Objective Fragrant sachets are items with significant Chinese cultural characteristics and have multiple application values, with their medicinal value being an important aspect. Especially in recent years, with the successive outbreaks of SARS, MERS, COVID-19, the medicinal effect of traditional Chinese medicine sachets has been increasingly valued and widely used.However, there are no relevant standards for traditional Chinese medicine sachets at the national, industry, local, or organizational levels, which is not conducive to the healthy development of the industry. To establish standards for traditional Chinese medicine sachets to lead the development of the industry. Methods Based on the review of the current application status of traditional Chinese medicine sachets, a study on the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine sachets was conducted through investigation and research, data collection, drafting of standard drafts, soliciting opinions, review and approval, and standard verification. Results The first group standard of traditional Chinese medicine sachet in China: Technological specification of traditional Chinese medicine sachet (powder core), which ensures the scientificity, progressiveness, rationality and practicability of the production of the standard of traditional Chinese medicine sachet. Conclusion The established group standard for traditional Chinese medicine sachets are practical, safe, reliable, and easy to implement, providing technical references for the inheritance and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine sachets.

Objective To screen the pharmacodynamic material basic components of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and study its antioxidant activity in vitro by investigating the spectrum-effect relationship between the HPLC fingerprints of 11 batches of Artemisiae Annuae Herba(dried aerial part of Artemisia annua L.).Methods The determination was performed on Aglient C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with mobile phase consisted of 0.2%phosphoric acid solution-Methanol(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.The column temperature was indoor temperature,and detection wavelength was 220 nm,with sample size of 10 μl.Using isochlorogenic acid A as reference,HPLC fingerprints of 11 batches of samples were determined.The common peaks of 11 batches of samples were identified and recorded through TCM chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system(2012 edition).Using scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radical as pharmacodynamic indicators of antioxidant effects,SIMCA 14.1 analysis software was used for PLSR to establish the spectra-effect relationship.Results There were 48 common peaks on 11 batches of sample,11 components were identified as scopoletin,scoparone,isochlorogenic acid B,A,C,luteolin,apigenin,chrysosplenetin,artemisinin,artemisetin and artemisinic acid.The scavenging activity of 11 batches of samples to DPPH and ABTS free radicals was detected.The spectrum-effect relationship showed that isochlorogenic acid A,B,C and scoparone were positively associated with its antioxidant capacity,and variable projection value was greater than 1.It was suggested that these components were the material basis of antioxidant effect in Artemisiae Annuae Herba.Conclusion This study investigates the antioxidant capacity of different substances in Artemisiae Annuae Herba in vitro,and proves that isochlorogenic acid A,B,C and scoparone play a major role for the antioxidant capacity.

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of electret and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on the growth of scar fibroblasts.Methods The effect of+5000 V electret combined with different concentrations of 5-FU on the proliferation of scar fibroblasts was detected by automatic enzyme labeling instrument.The apoptosis of scar fibroblasts and the mRNA expression of p53 and other apoptotic genes were studied by fluorescence microscopy and RT-PCR technology under the action of electrostatic field.Results ① After the treatment of positive electret and different concentrations of 5-FU for 72 h,the cell proliferation rate decreased,and the inhibition rate of scar cells in the+5000 V electret+160 μg/ml 5-FU group was(0.15±0.051)%.②+5000 V electret group could promote the apoptosis of scar fibroblasts;The number of apoptotic cells in+5000 V electret and 5-FU group was higher than that in 5-FU group.③The mRNA expression levels of four apoptotic genes in the+5000 V electret group were increased,and the expression levels of four signature genes in the+5000 V electret and 5-FU group were increased compared with those in the 5-FU group.Conclusion The combination of positive electret and 5-FU had a synergistic effect on inhibiting cell growth.The mechanism of positive electret inhibiting scar cell growth may be through promoting the expression of apoptosis gene,and then affecting the growth state of cells to inhibit cell growth.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the immunoprotective effect of anti-rabies virus cocktail monoclonal antibody Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab after rabies exposure.Methods:The dynamic data of rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) were analyzed in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab Chinese phase Ⅲ study (clinical trial registration number: CTR20201819).Results:The full analysis set showed that RVNA geometric mean titers (GMT) on the 4 th, 8 th, 15 th, 43 rd, and 99 th day in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab group were 4.413 IU/ml, 5.178 IU/ml, 17.062 IU/ml, 14.672 IU/ml, and 2.836 IU/ml, respectively, while those in the human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) group were 0.299 IU/ml, 0.451 IU/ml, 11.374 IU/ml, 18.063 IU/ml, and 6.769 IU/ml, respectively. The positive rates of RVNA on the 4 th, 8 th, 15 th, 43 rd, and 99 th day in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab group were 99.9%, 99.6%, 100%, 100%, and 97.4%, respectively, while those in the HRIG group were 23.3%, 34.1%, 97.6%, 99.6%, and 98.4%, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with HRIG, Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab cocktail monoclonal antibody reached the required protection level of RVNA very soon, thus effectively provided an immediate neutralizing effect of passive immunization therapies against rabies virus.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of using Excel sheets combined with QR codes for precision naviga-tion and location management of sterile instrument rooms in the operating room.Methods The study focused on the location management of nearly 1,000 sterile instruments in three sterile instrument rooms of our hospital.Instruments from July to Septem-ber 2023 were used as the control group,employing traditional location management methods.Instruments from October to De-cember 2023 were used as the observation group,applying Excel sheets and QR codes for precise navigation and location manage-ment.Results The time taken by new nurses and interns to find and retrieve sterile instruments decreased from(4.61±0.32 min)to(1.41±0.15 min).The accuracy of retrieving sterile instruments increased from 83.33％to 98.33％.The compliance rate for location management of sterile instruments improved from 75％to 100％.Nurse satisfaction increased from 81.67％to 96.67％,with significant differences observed(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of Excel sheets combined with QR codes for precision navigation and location management of sterile instrument rooms in the operating room effectively reduces re-trieval time for sterile instruments,decreases error rates,optimizes management processes,enhances work efficiency,avoids sur-gical delays,ensures patient safety,minimizes conflicts between medical staff and patients,and increases nurse satisfaction.This approach is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor with highly aggressive and distal metastasis and poor prognosis. Abnormal metabolism of iron, an essential nutrient with electron-exchange capacity and an important participant in cellular activities, is closely associated with the progression of osteosarcoma. Ferroptosis has been shown to regulate osteosarcoma progression and play an important role in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Exploring the application of relevant molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in osteosarcoma and the current status of pharmacological intervention may provide new strategies for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of larynx preservation in locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:Patients with locally advanced HPSCC（cT3-T4aN0-N3M0） were eligible. All received 2 cycles of pembrolizumab combined with docetaxel and platinum neoadjuvant induction therapy. After two cycles, the efficacy was evaluated, followed by radical chemoradiotherapy or surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy according to the efficacy. The primary endpoints were objective response rate（ORR） ，larynx-preservation（LP） rate at 3 months post-treatment and the adverse reactions during neoadjuvant therapy. Results:From December 2021 to December 2022, 10 patients with locally advanced HPSCC（cT3-T4aN0-N3M0） were enrolled. After 2 cycles of the neoadjuvant therapy, 2 patients achieved complete response（CR）, 7 patients achieved partial response（PR）, 1 patient was stable disease（SD）, objective response rate（ORR） was 90%, and disease control rate（DCR） was 100%. 5 patients received radical chemoradiotherapy, 5 patients received surgery and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, four of them received partial laryngectomy and partial hypopharyngeal resection surgery, and one of them received total laryngectomy and partial hypopharyngeal resection surgery. All patients were able to withstand adverse reactions of neoadjuvant therapy and successfully completed the whole treatment of HPSCC without grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse reactions. There was no recurrence or metastasis during 3-18 months of follow-up. 1 patient died of severe pneumonia 3 months after the completion of radical chemoradiotherapy. At 3 months after treatment, the larynx-preservation rate was 80%. Conclusion:Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has good short-term efficacy and the adverse reactions were tolerable. It can improve the larynx-preservation rate of patients with locally advanced HPSCC, thus improving the prognosis and quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/etiology* ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Quality of Life ; Cisplatin ; Treatment Outcome ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Larynx ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Immunotherapy

Objective:To investigate the prognostic impact of different tumor invasion patterns in the surgical treatment of T3 glottic laryngeal cancer. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 91 patients with T3 glottic laryngeal cancer. Results:Among the 91 patients, 58 cases （63.7%） had anterior invasion and 33 cases （36.3%） had posterior invasion. The posterior invasion was significantly correlated with invasions of the dorsal plate of cricoid cartilage （P<0.001）, arytenoid cartilage （P= 0.001）, and subglottic region（P = 0.001）. There was no statistical difference in survival outcomes between the total laryngectomy group and the partial laryngectomy group. But in the partial laryngectomy group, the 5-year disease-free survival（DFS） of patients with anterior invasive tumors was better than that of patients with posterior invasion tumors （HR: 4.681, 95%CI 1.337-16.393, P=0.016）, and subglottic invasion was associated with worse loco-regional recurrence-free survival（LRRFS）（HR: 3.931, 95%CI 1.054-14.658, P=0.041）. At the same time, we found that involvement of the dorsal plate of cricoid cartilage was an independent risk factor for postoperative laryngeal stenosis in partial laryngectomy patients （HR:11.67, 95%CI 1.89-71.98,P=0.008）. Conclusion:Compared with total laryngectomy, selected partial laryngectomy can also achieve favorable oncological outcomes. Posterior invasion and subglottic extension are independent prognostic factors for recurrence of partial laryngectomy in T3 glottic laryngeal cancer, and the involvement of the dorsal plate of cricoid cartilage is associated with postoperative laryngeal stenosis. The tumor invasion pattern of laryngeal cancer should be further subdivided in order to select a more individualized treatment plan.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Laryngostenosis/surgery* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Postoperative Complications/surgery* ; Laryngectomy

Objective:To investigate the diversity and clinical effect of supraclavicular island flap in repairing the defect after head and neck tumor surgery. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 30 patients who received the repair of head and neck defects with supraclavicular island flaps at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2017 to March 2023. The sites and types of defects, intraoperative blood loss, time of flaps preparation, areas of flaps, survival of the flaps and other complications were recorded. Results:A total of 30 patients were enrolled, including 26 males and 4 females, aged 36-82 years. Among them, 22 patients with hypopharyngeal partial defect were repaired （19 patients with ipsilateral defect and 3 patients with contralateral defect）. In addition, 2 patients were repaired with contralateral pectoralis major musculocutaneous flap around the hypopharynx, the neck skin defect was repaired in 2 patients, the parotid skin defect was repaired in 2 patients, the temporal bone skin defect was repaired in 1 patient, and the cervical esophageal defect was repaired in 1 patient. The average blood loss during the operation was 8 ml, and the average time was 32 min. The flap areas ranged from 5.0 cm×4.0 cm to 20.0 cm×8.0 cm. 27 of 30 flaps survived（90.0%）, and pharyngeal fistula occurred in 6 patients after operation（4 flaps survived after local dressing）. One patient was complicated with venous thrombosis（the flap necrosis after local dressing）. Shoulder and neck functions（lift, internal rotation and abduction） were not significantly affected in 29 patients, and the function of 1 patient with shoulder infection was not affected after treatment. Conclusion:Supraclavicular island flap is a highly vascularized axial fascial flap. It is easy to make, thin, and soft in texture, and can be used to repair different sites and types of postoperative head and neck tumor defects with a low donor site complication rate. Good results in post-operative repair of head and neck tumors are worth promoting.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Plastic Surgery Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin Transplantation ; Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Surgical Flaps ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery*

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with Vp4 portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).Methods:Data of 15 patients undergoing TIPS for HCC with Vp4 PVTT and portal hypertension (PTN) in Peking University First Hospital from July 2018 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 14 males and 1 female, aged (61.5±11.1) years old, ranging from 40 to 78 years old. The success rate of TIPS, portal pressure gradient (PPG) before and after procedure, perioperative adverse effects and complications were recorded. The survival status of patients was followed up by telephone review after surgery. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.Results:The procedure of TIPS was performed uneventfully in all patients, with a technical success rate of 100% (15/15). PPG before and after TIPS were (31.73±5.48) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (17.60±3.66) mmHg, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). No perioperative death, hepatic artery or bile duct injury, acute liver failure or other major complications occurred. Compared with the preoperative status, the performance status scores [0(0, 0) vs. 3(3, 3)] and Child-Pugh scores [6(5, 8) vs. 9(8, 10)] were lower in patients one month after TIPS (all P<0.05). The median survival time was 228 d. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the cumulative survival rates at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after TIPS were 100%, 64.3%, 32.7% and 8.2%, respectively. Conclusion:TIPS could be safe and effective for HCC with Vp4 PVTT and severe PTN.