Objective Fragrant sachets are items with significant Chinese cultural characteristics and have multiple application values, with their medicinal value being an important aspect. Especially in recent years, with the successive outbreaks of SARS, MERS, COVID-19, the medicinal effect of traditional Chinese medicine sachets has been increasingly valued and widely used.However, there are no relevant standards for traditional Chinese medicine sachets at the national, industry, local, or organizational levels, which is not conducive to the healthy development of the industry. To establish standards for traditional Chinese medicine sachets to lead the development of the industry. Methods Based on the review of the current application status of traditional Chinese medicine sachets, a study on the quality standards of traditional Chinese medicine sachets was conducted through investigation and research, data collection, drafting of standard drafts, soliciting opinions, review and approval, and standard verification. Results The first group standard of traditional Chinese medicine sachet in China: Technological specification of traditional Chinese medicine sachet (powder core), which ensures the scientificity, progressiveness, rationality and practicability of the production of the standard of traditional Chinese medicine sachet. Conclusion The established group standard for traditional Chinese medicine sachets are practical, safe, reliable, and easy to implement, providing technical references for the inheritance and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine sachets.

Objective To explore the protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Portulaca oleracea L.(POHA)on ulcerative colitis(UC)and bone loss in mice.Methods The C57BL/6 mice were treated with dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)to establish UC model.A total of 50 mice were randomly assigned to including control group,DSS group,mesalazine(MS)group,low dose of POHA(POHAL)group,or high dose of POHA(POHAH)group.The control group freely drank drinking water,while the DSS,MS,POHAL and POHAH groups drank drinking water containing DSS for 8 weeks.Since the 2nd week,the control group and DSS group were given normal saline by gavage.The MS group was given MS(100 mg/kg)by gavage.The POHAL group and POHAH group were given POHA(1 000 mg/kg and 2 000 mg/kg)by gavage,respectively.Body weight and disease activity index(DAI)were recorded and calculated every 2 d.On the 56th day,the colon weight index,liver index,and spleen index were calculated,and the histological changes of colon were observed.Serum levels of bone metabolism markers and microstructure parameters of femur were detected.Results Compared with the control group,the DSS group showed significantly increased DAI score,colon weight index,liver index,and spleen index(all P＜0.01).The DSS group exhibited significant pathological damage in colon tissues and significantly increased serum levels of osteocalcin,C-terminal peptide of collagen type Ⅰ,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b(P＜0.01).The bone loss was significant in the DSS group,manifested by markedly decreased bone mineral density(BMD),bone tissue volume to tissue volume ratio(BV/TV),trabecular bone number(Tb.N),and trabecular bone thickness(Tb.Th),and markedly increased bone surface to bone volume ratio(BS/BV)and trabecular bone separation(Tb.Sp)(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Compared with the DSS group,the BMD,BV/TV,Tb.N and Tb.Th of the femur in the MS group and POHAH group of mice were all increased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),the BS/BV all decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the Tb.Sp all decreased without significant differences(all P＞0.05).The above bone microstructure parameters in the POHAL group showed no significant differences compared with those in the DSS group(all P＞0.05).Conclusion POHA has protective effect on DSS-induced UC and bone loss,and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of hyperactive bone metabolism.

Three-dimensional printed patient-specific instrumentation (3D-PSI) provides a precise and individualized treatment solution for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Currently, this technology is being applied in clinical practice and has demonstrated certain potential. Compared to conventional instrumentation (CI), 3D-PSI offers a broader range of indications, higher-quality preoperative planning, shorter surgical time, a smoother learning curve, more precise osteotomy and prosthesis placement, and better postoperative functional recovery. However, it still has limitations in the rotational alignment of the tibial component. Additionally, the higher cost for patients and increased hospital equipment investment make it less beneficial for surgeons already proficient in CI techniques. Further reliable evidence is needed to compare 3D-PSI with computer navigation and robotic technologies. This review summarizes the advantages and limitations of 3D-PSI assisted UKA and compares 3D-PSI with different auxiliary technologies.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the immunoprotective effect of anti-rabies virus cocktail monoclonal antibody Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab after rabies exposure.Methods:The dynamic data of rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) were analyzed in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab Chinese phase Ⅲ study (clinical trial registration number: CTR20201819).Results:The full analysis set showed that RVNA geometric mean titers (GMT) on the 4 th, 8 th, 15 th, 43 rd, and 99 th day in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab group were 4.413 IU/ml, 5.178 IU/ml, 17.062 IU/ml, 14.672 IU/ml, and 2.836 IU/ml, respectively, while those in the human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) group were 0.299 IU/ml, 0.451 IU/ml, 11.374 IU/ml, 18.063 IU/ml, and 6.769 IU/ml, respectively. The positive rates of RVNA on the 4 th, 8 th, 15 th, 43 rd, and 99 th day in the Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab group were 99.9%, 99.6%, 100%, 100%, and 97.4%, respectively, while those in the HRIG group were 23.3%, 34.1%, 97.6%, 99.6%, and 98.4%, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with HRIG, Zamerovimab/Mazorelvimab cocktail monoclonal antibody reached the required protection level of RVNA very soon, thus effectively provided an immediate neutralizing effect of passive immunization therapies against rabies virus.

Objective To screen the pharmacodynamic material basic components of Artemisiae Annuae Herba and study its antioxidant activity in vitro by investigating the spectrum-effect relationship between the HPLC fingerprints of 11 batches of Artemisiae Annuae Herba(dried aerial part of Artemisia annua L.).Methods The determination was performed on Aglient C18 column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with mobile phase consisted of 0.2%phosphoric acid solution-Methanol(gradient elution)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min.The column temperature was indoor temperature,and detection wavelength was 220 nm,with sample size of 10 μl.Using isochlorogenic acid A as reference,HPLC fingerprints of 11 batches of samples were determined.The common peaks of 11 batches of samples were identified and recorded through TCM chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system(2012 edition).Using scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS free radical as pharmacodynamic indicators of antioxidant effects,SIMCA 14.1 analysis software was used for PLSR to establish the spectra-effect relationship.Results There were 48 common peaks on 11 batches of sample,11 components were identified as scopoletin,scoparone,isochlorogenic acid B,A,C,luteolin,apigenin,chrysosplenetin,artemisinin,artemisetin and artemisinic acid.The scavenging activity of 11 batches of samples to DPPH and ABTS free radicals was detected.The spectrum-effect relationship showed that isochlorogenic acid A,B,C and scoparone were positively associated with its antioxidant capacity,and variable projection value was greater than 1.It was suggested that these components were the material basis of antioxidant effect in Artemisiae Annuae Herba.Conclusion This study investigates the antioxidant capacity of different substances in Artemisiae Annuae Herba in vitro,and proves that isochlorogenic acid A,B,C and scoparone play a major role for the antioxidant capacity.

Objective To investigate the effects and possible mechanism of electret and 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)on the growth of scar fibroblasts.Methods The effect of+5000 V electret combined with different concentrations of 5-FU on the proliferation of scar fibroblasts was detected by automatic enzyme labeling instrument.The apoptosis of scar fibroblasts and the mRNA expression of p53 and other apoptotic genes were studied by fluorescence microscopy and RT-PCR technology under the action of electrostatic field.Results ① After the treatment of positive electret and different concentrations of 5-FU for 72 h,the cell proliferation rate decreased,and the inhibition rate of scar cells in the+5000 V electret+160 μg/ml 5-FU group was(0.15±0.051)%.②+5000 V electret group could promote the apoptosis of scar fibroblasts;The number of apoptotic cells in+5000 V electret and 5-FU group was higher than that in 5-FU group.③The mRNA expression levels of four apoptotic genes in the+5000 V electret group were increased,and the expression levels of four signature genes in the+5000 V electret and 5-FU group were increased compared with those in the 5-FU group.Conclusion The combination of positive electret and 5-FU had a synergistic effect on inhibiting cell growth.The mechanism of positive electret inhibiting scar cell growth may be through promoting the expression of apoptosis gene,and then affecting the growth state of cells to inhibit cell growth.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of using Excel sheets combined with QR codes for precision naviga-tion and location management of sterile instrument rooms in the operating room.Methods The study focused on the location management of nearly 1,000 sterile instruments in three sterile instrument rooms of our hospital.Instruments from July to Septem-ber 2023 were used as the control group,employing traditional location management methods.Instruments from October to De-cember 2023 were used as the observation group,applying Excel sheets and QR codes for precise navigation and location manage-ment.Results The time taken by new nurses and interns to find and retrieve sterile instruments decreased from(4.61±0.32 min)to(1.41±0.15 min).The accuracy of retrieving sterile instruments increased from 83.33％to 98.33％.The compliance rate for location management of sterile instruments improved from 75％to 100％.Nurse satisfaction increased from 81.67％to 96.67％,with significant differences observed(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of Excel sheets combined with QR codes for precision navigation and location management of sterile instrument rooms in the operating room effectively reduces re-trieval time for sterile instruments,decreases error rates,optimizes management processes,enhances work efficiency,avoids sur-gical delays,ensures patient safety,minimizes conflicts between medical staff and patients,and increases nurse satisfaction.This approach is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone tumor with highly aggressive and distal metastasis and poor prognosis. Abnormal metabolism of iron, an essential nutrient with electron-exchange capacity and an important participant in cellular activities, is closely associated with the progression of osteosarcoma. Ferroptosis has been shown to regulate osteosarcoma progression and play an important role in the treatment of osteosarcoma. Exploring the application of relevant molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis in osteosarcoma and the current status of pharmacological intervention may provide new strategies for the treatment of osteosarcoma.

The pollution caused by improper handling of plastics has become a global challenge. In addition to recycling plastics and using biodegradable plastics, an alternative solution is to seek efficient methods for degrading plastics. Among them, the methods of using biodegradable enzymes or microorganisms to treat plastics have attracted increasing attention because of its advantages of mild conditions and no secondary environmental pollution. Developing highly efficient depolymerizing microorganisms/enzymes is the core for plastics biodegradation. However, the current analysis and detection methods cannot meet the requirements for screening efficient plastics biodegraders. It is thus of great significance to develop rapid and accurate analysis methods for screening biodegraders and evaluating biodegradation efficiency. This review summarizes the recent application of various commonly used analytical techniques in plastics biodegradation, including high performance liquid chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and determination of zone of clearance, with fluorescence analysis techniques highlighted. This review may facilitate standardizing the characterization and analysis of plastics biodegradation process and developing more efficient methods for screening plastics biodegraders.
Biodegradable Plastics/chemistry* ; Biodegradation, Environmental

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with Vp4 portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).Methods:Data of 15 patients undergoing TIPS for HCC with Vp4 PVTT and portal hypertension (PTN) in Peking University First Hospital from July 2018 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 14 males and 1 female, aged (61.5±11.1) years old, ranging from 40 to 78 years old. The success rate of TIPS, portal pressure gradient (PPG) before and after procedure, perioperative adverse effects and complications were recorded. The survival status of patients was followed up by telephone review after surgery. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.Results:The procedure of TIPS was performed uneventfully in all patients, with a technical success rate of 100% (15/15). PPG before and after TIPS were (31.73±5.48) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) and (17.60±3.66) mmHg, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.001). No perioperative death, hepatic artery or bile duct injury, acute liver failure or other major complications occurred. Compared with the preoperative status, the performance status scores [0(0, 0) vs. 3(3, 3)] and Child-Pugh scores [6(5, 8) vs. 9(8, 10)] were lower in patients one month after TIPS (all P<0.05). The median survival time was 228 d. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the cumulative survival rates at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after TIPS were 100%, 64.3%, 32.7% and 8.2%, respectively. Conclusion:TIPS could be safe and effective for HCC with Vp4 PVTT and severe PTN.