non- Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. Among the 236 AIDS patients with pulmonary infection, mNGS detected 77 [32.63%(77/236)] positive cases of Pneumocystis jiroveci, while hexamine silver staining detected 10[4.24%(10/236)] and serum BDG detected 146 [61.86% (146/236). Based on these clinical diagnostic results, the sensitivity of mNGS detection was 100% (77/77) for the 77 patients with Pneumocystis pneumoniae, significantly higher than that of silver hexamine staining [12.99% (10/77), P=0.046] and serum BDG [58.44% (45/77), P=0.038]. The mNGS showed good specificity, which was the same as that of hexamine silver staining [100% (159/159)] and significantly higher than that of serum BDG [36.48% (58/159), P=0.026]. With therapeutic clinical diagnosis as the reference method, the accuracy of mNGS detection was 100% (236/236). Conclusions:This study evaluated the diagnostic value of mNGS detection in AIDS patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii infection. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of mNGS detection were high, and it had exceptional clinical application value in the pathogenic detection of infectious diseases.

Background::Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s dementia. Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathology of PD. Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain-containing 2 (CHCHD2) was identified as associated with autosomal dominant PD. However, the mechanism of CHCHD2 in PD remains unclear.Methods::Short hairpin RNA (ShRNA)-mediated CHCHD2 knockdown or lentivirus-mediated CHCHD2 overexpression was performed to investigate the impact of CHCHD2 on mitochondrial morphology and function in neuronal tumor cell lines represented with human neuroblastoma (SHSY5Y) and HeLa cells. Blue-native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE analysis were used to illustrate the role of CHCHD2 in mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS). Co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were used to address the interaction between CHCHD2 and Mic10. Serotype injection of adeno-associated vector-mediated CHCHD2 and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) administration were used to examine the influence of CHCHD2 in vivo.Results::We found that the overexpression of CHCHD2 can protect against methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibit the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the MPTP-induced mouse model. Furthermore, we identified that CHCHD2 interacted with Mic10, and overexpression of CHCHD2 can protect against MPP +-induced MICOS impairment, while knockdown of CHCHD2 impaired the stability of MICOS. Conclusion::This study indicated that CHCHD2 could interact with Mic10 and maintain the stability of the MICOS complex, which contributes to protecting mitochondrial function in PD.