Objective To explore the influencing factors of coronary artery lesion severity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Clinical data of ACS patients admitted to Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University from December 2017 to December 2019 were consecutively collected. The modified Gensini score was used to assess the severity of coronary artery lesions. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify independent factors associated with coronary artery lesion severity. Results A total of 1 689 ACS patients were included, with an average age of (64.04±11.45) years; 1 353 (80.11%) were male, and the mean modified Gensini score was (8.12±4.03). Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that sex (β＝0.97, P＝0.001), age (β＝0.03, P＝0.021), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; β＝－0.03, P＜0.001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; β＝0.58, P＜0.001), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1; β＝－1.28, P＝0.012), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a); β＝0.001, P＝0.033], and glycated hemoglobin A_1C (HbA_1C; β＝0.45, P＜0.001) were independent influencing factors of the modified Gensini score. Conclusions Metabolic indicators, including Apo A1, LDL-C, HbA_1C, and Lp(a), may serve as risk factors for coronary artery lesion severity in ACS patients, with Apo A1 demonstrating the strongest impact.

Objective To construct a nomogram model for predicting lower extremity deep vein throm-bosis(DVT)during hospitalization in the patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy due to acute ische-mic stroke.Methods A total of 901 patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion undergoing mechanical thrombectomy in the hospital from January 1,2017 to January 1,2024 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the lower extremity DVT group(n=112)and non-DVT group(n=789)according to whether DVT occurred after surgery.The observation indicators included the clinically relevant data,perio-perative related indicators and related laboratory indicators.The multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relevant influencing factors,and then the nomogram model was established.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and area under the curve(AUC)were used to analyze the predictive efficiency of the model.The clinical benefit of the predictive model was assessed by the clinical decision curve analysis(DCA)curve.Results There were statistically significant differences in the age,NIHSS score at admission,history of diabetes mellitus,history of smoking and history of DVT between the two groups(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the time from onset to femoral artery puncture,time from onset to admission,time from femoral artery puncture to revascularization and postoperative complicating pul-monary infection between the two groups(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in D-di-mer,venous blood glucose and PLT at admission between the two groups(P<0.05).The multivariate logis-tic regression analysis results showed that the NIHSS score at admission,diabetes history,age,D-dimer,time from onset to femoral artery puncture and postoperative complicating pulmonary infection were the independ-ent influencing factors for lower extremity DVT during hospitalization in the patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with mechanical thrombectomy(P<0.05).The ROC curve and Bootstrap method verification results all showed that the nomogram predictive ability was strong.The DCA curve showed that when the threshold value was 0.12-0.96,the clinical benefit and applicability of the model were the best.Conclusion The constructed nomogram model can better predict the clinical outcome of the patients,and has a wide range of clinical applicability.

Objective To investigate the effect of allicin on the replication of hepatitis B virus(HBV)and to pre-liminarily elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods HepG 2.2.15 cells were treated with different concentrations of allicin and the levels of HBsAg and HBeAg were assessed by ELISA.Cell viability was evaluated using the CCK-8 assay to determine the optimal concentration of allicin;HepG2-NTCP cells were incubated with the optimal concentration of allicin for 48 hours,and the expression of HBV-related markers was detected by RT-qPCR;The activity of four HBV promoters(Enh I/Xp,SP1,SP2,and CP)was analyzed using a dual-lucif-erase reporter gene experiment.The effect of allicin on promoter activity was assessed;Gene-regulation tools were used to predict potential transcription factor that might bind to the promoter.After over-expressing the transcription factor,cells were incubated with allicin and the effect on promoter activity was examined;Finally,ChIP was used to confirm whether these transcription factors bind to the HBV promoters and whether allicin treatment affects this binding.Results Allicin significantly reduced the expression of HBsAg and slightly lowered the expression of HBeAg(P＜0.001);A concentration of 40 μmol/L allicin significantly inhibited HBV DNA replication and tran-scription(P＜0.05),without affecting cell viability;Allicin also significantly suppressed the activity of the HBV promoter SP2(P＜0.001).Further investigation revealed that the transcription factor SP1 could bind to the DNA se-quence of the HBV promoter SP2,and this binding was significantly inhibited after allicin treatment(P＜0.001).Conclusions Allicin inhibits the binding of the transcription factor SP1 to HBV promoter SP2,thereby reducing the transcriptional activity of HBV and suppressing viral replication.

OBJECTIVE: To review the clinical characteristics of patients with traumatic spinopelvic dissociation (SPD) and explore the diagnostic and therapeutic methods. METHODS: A clinical data of 22 patients with SPD who underwent surgical treatment between March 2019 and August 2024 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 9 females, with an average age of 35.5 years (range, 14-61 years). The causes of injury included falling from height in 16 cases, traffic accidents in 5 cases, and compression injury in 1 case. Sacral fractures were classified based on morphology into "U" type (9 cases), "H" type (7 cases), "T" type (4 cases), and "λ" type (2 cases). According to the Roy-Camille classification, there were 4 cases of type Ⅰ, 12 cases of type Ⅱ, 2 cases of type Ⅲ, and 4 cases of type Ⅳ. The Cobb angle was (35.7± 22.0)°. Sixteen patients were accompanied by lumbosacral trunk and cauda equina nerve injury, which was classified as grade Ⅱ in 5 cases, grade Ⅲ in 5 cases, and grade Ⅳ in 6 cases according to the Gibbons grading. The time from injury to operation was 2-17 days (mean, 5.7 days). Based on the type of sacral fracture and sacral nerve injury, 6 cases were treated with closed reduction and minimally invasive percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation, 16 cases were treated with open reduction and lumbar iliac fixation (8 cases)/triangular fixation (8 cases). Among them, 11 patients with severe fracture displacement and kyphotic deformity leading to sacral canal stenosis or bony impingement within the sacral foramen underwent laminectomy and sacral nerve decompression. X-ray films and CT were reviewed during followed-up. The Matta score was used to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction. At last follow-up, the Majeed score was used to assess the functional recovery, and the Gibbons grading was used to evaluate the nerve function. RESULTS: All operations were successfully completed. All patients were followed up 8-64 months (mean, 20.4 months). Two patients developed deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs, 2 had incision infections, and 1 developed a sacral pressure ulcer; no other complications occurred. Radiological examination showed that the Cobb angle was (12.0±6.8)°, which was significantly different from the preoperative one ( t=6.000, P<0.001). The Cobb angle in 16 patients who underwent open reduction was (14.9±5.5)°, which was significantly different from the preoperative one [(46.8±13.9)° ] ( t=8.684, P<0.001). According to the Matta scoring criteria, the quality of fracture reduction was rated as excellent in 8 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 5 cases, and poor in 2 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 68.2%. Bone callus formation was observed at the fracture site in all patients at 12 weeks after operation, and bony union achieved in all cases at last follow-up, with a healing time ranging from 12 to 36 weeks (mean, 17.6 weeks). At last follow-up, the Majeed score was rated as excellent in 7 cases, good in 10 cases, fair in 4 cases, and poor in 1 case, with an excellent and good rate of 77.3%. One patient experienced a unilateral iliac screw breakage at 12 months after operation, but the fracture had already healed, and there was no loss of reduction. Among the 16 patients with preoperative sacral nerve injury, 11 cases showed improvement in nerve function (6 cases) or recovery (5 cases). CONCLUSION SPD with low incidence, multiple associated injuries, and high incidence of sacral nerve injury, requires timely decompression of the sacral canal for symptomatic sacral nerve compression, fractures reduction, deformities correction, and stable fixation.
Humans ; Adult ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fractures/diagnostic imaging* ; Adolescent ; Sacrum/diagnostic imaging* ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; Young Adult ; Pelvic Bones/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Bone Screws

Objective:To construct a set of admission evaluation indicators for terminal patients in community hospice wards.Methods:This qualitative study employed a mixed-methods approach. From January to June 2023, 10 physicians working in community hospice wards in Shanghai participated in one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Based on the interview findings and literature review, a preliminary set of admission evaluation indicators was drafted. Subsequently, from July to December 2023, 18 national experts in hospice/palliative care were selected for a two-round Delphi expert consultation to refine the indicators. The final indicator system was established based on the consultation results, and the weight coefficients for each indicator were determined.Results:Sixteen experts completed both rounds of consultation. The experts had a mean age of (52.0±8.3) years and a mean working experience of (14.4±6.8) years. The response rates for the two rounds were 88.9% and 100.0%, respectively. The authority coefficients were 0.875 and 0.894, and the Kendall′s W coordination coefficients were 0.338 (χ2=471.737, P<0.001) and 0.349 (χ2=398.230, P<0.001), respectively. After two rounds of Delphi consultation, a final admission evaluation indicator system was established, comprising 4 first-level indicators and 63 second-level indicators. The first-level indicators and their weight coefficients were: Underlying Disease (0.256 7), Survival Prognosis (0.256 7), Holistic Needs (0.256 6), and Social Environment (0.240 0). Conclusion:The admission evaluation indicator system for terminal patients in community hospice wards developed in this study facilitates the standardized development of community hospice/palliative care services and contributes to providing high-quality care for patients and their families.

This report evaluates the preliminary outcomes of a "six-in-one" integrated cough and asthma center developed under a dual-contract physician model at the Changfeng Community Health Service Center in Putuo District, Shanghai. By combining the efforts of family doctors and medical specialists, the center integrated six core functions-clinical treatment, prevention, nursing, rehabilitation, pharmacy, and nutrition-into a seamless management system covering screening, diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up. Supported by specialist guidance and teaching clinics, the model significantly enhanced comprehensive respiratory disease management capabilities within the community setting. The initiative not only improved patient health outcomes but also strengthened multidisciplinary collaboration and resource efficiency, offering a replicable example for improving chronic disease management in primary care through integrated and coordinated service delivery.

Objective:To construct a set of admission evaluation indicators for terminal patients in community hospice wards.Methods:This qualitative study employed a mixed-methods approach. From January to June 2023, 10 physicians working in community hospice wards in Shanghai participated in one-on-one, semi-structured, in-depth interviews. Based on the interview findings and literature review, a preliminary set of admission evaluation indicators was drafted. Subsequently, from July to December 2023, 18 national experts in hospice/palliative care were selected for a two-round Delphi expert consultation to refine the indicators. The final indicator system was established based on the consultation results, and the weight coefficients for each indicator were determined.Results:Sixteen experts completed both rounds of consultation. The experts had a mean age of (52.0±8.3) years and a mean working experience of (14.4±6.8) years. The response rates for the two rounds were 88.9% and 100.0%, respectively. The authority coefficients were 0.875 and 0.894, and the Kendall′s W coordination coefficients were 0.338 (χ2=471.737, P<0.001) and 0.349 (χ2=398.230, P<0.001), respectively. After two rounds of Delphi consultation, a final admission evaluation indicator system was established, comprising 4 first-level indicators and 63 second-level indicators. The first-level indicators and their weight coefficients were: Underlying Disease (0.256 7), Survival Prognosis (0.256 7), Holistic Needs (0.256 6), and Social Environment (0.240 0). Conclusion:The admission evaluation indicator system for terminal patients in community hospice wards developed in this study facilitates the standardized development of community hospice/palliative care services and contributes to providing high-quality care for patients and their families.

This report evaluates the preliminary outcomes of a "six-in-one" integrated cough and asthma center developed under a dual-contract physician model at the Changfeng Community Health Service Center in Putuo District, Shanghai. By combining the efforts of family doctors and medical specialists, the center integrated six core functions-clinical treatment, prevention, nursing, rehabilitation, pharmacy, and nutrition-into a seamless management system covering screening, diagnosis, therapy, and follow-up. Supported by specialist guidance and teaching clinics, the model significantly enhanced comprehensive respiratory disease management capabilities within the community setting. The initiative not only improved patient health outcomes but also strengthened multidisciplinary collaboration and resource efficiency, offering a replicable example for improving chronic disease management in primary care through integrated and coordinated service delivery.

Objective:To investigate the risk of new-onset stroke caused by cerebral microbleed (CMB) and asymptomatic lacunar infarction (ALI) and their risk factors.Methods:A prospective observational study over a 18 month period was conducted on 397 non stroke patients who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March 2020 to June 2022. By the presence of CMB and ALI about magnetic resonance imaging, they were divided into th control group (without CMB and ALI, 117 cases, 29.5%), ALI group (101 cases, 25.4%), CMB group (89 cases, 22.4%) and CMB-ALI group (90 cases, 22.7%).They were followed up for 18 months, the risk factors for CMB, ALI, and the risk of new stroke were analyzed.Results:The systolic blood pressure and uric acid in the CMB group were higher than those in the control group: (155.2 ± 24.2) mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (138.2 ± 19.0) mmHg, (387.0 ± 28.3) μmol/L vs. (354.0 ± 21.5) μmol/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After followed up for 18 months, the incidence rate of cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage and TIA in the CMB group and CMB-ALI group were higher than those in the control group: 13.5%(12/89), 13.3%(12/90) vs.5.1%(6/117); 9.0%(8/89), 10.0%(9/90) vs. 2.6%(3/117); 5.6%(5/89), 6.7%(6/90) vs. 0.8%(1/117), there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). Conclusions:CMB is prone to abnormal systolic blood pressure and uric acid. CMB, CMB-ALI are prone to new onset ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage and TIA.

Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and medium-sized arteries that leads to ischemic heart disease,stroke,and peripheral vascular disease.Despite the current treatments,mortality and disability still remain high.Sonodynamic therapy(SDT),a non-invasive and localized methodology,has been developed as a promising new treatment for inhibiting atherosclerotic progression and sta-bilizing plaques.Promising progress has been made through cell and animal assays,as well as clinical trials.For example,the effect of SDT on apoptosis and autophagy of cells in AS,especially macrophages,and the concept of non-lethal SDT has also been proposed.In this review,we summarize the ultrasonic parameters and known sonosensitizers utilized in SDT for AS;we elaborate on SDTs therapeutic effects and mechanisms in terms of macrophages,T lymphocytes,neovascularization,smooth muscle cells,lipid,extracellular matrix and efferocytosis within plaques;additionally,we discuss the safety of SDT.A comprehensive summary of the confirmed effects of SDT on AS is conducted to establish a framework for future researchers.