Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MS)in children from Lubei district of Tangshan City from 2020 to 2024.Methods A total of 964 children were identified by multi-segment stratified cluster sampling.A questionnaire survey was conducted on all subjects,and the recovery rate of the questionnaire was 98.0%,with 945 samples recovered.The detection rates of MS in different populations were compared,and risk factors of MS in children were analysed by Logistic regression analysis.Results In 945 children,49(5.19%)had MS,and there was no significant difference in detection rate between different genders of children(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in blood pressure[systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)],blood lipid[triglycerides(TG)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)]between children ages 7 to 10 years old and 11 to 14 years old(P>0.05).The values of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and waist circumference(WC)were higher in boys aged 11-14 than those in girls(P＜0.05).The proportion of body weight and obesity,the proportion of physical activity time＜10 h/week,the proportion of family history of hypertension and WC level were higher in the MS group than those in the non-MS group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that weight obesity,physical activity time＜10 h/week,family history of hypertension and high WC value were independent risk factors for MS in children(P＜0.05).Conclusion Obesity,family history of hypertension,time spent in physical activity and higher WC are strongly associated with the development of MS in children,and clinical attention should be paid to them.

Objective To re-evaluate the systematic evaluation of effectiveness of preoperative exercise intervention in patients with lung cancer.Methods Literature in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the effectiveness of preoperative exercise intervention among patients with lung cancer was retrieved from databases of PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CINAHL,Joanna Briggs Institute of Australia's Centre for Evidence-based Health Care Database(JBI),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,VIP,and SinoMed from the inception to January 10,2024.Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved literature,extracted data,evaluated methodological quality,and summarised and graded the evidence.Results Eight systematic reviews were included.Methodological quality was rated moderate for one review,low for four,and very low for three.Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses was found comprehensive in three reviews,incomplete in four and seriously deficient in one.Seven outcome categories comprising 56 indicators were summarised and graded:nine indicators were of moderate certainty,29 of low certainty,and 18 of very low certainty.Pooled evidence from re-meta-analysis showed that preoperative exercises improved preoperative cardiopulmonary function,reduced the risk of post-operative pulmonary complications(PPCs),and shortened a hospital stay.Conclusion Preoperative exercise can improve patient outcomes after surgery.However,current studies often face methodological limitations,inadequate reporting standards and low-quality evidence.Future research should employ more rigorous designs and higher-quality evidence,including comparisons of different exercise modalities and durations,and provide a basis for developing efficient and optimally timed pre-operative exercise protocols.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MS)in children from Lubei district of Tangshan City from 2020 to 2024.Methods A total of 964 children were identified by multi-segment stratified cluster sampling.A questionnaire survey was conducted on all subjects,and the recovery rate of the questionnaire was 98.0%,with 945 samples recovered.The detection rates of MS in different populations were compared,and risk factors of MS in children were analysed by Logistic regression analysis.Results In 945 children,49(5.19%)had MS,and there was no significant difference in detection rate between different genders of children(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in blood pressure[systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP)],blood lipid[triglycerides(TG)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)]between children ages 7 to 10 years old and 11 to 14 years old(P>0.05).The values of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and waist circumference(WC)were higher in boys aged 11-14 than those in girls(P＜0.05).The proportion of body weight and obesity,the proportion of physical activity time＜10 h/week,the proportion of family history of hypertension and WC level were higher in the MS group than those in the non-MS group(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression model showed that weight obesity,physical activity time＜10 h/week,family history of hypertension and high WC value were independent risk factors for MS in children(P＜0.05).Conclusion Obesity,family history of hypertension,time spent in physical activity and higher WC are strongly associated with the development of MS in children,and clinical attention should be paid to them.

Objective To re-evaluate the systematic evaluation of effectiveness of preoperative exercise intervention in patients with lung cancer.Methods Literature in systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the effectiveness of preoperative exercise intervention among patients with lung cancer was retrieved from databases of PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CINAHL,Joanna Briggs Institute of Australia's Centre for Evidence-based Health Care Database(JBI),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data,VIP,and SinoMed from the inception to January 10,2024.Two reviewers independently screened the retrieved literature,extracted data,evaluated methodological quality,and summarised and graded the evidence.Results Eight systematic reviews were included.Methodological quality was rated moderate for one review,low for four,and very low for three.Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses was found comprehensive in three reviews,incomplete in four and seriously deficient in one.Seven outcome categories comprising 56 indicators were summarised and graded:nine indicators were of moderate certainty,29 of low certainty,and 18 of very low certainty.Pooled evidence from re-meta-analysis showed that preoperative exercises improved preoperative cardiopulmonary function,reduced the risk of post-operative pulmonary complications(PPCs),and shortened a hospital stay.Conclusion Preoperative exercise can improve patient outcomes after surgery.However,current studies often face methodological limitations,inadequate reporting standards and low-quality evidence.Future research should employ more rigorous designs and higher-quality evidence,including comparisons of different exercise modalities and durations,and provide a basis for developing efficient and optimally timed pre-operative exercise protocols.

Objective To analyze the adolescent tuberculosis reported in Haikou region between 2018 and 2021 and factors influencing the outcome. Methods The data on adolescent tuberculosis cases reported in Tuberculosis Information Management System in the Haikou Regional Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (RCDC) from 2018 to 2021 were collected. A follow-up survey was carried out until 31 December 2022. The changes in reported incidence of adolescent tuberculosis in Haikou was analyzed, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify independent factors influencing the outcome of adolescent tuberculosis. Results A total of 265 cases of tuberculosis in adolescents were reported between 2018 and 2021, of which 55 were reported in 2018, 74 in 2019, 67 in 2020, and 69 in 2021. The total number of reported cases of tuberculosis was 140 among male adolescents, which was slightly higher than 125 among female adolescents. The number of reported cases of tuberculosis was 134 in adolescents ≥15 years of age and 131 in adolescents <15 years of age. No statistically significant difference was reported between good outcome group and poor outcome group in age, gender, place of residence, nationality, and domicile place (P>0.05), whereas difference was found in the history of tuberculosis between two groups (P<0.05). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model denoted that retreated tuberculosis (HR: 2.172, 95%CI: 1.483-3.007), complicating underlying disease (HR: 1.451, 95%CI: 1.080-1.985), and number of sputum smears (HR: 2.617, 95%CI: 1.531-3.458) were the risk factors for adverse outcomes in adolescent tuberculosis. Conclusion From 2018 to 2021, the number of reported adolescents of pulmonary tuberculosis in Haikou increased, suggesting that the management and prevention of adolescents should be strengthened to improve the prognosis rate of adolescents.

The clinical data, laboratory test, and gene mutations were collected from a family with Liddle syndrome. Literatures on Liddle syndrome published in domestic and abroad since 1994 were reviewed and the types of gene mutations were summarized. The proband was diagnosed with hypertension at the age of 24. Laboratory test showed that serum potassium was 3.65 mmol/L, plasma renin was <0.5 mU/L, and plasma aldosterone was 1.5 ng/dL. Proband′s father was diagnosed with hypertension at the age of 34 with the serum potassium 3.34 mmol/L, plasma renin 3.72 mU/L, and plasma aldosterone 6.04 ng/dL. A nonsense mutation(1724G>A, p.Trp575*) in exon 13 of SCNN1G gene was detected in the proband and his father. In 288 cases from 107 families reported in the review of domestic and foreign literature, the incidence of hypertension, hypokalemia, and low renin/low aldosterone were 95.1%, 55.2%, and 49.6%, respectively. This case suggests that the clinical phenotype of Liddle syndrome is heterogeneous. Patients with early-onset hypertension, regardless of whether they are accompanied by hypokalemia, should be screened for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and genetic testing related to Liddle syndrome should be further detected in patients with low plasma renin/aldosterone.

Objective:To summarize the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with CSNK2B gene variation. Methods:The clinical and genetic data of a child with Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome caused by shear variant of CSNK2B gene who was diagnosed in the Department of Neurology, Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in March 2022 were collected. Previous relevant literature at home and abroad was reviewed to summarize the clinical characteristics of the disease. Results:The child was a girl aged 13 months, mainly due to "intermittent convulsions for 2 months" for consultation. The clinical manifestations of the girl were normal face, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, low intelligence, language and motor retardation, and there was no abnormality in the long-range video electroencephalography and the head magnetic resonance imaging. No abnormality was found in chromosome karyotype analysis and chromosome coefficient of copy variation analysis. The whole exon gene sequencing test indicated that the child carried de novo heterozygous shear variant of CSNK2B gene c.291+5G>C, which had not been reported in the literature. According to the clinical manifestations and genetic examination results of the child, the diagnosis of Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome was clear. The CSNK2B gene of the proband′s parents and the twin sister was wild-type. The application of sodium valproate anti-seizure medication could effectively control the seizures of the child, and by giving rehabilitation function training, the child′s language and gross motor function was improved. Conclusions:The Poirier-Bienvenu neurodevelopmental syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder caused by variants in the CSNK2B gene. The clinical manifestations are infancy-onset seizures, intellectual development disorders, language and motor development disorders, etc, and the video electroencephalogram and skull magnetic resonance are mostly normal. The CSNK2B gene shear variant is the genetic etiology of the proband.

Objective To establish a method for uranium aerosol sample collection, dry ashing treatment, and laboratory laser-fluorescence measurement in the workplace of uranium processing and fuel fabrication facilities. Methods Through optimization experiments, the effects of sampling flow, sample pH value, and test temperature on uranium aerosol concentration results were studied, and the detection limit, precision, and recovery rate of the method were tested. Results Under the optimal test conditions, the detection limit of the method was 0.025 ng/mL; the minimum detectable concentration of 1 m³ of aerosol samples was 1.25 × 10⁻³ μg/m³; the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the measurement results was less than 5%; the recovery rate was between 96% and 104%. Conclusion The detection limit, precision, and accuracy of the method meet the testing requirements for uranium aerosol samples in the workplace of uranium processing and fuel fabrication facilities.

Objective: To explore the correction factors of lung cancer caused by radon exposure in a uranium mine, and estimate the excess relative risk (ERR) coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the uranium miners. Methods: Male miners who worked in a uranium mine more than one year in Hunan Province from 1958 to 2018 were selected. This study preliminarily estimated the ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the miners with different corrections using the Possion regression model. Results: This study cohort included 4 851 uranium miners, with 187 miners died with lung cancer from 1958 to 2018, and cumulative follow-up of 207 251 person-year. The ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon without correction factors was estimated to be 0.21%/WLM (95%CI: 0.04%/WLM-0.27%/WLM). In the final model, the exponential correction factors of radon-induced lung cancer were time since exposure and exposure rate. In this model, if time since exposure was 45 years and the average exposure rate was 0.14 WL, the estimated ERR coefficient was 1.73%/WLM (95%CI: 0.36%/WLM-3.11%/WLM). The ERR decreases by about 60.00% for every 10 years since exposure, and increases by about 30.00% for every one WL increase exposure rate. Conclusion: The correction factors of lung cancer caused by radon in uranium miners in this mine were the time since exposure and exposure rate. It was preliminarily estimated that the ERR coefficient of lung cancer caused by radon in the occupational radon exposed population in this uranium mine was 1.73%/WLM (95%CI: 0.36%/WLM-3.11%/WLM).

With the rapid development of the nuclear industry, the uranium-exposed population is rapidly expanding. Kidney injury is a major health concern for uranium-exposed population because uranium is initially retained in the kidneys and induces chemical toxicity. However, the commonly used clinical markers of kidney injury usually show significant changes in the late stages of such damage, making it difficult to monitor the occupational health of uranium-exposed population. In recent years, a number of biomarkers that can reflect early kidney injury caused by uranium have been identified and investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and protein blotting. This article will review the studies in this area, with the aim of providing a basis for the diagnosis and understanding the development and prognosis of uranium-induced kidney injury.