In 2022， Hainan provincial government launched the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis with the goals of a hepatitis B screening rate of 90%， a diagnostic rate of 90%， and a treatment rate of 80% among people aged 18 years and above by the year 2025， and the main intervention measures include population-based prevention， case screening， antiviral therapy， and health management. As of December 31， 2024， a total of 6.875 million individuals in the general population had been screened for hepatitis B， with a screening rate of 95.6%. A total of 184 710 individuals with positive HBsAg were identified， among whom 156 772 were diagnosed through serological reexamination， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 84.9%. A total of 50 742 patients with chronic hepatitis B were identified， among whom 42 921 had hepatitis B-specific health records established for health management， with a file establishment rate of 84.6%. A total of 31 553 individuals received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 62.2%. A total of 2.503 million individuals at a high risk of hepatitis C were screened， among whom 4 870 tested positive for HCV antibody and 3 858 underwent HCV RNA testing， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 79.2%， and 1 824 individuals with positive HCV RNA were identified， among whom 1 194 received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 65.5%. In addition， 159 301 individuals with negative HBsAg and anti-HBs and an age of 20 — 40 years were inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. Through the implementation of the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis， a large number of hepatitis patients have been identified， treated， and managed in the province within a short period of time， which significantly accelerates the efforts to eliminate the crisis of viral hepatitis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) on gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with constipation. METHODS: A total of 80 PD patients with constipation were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. Additionally, 40 healthy individuals were recruited as a healthy control group. The control group received conventional Western medical treatment for PD combined with polyethylene glycol (PEG), once daily for eight weeks. The observation group received additional ACE treatment at bilateral Tianshu (ST25), Zusanli (ST36), and Shangjuxu (ST37), once every two weeks for eight weeks. The healthy control group received no intervention. The spontaneous bowel movements (SBMs) per week and patient assessment of constipation quality of life (PAC-QOL) scores were assessed at baseline and after treatment in the two groups. Fecal samples were collected at the end of treatment for the observation and the control groups and at baseline for the healthy control group. Gut microbiota composition and diversity were analyzed using 16S rRNA method, and SCFA levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the observation group showed a significant increase in SBMs (P<0.01), and PAC-QOL scores including physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worry and concern, and total score were significantly reduced (P<0.01) after treatment; the control group also showed a reduction in PAC-QOL total score after treatment (P<0.01). After treatment, the observation group had significantly more SBMs (P<0.01), and lower PAC-QOL physical discomfort, psychosocial discomfort, worry and concern scores, and total score (P<0.01), and higher PAC-QOL satisfaction score (P<0.01) than the control group. Compared with the healthy control group, the control group showed decreased Chao1 and Ace indices (P<0.01). Compared with the healthy control group, the relative abundance of Prevotella and Roseburia was increased (P<0.05), while that of Enterobacter and Ruminococcus torques (six species in total) was decreased (P<0.05) in the control group. Compared with the control group, the observation group had increased relative abundance of Dialister, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus torques (P<0.05), and decreased relative abundance of Prevotella and Eubacterium ruminantium (P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the control group had increased fecal SCFA levels (P<0.05); compared with the control group, the observation group had reduced fecal SCFA levels (P<0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels were elevated in the control group (P<0.05); compared with the control group, acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid levels were decreased in the observation group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION ACE could increase spontaneous bowel movements and improve the quality of life in PD patients with constipation, which may be related to the regulation of gut microbiota composition and SCFA levels.
Humans ; Constipation/metabolism* ; Male ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Acupuncture Points ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease/complications* ; Aged ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism* ; Catgut ; Feces/microbiology* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Quality of Life ; Adult

Objective Methyltransferase 3(METTL3)mediated N6-methyladenosine(m6A)methylation modifica-tion of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7(TRPM7)regulates ferroptosis and malig-nant progression in cervical cancer(CESC).Methods Totally 40 patients with cervical cancer were collected.Cer-vical cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues(≥3 cm from the edge of the tumor tissue)were sampled at opera-tion and then divided into experimental group and control group,respectively.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the differences in TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression between the two groups.TRPM7-interfering cell lines were constructed to investigate the effects of TRPM7 on CESC cells.Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine(EdU)assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Transwell chamber assays were employed to evaluate cell invasion and migration capabilities.The levels of ferroptosis in CESC cells were measured using kits for reactive oxygen species(ROS),malondialdehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and Fe2+.Bioinformatics tools were utilized to predict methyltransferases associated with TRPM7.The interaction between METTL3 and TRPM7 was examined through RNA immunoprecipitation(RIP)and methylated RNA immunoprecip-itation quantitative PCR(Me-RIP qPCR).The effect of METTL3 on the stability of TRPM7 expression was assessed using actinomycin D assay.Results TRPM7 was highly expressed in CESC tissue and cells.Knockdown of TRPM7 significantly inhibited cell proliferation,promoted cell apoptosis,suppressed cell migration and invasion capabilities,and enhanced ferroptosis levels(P＜0.05).Bioinformatics predictions suggested that METTL3 might act as a methyltransferase for TRPM7.Interference with METTL3 gene expression significantly reduced TRPM7 pro-tein levels,decreased TRPM7 m6A modification levels,and impaired TRPM7 gene stability(P＜0.05).Conclusions METTL3 regulates CESC proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion,and ferroptosis by m6A meth-ylation modification of the TRPM7 gene.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trend of syphilis in Shiyan City, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating syphilis control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological statistical analysis on the data of syphilis cases from 2008 to 2020 in Shiyan City was performed. Results A total of 9 578 syphilis cases were reported in Shiyan City from 2008 to 2020, with the reported incidence rate ranging from 16.80/100 000 to 27.48/100 000. The reported incidence rate of syphilis showed a downward trend from 2008 to 2014 (χ² trend=44.869, P=0.000), and an upward trend from 2015 to 2020 (χ² trend=69.642, P=0.000). The composition ratio of syphilis in each stage had changed, with a decreasing trend in stage I and II syphilis. The composition ratio of recessive syphilis cases increased from 58.90% in 2008 to 93.10% in 2020, and gradually became the main epidemic type. No cases of fetal syphilis were reported in the past three years. The incidence rate of syphilis reported from 2008 to 2020 was generally higher in women than that in men, with a male to female ratio of 0.67:1. Occupations were mainly farmer, housework, and unemployment. The high incidence areas of syphilis in Shiyan City included mainly Maojian District, Zhangwan District, and Fangxian County, with the annual reported incidence rates being 38.40/100 000, 37.97/100 000, and 29.37/100 000, respectively. Conclusion The syphilis epidemic in Shiyan City from 2008 to 2020 has showed a trend of first decline and then rise. The prevention and treatment of syphilis in key populations and key areas should be strengthened according to the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis to control the spread of syphilis and reduce the harm to the public.

Objective:To optimize and compare method for hepatitis E virus (HEV) nucleic acid detection from pig liver, and provide technical references for HEV detection in animal viscera specimens.Methods:Three methods (PBS homogenization treatment, proteinase K treatment, chloroform extraction method) were used to pretreat and extract viral nucleic acid form pig liver, which was artificially contaminated with HEV fecal suspensions, and HEV RT-qPCR was used to compare the HEV recovery rate and inhibition rate. The optimized HEV method was applied to commercially available pig liver specimens, and HEV genotyping was performed on positive specimens.Results:The HEV recovery rate of PBS homogenization treatment, proteinase K treatment and chloroform extraction method was 9.88%, 0.19% and 17.28%, respectively. The recovery rate of proteinase K treatment was less than 1%, and it was discarded; t-test was performed to compare recovery rates of the other two methods, which showed statistically significant differences ( t=26.801, P<0.001), the chloroform extraction method had a higher recovery rate. The inhibition rates of the three methods were all less than 75%, within the range of the ISO/TS 15216-2∶2019 standard. Among 192 commercially available pig liver specimens, 17 specimens were detected positive for HEV RNA, with a nucleic acid positive rate of 8.85%; five specimens were successfully genotyped for HEV, all of which were genotype 4. Conclusions:The virus recovery effect was good when chloroform extraction method was used for pig liver pretreatment; moreover, this method could detect HEV RNA from commercially available pig livers, which indicate that it can be used for virus detection in food.

ASTM(American Society for Testing and Materials)F2052-21(Chinese corresponding standard titled as YY/T 0987.2)introduces a test method to measure the magnetically induced displacement force on medical devices in the magnetic resonance environment.This method has been widely accepted and utilized globally,which is intended for implantable medical devices that can be suspended from a string.The angular deflection of the string from the vertical is measured and thereby measuring out the magnitude of the magnetically induced deflection force relative to gravity.When applying this method on ultralight implants,it is practically almost impossible to use a suspension string that weighs less than 1%of the mass of the implant.That study proposes a method for measuring the magnetically induced displacement force on ultralight implants based on counterweight correction by using a string and clamp that exceed 1%of the weight of the implant.And then to measure the deflection angle according to the standard requirement,following that to correct the deflection angle by using the proportion of the mass of the implant under test to the total mass of the tested object,to obtain the measurement result.That study also provides theoretical calculations and experimental verification to the counterweight correction method,the results prove that the proposed method can effectively measure the magnetically induced displacement force on ultralight implants.

Gingival mesenchymal stem cells(GMSCs)are a population of mesenchymal stem cells found in the lamina propria of gingi-val tissue and can be isolated not only from healthy gingival tissue but also from hyperplastic or even inflamed gingival tissue.GMSCs have become a hot topic of research in oral disease treatment because of their abundant sources,easy availability,unique immunomod-ulatory properties and multi-directional differentiation potential.GMSCs have been used in the treatment of periodontitis,gingival reces-sion,oral cancer,mandibular defects,peripheral nerve injury repair and so on.To prevent and treat oral diseases,this study will re-view the recent progress of research on the application of GMSCs in oral diseases.

Objective To evaluate the performance of large language models in answering questions about childhood asthma, comprehensively understand the quality of their provision of information on children's health, and identify their limitations to facilitate model improvement. Methods Sixty common questions related to childhood asthma were formulated and put to two large language models known as Wenxin Yiyan and Zhipu Qingyan, which were publicly available in China. Three pediatric asthma specialists assessed the quality of the large language models'responses by using a blind method. Results Wenxin Yiyan scored higher in terms of accuracy, understanding, reliability, and logicality; Zhipu Qingyan scored higher in term of safety. Comparing the scores of the five different dimensions, it was found that large language models scored higher in terms of understanding, reliability and logicality, but relatively insufficient in terms of accuracy and safety. Conclusion Application of large language models in the education of children with asthma can provide useful references for asthma children and their parents. However, the current large language model technology still has certain limitations in terms of accuracy and safety, which requires further improvement and optimization.

Objective To investigate the biological safety of commercially available natural rubber latex and synthetic polyurethane condoms.Methods Natural rubber latex condom brands of A1 and A2 and polyurethane condom brands of B1 and B2 were purchased from large chain pharmacies in Chengdu,with three packages randomly selected for each brand.The study assessed the toxic effects of condom extracts on L-929 mouse fibroblasts according to GB/T standards.Gross observation and histopathological evaluation were conducted to assess the irritation reactions of condoms on the vagina and penis of rabbits(3 rabbits were used for each brand),as well as their sensitization effects on guinea pig skin.Additionally,the impact of continuous perfusion of condom extracts of the vaginas of SD rats for 30 days on their reproductive systems was evaluated,following GB/T standards(5 rats were used for each brand).Results Extracts from natural rubber latex condom brands A1 and A2,at concentrations of 100%and 50%,exhibited significant cytotoxicity,with optical density(OD)values being significantly lower than those of the blank control group and the polyurethane condom brands B1 and B2(P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in cell morphology and OD values between the extracts of B1 and B2 and the blank control group(P＞0.05).Vaginal congestion was found in 3 rabbits from A1 group and 1 rabbit from the A2 group,while no obvious congestion was noted in rabbits from the B1 and the B2 groups.Histopathological examination showed scattered inflammatory cell infiltration in the vaginal tissue of 3 rabbits from the A1 group and 2 rabbits from the A2 group,and slight congestion in the blood vessels of the lamina propria.No obvious pathological changes were observed in the vaginal tissue of polyurethane brand rabbits.Two rabbits from the A1 group and 1 rabbit from the A2 group showed transient and mild erythema on the penis during the experiment.Histopathological examination showed that 1 rabbit from A1 group had small foci of pericapillary lymphocytes in the dermis of the penis,while no significant pathological changes were observed in the penile tissue of A2,B1,and B2 groups.After 30 days of continuous vaginal perfusion with condom extract,3 rats in A1 group and 2 rats in the A2 group had uterine congestion,with the degree of congestion being lower in the A2 group.No significant congestion or pathological changes were observed in the vaginal and penile tissues of rabbits,or in the uterine tissues of rats from the polyurethane groups.None of the 4 groups of guinea pigs showed significant skin allergic reactions to the condom extracts.Conclusion Significant differences in biosafety exist among condoms of various materials and brands.To ensure product safety,it is crucial to strengthen quality control and regulatory oversight after condoms become commercially available.