ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between acne vulgaris and gut microbiota. MethodsA total of 29 clinical cases diagnosed with moderate-to-severe acne vulgaris and 26 healthy individuals as control subjects were recruited. Fecal specimens were collected from all participants， and further analysis of gut microbial communities was performed by leveraging high-throughput sequencing techniques that target the hypervariable regions of 16S rRNA genes. ResultsAssociations between acne vulgaris and alterations in gut microbiota were identified. At the phylum level， the relative abundance of Bacteroidota exhibited a statistically significant elevation in the acne vulgaris cohort when compared with the healthy control group （P<0.01）， while Cyanobacteria was significantly lower in the acne group （P<0.01）. At the genus level， the top five different bacterial taxa in both groups were Bacteroides， Escherichia⁃Shigella， Klebsiella， Roseburia， and Parabacteroides. Among them， Bacteroides， Roseburia， and Parabacteroides were more abundant in acne patients. Linear discriminant analysis identified five biomarkers all belonging to the Bacteroidota phylum in the acne and control groups. These biomarkers belong to the phylum Bacteroidetes. ConclusionThere are significant differences in the composition of intestinal microbiota between acne patients and healthy people. Changes in the richness of specific bacterial genera may become new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of acne.

Objective To evaluate the value of biparametric MRI(bpMRI)radiomics for predicting postoperation Gleason score(GS)upgrade of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods Totally 344 PCa patients who underwent radical prostatectomy(RP)were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training set(n=241)and test set(n=103)at a ratio of 7∶3.T2WI,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)map radiomics signatures were constructed based on preoperative bpMRI,respectively,then logistic regression(LR)algorithm was used to establish bpMRI radiomics model.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen independent risk factors for postoperation GS upgrade of PCa,and a clinical model was constructed.Then a clinical-radiomics combined model was established based on clinical model and bpMRI radiomics model.Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn,the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of each model for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa.Results Elevated preoperative prostate imaging reporting and data system(PI-RADS)score and reduced biopsy Gleason grade group(GG)were both independent risk factors of postoperation GS upgrade of PCa(both P＜0.05).The AUC of bpMRI radiomics model and clinical-radiomics combined model for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa were higher than that of single-sequence radiomics signatures and clinical model(all P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found between the former two(P＞0.05).The clinical-radiomics combined model demonstrated good efficacy for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa with different biopsy GG before operation,with AUC ranging from 0.835 to 0.949 in training set and 0.803 to 0.948 in test set.Conclusion bpMRI radiomics model could effectively predict postoperation GS upgrade of PCa.

Objective:To explore the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction in college students, as well as the chain mediating role of rejection sensitivity and adaptability.Methods:From March to May 2024, a total of 1 119 college students were surveyed using the short-form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppforstran for Chinese(s-EMBU-C), internet addiction test(IAT), rejection sensitivity questionnaire(RSQ), and the China college student adjustment scale(CCSAS).SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used for independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis, and PROCESS 4.0 macro program was used for chain mediation analysis. Results:(1)Maternal rejection (11.19±2.97) was positively correlated with internet addiction (44.89±9.74)( r=0.60, P<0.01) and rejection sensitivity (102.93±55.63)( r=0.63, P<0.01), while negatively correlated with adaptability (200.19±14.18)( r=-0.56, P<0.01) among college students. Rejection sensitivity was positively correlated with internet addiction ( r=0.75, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with adaptability ( r=-0.76, P<0.01). Adaptability was negatively correlated with internet addiction ( r=-0.68, P<0.01). (2)Maternal rejection had a significant direct effect on internet addiction among college students (effect value=0.193, 95% CI=0.145-0.241), accounting for 32.06%(0.193/0.602) of the total effect. Rejection sensitivity mediated the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction (effect value=0.290, 95% CI=0.232-0.357), accounting for 48.17%(0.290/0.602) of the total effect. Adaptability also mediated this relationship (effect value=0.028, 95% CI=0.009-0.053), accounting for 4.65%(0.028/0.602) of the total effect. Additionally, there was a chain mediation effect of rejection sensitivity and adaptability on the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction (effect value=0.091, 95% CI=0.052-0.130), accounting for 15.12%(0.091/0.602) of the total effect. Conclusion:Maternal rejection can directly influence internet addiction in college students, and it can also indirectly influence internet addiction through the independent mediating effects of rejection sensitivity and adaptability, as well as through the chain mediating effects of both rejection sensitivity and adaptability.

Objective:To explore the effects of perceived stress on ego depletion of college students, as well as the mediating role of emotional eating and the moderating role of peer relationship.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 1 088 college students was conducted using the perceived stress scale, the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire, the self-control resource depletion scale, and the peer relationship measurement from December 2023 to April 2024.PROCESS Macro program in SPSS 25.0 software was used to test the mediating effect of emotional eating and the moderating effect of peer relationship.Results:(1)The score of perceived stress, emotional eating, peer relationship and ego depletion were 39.26±8.35, 39.19±12.15, 2.00(1.00), and 18.19±7.15, respectively.(2)Perceived stress was positively correlated with emotional eating, ego depletion, and peer relationship( r=0.36, 0.61, 0.25, all P<0.01). Emotional eating was positively correlated with ego depletion and peer relationship( r=0.40, 0.19, both P<0.01). And ego depletion was positively correlated with peer relationship( r=0.23, P<0.01).(3)Emotional eating played a partial mediating role in the effect of perceived stress on ego depletion( β=0.077, 95% CI=0.053-0.104), and the mediating effect accounted for 12.38%(0.077/0.622) of the total effect.(4)Peer relationship played a moderating role between perceived stress and emotional eating. Under low peer relationship, perceived stress had a significant positive predictive effect on emotional eating( βsimple=0.46, P<0.01), and under high peer relationship, the predictive effect of perceived stress on emotional eating was significantly weaker( βsimple=0.26, P<0.01). Conclusions:Perceived stress not only directly affects ego depletion, but also indirectly affects ego depletion through emotional eating in college students.High levels of peer relationship can weaken the impact of perceived stress and high emotional eating on ego depletion.

Alcohol abuse is a global public health problem.Excessive drinking not only damages digestive tract,cardiovascu-lar and endocrine systems,but also damages central nervous system(CNS).Recent studies have shown that alcohol interacts with neu-roimmune system to alter neuroimmune signaling and molecular expression,thereby leading to neuroinflammation and regulating a wide range of brain functions.Microglia is main cell of CNS involved in neuroimmune responses.Microglia is activated by alcohol and acts on neurons,leading to neuropsychiatric diseases,such as neuronal loss,abnormal synaptic connections,cognitive decline and motor dysfunction.Alcohol chronically stimulates digestive tract and also affects microglia along gut-brain axis.Neural properties of microglia and related immune factors and their important roles in neuroinflammation provide a new insight into neuroimmune mecha-nisms underlying alcohol-induced changes in brain function and behavior.This review discusses progress of role of microglia and their immune signaling in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation,and provides theoretical basis for further research on neurobiological mecha-nism and treatment of alcohol abuse.

Objective:To explore the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction in college students, as well as the chain mediating role of rejection sensitivity and adaptability.Methods:From March to May 2024, a total of 1 119 college students were surveyed using the short-form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppforstran for Chinese(s-EMBU-C), internet addiction test(IAT), rejection sensitivity questionnaire(RSQ), and the China college student adjustment scale(CCSAS).SPSS 26.0 statistical software was used for independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis, and PROCESS 4.0 macro program was used for chain mediation analysis. Results:(1)Maternal rejection (11.19±2.97) was positively correlated with internet addiction (44.89±9.74)( r=0.60, P<0.01) and rejection sensitivity (102.93±55.63)( r=0.63, P<0.01), while negatively correlated with adaptability (200.19±14.18)( r=-0.56, P<0.01) among college students. Rejection sensitivity was positively correlated with internet addiction ( r=0.75, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with adaptability ( r=-0.76, P<0.01). Adaptability was negatively correlated with internet addiction ( r=-0.68, P<0.01). (2)Maternal rejection had a significant direct effect on internet addiction among college students (effect value=0.193, 95% CI=0.145-0.241), accounting for 32.06%(0.193/0.602) of the total effect. Rejection sensitivity mediated the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction (effect value=0.290, 95% CI=0.232-0.357), accounting for 48.17%(0.290/0.602) of the total effect. Adaptability also mediated this relationship (effect value=0.028, 95% CI=0.009-0.053), accounting for 4.65%(0.028/0.602) of the total effect. Additionally, there was a chain mediation effect of rejection sensitivity and adaptability on the relationship between maternal rejection and internet addiction (effect value=0.091, 95% CI=0.052-0.130), accounting for 15.12%(0.091/0.602) of the total effect. Conclusion:Maternal rejection can directly influence internet addiction in college students, and it can also indirectly influence internet addiction through the independent mediating effects of rejection sensitivity and adaptability, as well as through the chain mediating effects of both rejection sensitivity and adaptability.

Objective:To explore the effects of perceived stress on ego depletion of college students, as well as the mediating role of emotional eating and the moderating role of peer relationship.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 1 088 college students was conducted using the perceived stress scale, the Dutch eating behavior questionnaire, the self-control resource depletion scale, and the peer relationship measurement from December 2023 to April 2024.PROCESS Macro program in SPSS 25.0 software was used to test the mediating effect of emotional eating and the moderating effect of peer relationship.Results:(1)The score of perceived stress, emotional eating, peer relationship and ego depletion were 39.26±8.35, 39.19±12.15, 2.00(1.00), and 18.19±7.15, respectively.(2)Perceived stress was positively correlated with emotional eating, ego depletion, and peer relationship( r=0.36, 0.61, 0.25, all P<0.01). Emotional eating was positively correlated with ego depletion and peer relationship( r=0.40, 0.19, both P<0.01). And ego depletion was positively correlated with peer relationship( r=0.23, P<0.01).(3)Emotional eating played a partial mediating role in the effect of perceived stress on ego depletion( β=0.077, 95% CI=0.053-0.104), and the mediating effect accounted for 12.38%(0.077/0.622) of the total effect.(4)Peer relationship played a moderating role between perceived stress and emotional eating. Under low peer relationship, perceived stress had a significant positive predictive effect on emotional eating( βsimple=0.46, P<0.01), and under high peer relationship, the predictive effect of perceived stress on emotional eating was significantly weaker( βsimple=0.26, P<0.01). Conclusions:Perceived stress not only directly affects ego depletion, but also indirectly affects ego depletion through emotional eating in college students.High levels of peer relationship can weaken the impact of perceived stress and high emotional eating on ego depletion.

Objective To evaluate the value of biparametric MRI(bpMRI)radiomics for predicting postoperation Gleason score(GS)upgrade of prostate cancer(PCa).Methods Totally 344 PCa patients who underwent radical prostatectomy(RP)were retrospectively enrolled and divided into training set(n=241)and test set(n=103)at a ratio of 7∶3.T2WI,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)map radiomics signatures were constructed based on preoperative bpMRI,respectively,then logistic regression(LR)algorithm was used to establish bpMRI radiomics model.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen independent risk factors for postoperation GS upgrade of PCa,and a clinical model was constructed.Then a clinical-radiomics combined model was established based on clinical model and bpMRI radiomics model.Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn,the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of each model for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa.Results Elevated preoperative prostate imaging reporting and data system(PI-RADS)score and reduced biopsy Gleason grade group(GG)were both independent risk factors of postoperation GS upgrade of PCa(both P＜0.05).The AUC of bpMRI radiomics model and clinical-radiomics combined model for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa were higher than that of single-sequence radiomics signatures and clinical model(all P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found between the former two(P＞0.05).The clinical-radiomics combined model demonstrated good efficacy for predicting postoperation GS upgrade of PCa with different biopsy GG before operation,with AUC ranging from 0.835 to 0.949 in training set and 0.803 to 0.948 in test set.Conclusion bpMRI radiomics model could effectively predict postoperation GS upgrade of PCa.

Alcohol abuse is a global public health problem.Excessive drinking not only damages digestive tract,cardiovascu-lar and endocrine systems,but also damages central nervous system(CNS).Recent studies have shown that alcohol interacts with neu-roimmune system to alter neuroimmune signaling and molecular expression,thereby leading to neuroinflammation and regulating a wide range of brain functions.Microglia is main cell of CNS involved in neuroimmune responses.Microglia is activated by alcohol and acts on neurons,leading to neuropsychiatric diseases,such as neuronal loss,abnormal synaptic connections,cognitive decline and motor dysfunction.Alcohol chronically stimulates digestive tract and also affects microglia along gut-brain axis.Neural properties of microglia and related immune factors and their important roles in neuroinflammation provide a new insight into neuroimmune mecha-nisms underlying alcohol-induced changes in brain function and behavior.This review discusses progress of role of microglia and their immune signaling in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation,and provides theoretical basis for further research on neurobiological mecha-nism and treatment of alcohol abuse.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of prostate imaging recurrence reporting (PI-RR) system for detecting local recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) in prostate cancer (PCa) and to assess the consistency of the PI-RR scores assigned by different seniority radiologists.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 176 PCa patients who underwent multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) for biochemical recurrence (BCR) after RP from July 2015 to October 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively collected. The mpMRI images were reviewed and the PI-RR scores of the main lesions were assigned independently by six different seniority radiologists (2 junior, 2 senior and 2 expert radiologists). Following the reference standard determined by biopsy pathologic results, follow-up imaging, or prostate specific antigen levels, the patients were divided into two groups: 54 patients with local recurrence and 122 patients without local recurrence. The intraclass correlation coefficient ( ICC) and Kappa test were used to evaluate the consistency of the PI-RR scores by different seniority radiologists. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the PI-RR scores assessed by different seniority radiologists for detecting local recurrence of PCa after RP. The DeLong test was utilized to compare the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of different seniority radiologist PI-RR scores and a false discovery rate (FDR) was applied to correct results using the Benjamini and Hochberg method. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated according to the cutoff value of PI-RR score≥3 or 4. Results:The ICC (95% CI) of all different seniority radiologists was 0.70 (0.64-0.76). The Kappa value was 0.528, 0.325 and 0.370 respectively between expert and senior radiologists, expert and junior radiologists, senior and junior radiologists. The AUC (95% CI) of junior, senior, and expert radiologists were separately 0.73 (0.65-0.81), 0.81 (0.74-0.88), and 0.86 (0.80-0.93). The AUC of the expert radiologist PI-RR score was higher than those of senior and junior radiologist PI-RR scores ( Z=2.22, 3.21, FDR P=0.039, 0.003). The PI-RR score of senior radiologist had higher AUC than that of junior radiologist ( Z=2.22, FDR P=0.026). With the PI-RR score of 3 or greater as a cutoff value, the sensitivity of junior, senior and expert radiologists were respectively 0.59, 0.65, and 0.78 and the specificity were 0.82, 0.93, and 0.95. With the PI-RR score of 4 or greater as a cutoff value, the sensitivity of junior, senior and expert radiologists were respectively 0.50, 0.54, and 0.69 and the specificity were 0.88, 0.96 and 0.97. Conclusion:PI-RR score can accurately diagnose local recurrence of PCa after RP. PI-RR score has a moderate inter-reader consistency across different seniority radiologists. And the diagnostic performance is influenced by the experience of radiologists.