Objective To analyze the economic cost of self-monitoring of gestational diabetes mellitus, and provide a basis for measuring the economic burden of gestational diabetes mellitus, and to provide a reference for the formulation of intervention development and the adjustment of resource allocation. Methods The individual economic cost of self-monitoring for gestational diabetes mellitus was measured based on a decision tree model, and the total economic cost of self-monitoring for gestational diabetes mellitus in Beijing was estimated. The uncertainty of the model parameters was analyzed using one-way sensitivity analysis. Results The average individual economic cost of gestational diabetes self-monitoring was 1184 RMB, and the individual cost incurred by choosing different types of blood glucose meters ranged from 403 to 18 000 RMB. The average individual economic cost of finger-stick blood glucose monitoring was 606 RMB and the average individual economic cost of continuous glucose monitoring was 2 374 RMB. The total economic cost of gestational diabetes self-monitoring in Beijing was 23.818 0 million RMB, and the total economic cost incurred by choosing different types of blood glucose meters ranged from 0.292 5 to 9.027 9 million RMB. The proportion of the finger-stick blood glucose monitoring had the greatest impact on the robustness of the results. Conclusion Finger-stick blood glucose monitoring is still the dominant self-monitoring method and is less costly than continuous glucose monitoring. Self-monitoring of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus incurs certain economic cost and causes an economic burden on society.

Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution is one of the major environmental problems globally. Ophiopogon japonicus, a multifunctional plant extensively used in traditional Chinese medicine, has demonstrated potential in environmental remediation. This study investigated the Cd accumulation pattern of O. japonicus under cadmium stress and identified the heavy metal ATPase (HMA) family members in this plant. Our results demonstrated that O. japonicus exhibited a Cd enrichment factor (EF) of 2.75, demonstrating strong potential for soil Cd pollution remediation. Nine heavy metal ATPase (HMA) members of P1B-ATPases were successfully identified from the transcriptome data of O. japonicus, with OjHMA1-OjHMA6 classified as the Zn/Co/Cd/Pb-ATPases and OjHMA7-OjHMA9 as the Cu/Ag-ATPases. The expression levels of OjHMA1, OjHMA2, OjHMA3, and OjHMA7 were significantly up-regulated under Cd stress, highlighting their crucial roles in cadmium ion absorption and transport. The topological analysis revealed that these proteins possessed characteristic transmembrane (TM) segments of the family, along with functional A, P, and N domains involved in regulating ion absorption and release. Metal ion-binding sites (M4, M5, and M6) existed on the TM segments. Based on the number of transmembrane domains and the residues at metal ion-binding sites, the plant HMA family members were categorized into three subgroups: P1B-1 ATPases, P1B-2 ATPases, and P1B-4 ATPases. Specifically, the P1B-1 ATPase subgroup included the motifs TM4(CPC), TM5(YN[X]₄P), and TM6(M[XX]SS); the P1B-2 ATPase subgroup featured the motifs TM4(CPC), TM5(K), and TM6(DKTGT); the P1B-4 ATPase subgroup contained the motifs TM4(SPC) and TM6(HE[X]GT), all of which were critical for protein functions. Molecular docking results revealed the importance of conserved sequences such as CPC/SPC, DKTGT, and HE[X]GT in metal ion coordination and stabilization. These findings provide potential molecular targets for enhancing Cd uptake and tolerance of O. japonicus by genetic engineering and lay a theoretical foundation for developing new cultivars with high Cd accumulation capacity.
Cadmium/metabolism* ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism* ; Ophiopogon/drug effects* ; Soil Pollutants/toxicity* ; Plant Proteins/metabolism* ; Stress, Physiological ; Multigene Family ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant

Objective To explore the abnormal changes of resting state functional connectivity of pain networks in patients with cervical discogenic pain(CDP).Methods The resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data of 40 patients with CDP and 40 age-and gender-matched healthy controls(HC)were collected.The seed of posterior insula(PI)was used to define the pain network,and seed-based whole-brain functional connectivity analyses were performed to explore the difference of functional connectivity between CDP patients and HC,the associations between functional connectivity and clinical measures were analyzed.Results The functional connectivity between bilateral PI and bilateral thalamus(THA)was increased,and the functional connectivity between left PI and middle cingulate cortex(MCC),left postcentral gyrus(PoCG)and MCC were decreased in CDP patients.Moreover,the func-tional connectivity between right PI and left THA was positively correlated with visual analogue scale(VAS),and the functional connectivity between left PoCG and MCC was negatively correlated with VAS.Conclusion Functional connectivity abnormalities exist in pain network resting state of CDP patients,which may provide an imaging basis for revealing the neuropathological mechanism of pain in CDP patients.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and clinical significance of hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),procalcitonin(PCT)combined with interleukin-6(IL-6)in children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease.Methods A total of 62 children hospitalized in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were collected as research objects.According to the severity of infection,they were divided into observation group(severe infection group)with 29 cases and control group(mild infection group)with 33 cases.The differences of general data,total leukocyte count,neutrophil count,lymphocyte count,platelet count,hs-CRP,PCT,IL-6 and creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB)between the two groups and their clinical applications were analyzed and compared.Results The total white blood cell count,neutrophil count,lymphocyte count,hs-CRP,PCT and IL-6 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the difference has statistically significant.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve analysis of hs-CRP predicted the sensitivity and specificity of severe infection of hand-foot-mouth disease were 79.3%and 93.9%(95%CI:0.852-10.985,P<0.05);The sensitivity and specificity of PCT were 93.1%and 84.8%(95%CI:0.907-1,P<0.05);The sensitivity and specificity of IL-6 were 96.6%and 87.9%(95%CI:0.945-1,P<0.05).Conclusions In hand-foot-mouth classification,PCT and IL-6 are highly sensitive.Although hs-CRP is less sensitive than the former,its specificity is higher than the former.Therefore,the combination of hs-CRP,PCT and IL-6 has higher value for hand-foot-mouth classification.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 115 prostate cancer patients who underwent both mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT before undergoing radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymph node dissection at the Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, between March 2020 and September 2023. The age ( M(IQR)) was 67(10) years (range: 45 to 84 years), and the body mass index was 24(4) kg/m 2 (range: 18 to 30 kg/m 2). Pathological and imaging data were obtained from the patients. Lymph node pathology results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT for detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis in PCa through diagnostic evaluation tests. Comparisons between groups were performed using independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or χ2 test. Results:The positive rate for detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis was 18.3% (21/115) with mpMRI and 25.2% (29/115) with PSMA PET/CT. The pathological positive rate for lymph nodes was 28.7% (33/115). In patient-based analysis, the diagnostic sensitivity of PSMA PET/CT was significantly higher than that of mpMRI (63.6% vs. 30.3%, χ2=7.36, P=0.007). In lesion-based analysis, both the sensitivity and positive predictive value of PSMA PET/CT were significantly higher than those of mpMRI (sensitivity: 68.0% vs. 21.6%, χ2=42.20, P<0.01; positive predictive value: 50.0% vs. 23.1%, χ2=7.54, P=0.006). Conclusions:PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI both demonstrates good specificity in predicting pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. However, PSMA PET/CT is significantly superior to mpMRI in terms of sensitivity and the detection rate of pathologically positive lymph nodes.

Objective:To investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on the replication, amplification, and fibre formation of prions (PrP Sc). Methods:The CCK8 assay was used to detect the cell viability of the prion-infected cell model SMB-S15 after CAPE treatment for 3 days and 7 days and the maximum safe concentration of CAPE for SMB-S15 was obtained. The cells were treated with a concentration within a safe range, and the content of PrP Sc in the cells before and after CAPE treatment was analyzed by western blot. Protein misfolding cycle amplification (PMCA) and western blot were used to assess changes in PrP Sc level in amplification products following CAPE treatment. Real-time-quaking induced conversion assay (RT-QuIC) technology was employed to explore the changes in fibril formation before and after CAPE treatment. The binding affinity between CAPE and murine recombinant full-length prion protein was determined using a molecular interaction assay. Results:CCK8 cell viability assay results demonstrated that treatment with 1 μmol/L CAPE for 3 and 7 days did not exhibit statistically significant differences in cell viability compared to the control group (all P<0.05). However, when the concentration of CAPE exceeded 1 μmol/L, a significant reduction in cell viability was observed in cells treated with CAPE for 3 and 7 days, compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Thus, 1 μmol/L was determined as the maximum safe concentration of CAPE treatment for SMB-S15 cells. The western blot results revealed that treatment with CAPE for both 3 and 7 days led to a detectable reduction in the levels of PrP Sc in SMB-S15 cells (all P<0.05). The products of PMCA experiments were assessed using western blot. The findings revealed a significant decrease in the levels of PrP Sc (relative grey value) in the PMCA amplification products of adapted-strains SMB-S15, 139A, and ME7 following treatment with CAPE, as compared to the control group (all P<0.05). The RT-QuIC experimental results demonstrated a reduction in fibril formation (as indicated by ThT peak values) in CAPE-treated mouse-adapted strains 139A, ME7, and SMB-S15, as well as in SMB-S15 cells infected with prions. Furthermore, CAPE exhibited varying degrees of inhibition towards different seed fibrils formation, with statistically significant differences observed (all P<0.05). Notably, CAPE exhibited a more pronounced inhibitory effect on ME7 seed fibrils. Molecular interaction analyses demonstrated significant binding between CAPE and murine recombinant prion protein, and the association constant was (2.92±0.41)×10 -6 mol/L. Conclusions:CAPE inhibits PrP Sc replication, amplification, and fibril formation in vitro possibly due to specific interactions with the prion protein at the molecular level.

Objective To observe the effect of intelligent flexible ankle stretching training on lower extremity spasm in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods From June,2021 to May,2024,28 patients with spinal cord injury were randomly divided into control group(n=14)and experimental group(n=14).Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatment.On this ba-sis,the control group received manual extension treatment,and the experimental group received intelligent flexi-ble ankle stretching system training,for eight weeks.The modified Ashworth Scale(MAS),ankle dorsiflexion an-gle,Clinical Spasticity Index(CSI),max root mean square(RMSmax)of surface electromyography of gastrocne-mius medial head and vibration perception threshold(VPT)of great toe were compared. Results After treatment,MAS(χ2=10.378,P=0.035),ankle dorsiflexion angle(Z=-3.306,P<0.001),CSI(t=4.101,P=0.001)and RMSmax of gastrocnemius medial head(Z=-3.296,P<0.001)improved in the experimental group,while MAS(χ2=11.418,P=0.022),ankle dorsiflexion angle(Z=-1.986,P=0.047)and RMSmax of gas-trocnemius medial head(Z=-2.297,P=0.021)were better in the experimental group than in the control group.Although VPT was improved after treatment,no significant difference was found within and beteen groups(P>0.05). Conclusion The intelligent flexible ankle stretching training could improve the lower limb muscle spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury,and may be benefit for foot proprioception.

Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the head and neck, among which papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with a diameter of ≤ 1.0 cm is called thyroid micropapillary carcinoma. In recent years, thermal ablation technology for the treatment of thyroid micropapillary carcinoma has developed rapidly at home and abroad. At present, many guidelines, consensus and clinical studies related to thermal ablation treatment of thyroid micropapillary carcinoma have been published at home and abroad. Based on the existing literature, guidelines and clinical studies, this article summarizes, discusses and analyzes the advantages, indications, efficacy, safety, and existing problems of thermal ablation therapy for thyroid cancer.

Objective To observe the role of the renin-angiotensin system in myocardial injury induced by experi-mental vascular dementia.Methods Eighteen adult male rats were categorized into a normal group,sham group,and modified 2-vessel occlusion group(model).To assess the myocardial injury caused by experimental vascular dementia,immunostaining was conducted to evaluate the interstitial collagen fraction and myocyte cross-sectional ar-ea.The concentrations of angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)and angiotensin 1-7(Ang1-7)in the serum,as well as the ex-pression levels of angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE),angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2),Ang Ⅱ,Ang1-7,angiotensin type 1(AT1)receptor,and Mas receptor in the myocardium,were assessed.Results Modified 2-vessel occlusion led to pronounced cognitive dysfunction(P＜0.01)and myocardial injury(P＜0.000 1)when compared to the sham and normal groups.Additionally,modified 2-vessel occlusion induced significant upregulation of the ACE/Ang Ⅱ/AT1 receptor axis(P＜0.01)and downregulation of the ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas axis(P＜0.05)of the renin-angiotensin system in the myocardium.Conclusion Myocardial injury in rats with experimental vascu-lar dementia may be related to dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system.

Objective:To compare the diagnostic performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT in detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 115 prostate cancer patients who underwent both mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT before undergoing radical prostatectomy and extended pelvic lymph node dissection at the Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, between March 2020 and September 2023. The age ( M(IQR)) was 67(10) years (range: 45 to 84 years), and the body mass index was 24(4) kg/m 2 (range: 18 to 30 kg/m 2). Pathological and imaging data were obtained from the patients. Lymph node pathology results were used as the gold standard to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT for detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis in PCa through diagnostic evaluation tests. Comparisons between groups were performed using independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or χ2 test. Results:The positive rate for detecting pelvic lymph node metastasis was 18.3% (21/115) with mpMRI and 25.2% (29/115) with PSMA PET/CT. The pathological positive rate for lymph nodes was 28.7% (33/115). In patient-based analysis, the diagnostic sensitivity of PSMA PET/CT was significantly higher than that of mpMRI (63.6% vs. 30.3%, χ2=7.36, P=0.007). In lesion-based analysis, both the sensitivity and positive predictive value of PSMA PET/CT were significantly higher than those of mpMRI (sensitivity: 68.0% vs. 21.6%, χ2=42.20, P<0.01; positive predictive value: 50.0% vs. 23.1%, χ2=7.54, P=0.006). Conclusions:PSMA PET/CT and mpMRI both demonstrates good specificity in predicting pelvic lymph node metastasis in prostate cancer. However, PSMA PET/CT is significantly superior to mpMRI in terms of sensitivity and the detection rate of pathologically positive lymph nodes.