ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

ObjectiveTo explore the changes in color， odor and chemical components during wine-processing of Chuanxiong Rhizoma（CR）， identify differential markers， and provide a basis for standardizing the process and establishing quality standards. MethodsFifteen batches of CR samples from 4 producing areas were collected. Colorimeter and electronic nose were used to detect the color changes and odor components of CR before and after wine-processing. Multivariate statistical methods including partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）， principal component analysis（PCA）， discriminant factor analysis（DFA） and Fisher discriminant analysis were applied to identify wine-processed CR at different processing stages and establish discriminant models， and differential components were screened out based on variable importance in the projection（VIP） value1. Then， high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was employed to detect the content changes of four components（ferulic acid， senkyunolide I， senkyunolide A and ligustilide） during the processing stages. ResultsThe differences of wine-processed CR at various stages were primarily reflected in color parameters L^*（brightness value）， a^*（red-green value） and b^*（yellow-blue value）. Based on chromaticity differences， the color reference ranges were established for moderately processed CR， including L^* of 46.75-48.24， a^* of 5.37-6.07 and b^* of 20.32-21.70. In odor analysis， DFA revealed significant differences among processing stages， and 11 odor markers were identified， with four differential markers（4-hydroxy-3-butylphthalide， isopropyl butyrate， L-limonene and 1-methoxyhexane） based on VIP values. HPLC results showed that there was no significant difference of the four components except for ligustilide in wine-processed CR at different stages. ConclusionThis study achieved rapid identification of wine-processed CR with different processing degrees by electronic sensory technology and differential component content detection， with discrimination accuracy rates of 92.4% and 93.272% for color and odor， respectively. This paper also established the reference ranges of main colorimetric parameters for wine-processed CR at different stages， and four differential components were screened out， providing a basis for standardizing the processing of wine-processed CR and establishing quality standards for this decoction pieces.

Objective To establish typical values for interventional diagnosis and treatment at our institution, use these values as a tool to evaluate patient medical exposure doses, and optimize radiation protection measures. Methods From June to December 2023, we collected information on 593 adult cardiovascular interventional diagnosis and treatment surgeries, including surgery type, equipment model, air kerma-area product (KAP), incident reference point air kerma (K_a,r), perspective time (FT), and exposure mode. Results The typical value of cardiovascular interventional diagnosis at our institution in 2023 was 27.5 Gy·cm². The typical value of cardiovascular interventional treatment was 70.0 Gy·cm². The FT, KAP, and K_a,r of interventional surgeries were significantly higher than those of interventional diagnosis (P < 0.01). There were significant correlations between FT, KAP, and K_a,r (P < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study were slightly different from those of other studies. They provide typical data and reference values for cardiovascular interventional diagnosis and treatment dose levels in Beijing and are helpful for dose optimization between different medical institutions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and outcomes of recompensation in patients with autoimmune hepatitis （AIH）-related decompensated cirrhosis， to identify independent predictive factors， and to construct a nomogram prediction model for the probability of recompensation. MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among the adult patients with AIH-related decompensated cirrhosis who were admitted to The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from January 2015 to August 2023 （n=211）. The primary endpoint was achievement of recompensation， and the secondary endpoint was liver-related death or liver transplantation. According to the outcome of the patients at the end of the follow-up， the patients were divided into the recompensation group （n=16） and the persistent decompensation group（n=150）.The independent-samples t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data with homogeneity of variance， and the Mann-Whitney U rank sum test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data with heterogeneity of variance； the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups； the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis； the Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to identify independent predictive factors， and a nomogram model was constructed and validated. ResultsA total of 211 patients were enrolled， with a median age of 55.0 years and a median follow-up time of 44.0 months， and female patients accounted for 87.2%. Among the 211 patients， 61 （with a cumulative proportion of 35.5%） achieved recompensation. Compared with the persistent decompensation group， the recompensation group had significantly higher white blood cell count， platelet count （PLT）， total bilirubin （TBil）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， total bile acid， prothrombin time， international normalized ratio （INR）， SMA positive rate， Model for End-Stage Liver Disease （MELD） score， Child-Pugh score， and rate of use of glucocorticoids （all P0.05）， as well as significantly lower age at baseline， number of complications， and death/liver transplantation rate （all P0.05）. At 3 and 12 months after treatment， the recompensation group had continuous improvements in AST， TBil， INR， IgG， MELD score， and Child-Pugh score， which were significantly lower than the values in the persistent decompensation group （all P0.05）， alongside with continuous increases in PLT and albumin， which were significantly higher than the values in the persistent decompensation group （P0.05）. The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that baseline ALT （hazard ratio ［HR］=1.067， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 1.010 — 1.127， P=0.021）， IgG （HR=0.463，95%CI：0.258 — 0.833， P=0.010）， SMA positivity （HR=3.122，95%CI：1.768 — 5.515， P0.001）， and glucocorticoid therapy （HR=20.651，95%CI：8.744 — 48.770， P0.001） were independent predictive factors for recompensation， and the nomogram model based on these predictive factors showed excellent predictive performance （C-index=0.87，95%CI：0.84 — 0.90）. ConclusionAchieving recompensation significantly improves clinical outcomes in patients with AIH-related decompensated cirrhosis. Baseline SMA positivity， a high level of ALT， a low level of IgG， and corticosteroid therapy are independent predictive factors for recompensation. The predictive model constructed based on these factors can provide a basis for decision-making in individualized clinical management.

Objective:To investigate the changes in spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) caused by spinal osteotomy shortening and its impact on spinal cord function, thereby determining a safe range for osteotomy shortening.Methods:Fifteen healthy male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (spinal osteotomy with dura mater exposure only), the shortening 1/3 group (spinal shortening by one-third with dura mater exposure), and the shortening 1/2 group (spinal shortening by one-half with dura mater exposure), with five rabbits in each group. A laser speckle imaging system was used to monitor SCBF and spinal vascular diameter throughout the spinal osteotomy and shortening procedures. SCBF and vascular diameter were recorded postoperatively. Spinal cord function was assessed using intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring, and sensory and motor functions were evaluated using the Reuters score before and after surgery.Results:No abnormalities were detected in the electrophysiological monitoring of any group during the experiment. Laser speckle imaging revealed that, compared to pre-osteotomy levels, some branch vessels began to fade significantly when spinal shortening reached 1/3, and some small branch vessels disappeared in imaging at 1/2 shortening. The postoperative SCBF values for the control, shortening 1/3, and shortening 1/2 groups were 229.71±139.00 PU, 296.84±118.21 PU, and 168.06±76.57 PU, respectively, with significant differences ( F=43.820, P<0.001). The postoperative spinal vascular diameters were 215.39±118.23 μm, 276.47±96.00 μm, and 350.77±90.97 μm, respectively, also showing significant differences ( F=32.150, P<0.001). Postoperative Reuters scores were 1.20±0.45, 2.40±0.55, and 4.00±0.71 for the control, shortening 1/3, and shortening 1/2 groups, respectively, with significant differences ( F=29.600, P<0.001). The shortening 1/2 group had significantly higher scores than both the control and shortening 1/3 groups ( P<0.05). A positive correlation was observed between SCBF and spinal cord blood vessel diameter from pre-osteotomy to 1/3 shortening ( r=0.661, P=0.037). However, SCBF negatively correlated with postoperative Reuters scores from 1/3 to 1/2 shortening ( r=-0.830, P=0.003), whereas spinal cord blood vessel diameter showed a positive correlation with postoperative Reuters scores ( r=0.537, P=0.039). Conclusions:As the degree of spinal shortening increases, the diameter of spinal cord blood vessels gradually expands, while SCBF initially rises and then declines. A positive correlation exists between vascular diameter and SCBF at shortening ratios of <1/3, whereas a negative correlation is observed between SCBF and postoperative Reuters scores at shortening ratios between 1/3 and 1/2. Additionally, vascular diameter correlates positively with postoperative Reuters scores from pre-osteotomy to 1/2 shortening. These findings suggest that spinal cord function can be effectively preserved when spinal shortening does not exceed 1/2.

Objective:This study aimed to compare postoperative pain between minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS-CABG) and conventional CABG for multivessel coronary artery disease, comparing baseline characteristics and perioperative data between the two groups, and analyzing risk factors influencing postoperative pain.Methods:A total of 545 patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) for multivessel coronary artery disease at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were included. There were 397 patients in the conventional CABG group (289 males, 108 females, aged 35-77 years) and 148 patients in the minimally invasive CABG group (121 males, 27 females, aged 37-84 years), with 148 patients in each group after propensity score matching. Pain levels were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at the first 5 days postoperatively (acute postoperative pain, APP) and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively (chronic post-surgical pain, CPSP). Logistic regression was used to analyze risk factors for CPSP at 3 months postoperatively in both groups. Results:Within 48 hours postoperatively, both groups reported maximum NRS pain intensities at rest (NRS 4.0 vs. 6.0) and during activity (NRS 5.2 vs. 7.5). From the third day after surgery, there were no significant differences in resting pain intensity between the two groups, and from the fourth day after surgery, there were no significant differences in pain intensity during movement. With 60.2% in the conventional group and 92.6% in the minimally invasive group experiencing moderate to severe pain at rest (NRS ≥ 4), and 83.5% in the conventional group and 98.0% in the minimally invasive group experiencing moderate to severe pain during activity (NRS ≥ 4). Immediately after drain removal, there was a significant reduction in pain intensity at rest in the minimally invasive group (pre-drain removal NRS 6.0 vs. post-drain removal NRS 2.7), compared to the conventional group (pre-drain removal NRS 4.0 vs. post-drain removal NRS 2.3). However, there was no significant difference in the reduction of pain intensity during activity between the minimally invasive group (pre-drain removal NRS 7.5 vs. post-drain removal NRS 4.2) and the conventional group (pre-drain removal NRS 6.0 vs. post-drain removal NRS 2.7). At 3 months postoperatively, the incidence of CPSP was 35.9% in the conventional group and 35.1% in the minimally invasive group. At 6 months postoperatively, the incidence of CPSP was significantly lower compared to 3 months in both groups (conventional group 8.7% vs. minimally invasive group 6.8%, P<0.001). In the conventional group, higher Europe SCORE Ⅱ was identified as an independent risk factor for CPSP at 3 months postoperatively, while in the minimally invasive group, higher BMI and postoperative use of flurbiprofen for rescue analgesia were identified as independent risk factors. Conclusion:In patients undergoing minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the early postoperative acute pain intensity and incidence were higher than those in the conventional CABG group. After drain removal, there were no significant differences in resting pain intensity between the two groups, but pain intensity during movement remained higher in the minimally invasive group compared to the conventional group. The incidence of chronic pain did not differ between the two groups but decreased significantly from 3 months postoperatively. Conventional CABG patients with high preoperative Europe SCORE Ⅱ scores, high preoperative BMI and severe postoperative acute pain tend to have more chronic pain after minimally invasive bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND:Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a common spinal deformity that seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients.Modal analysis will focus on analyzing the natural vibration characteristics of the thoracic spine and its stability and response under the influence of external vibration.This analysis is expected to not only enhance the understanding of the thoracic curvature of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,but also provide new perspectives and methods for developing new treatment strategies,designing personalized braces,and evaluating surgical outcomes.OBJECTIVE:To create a three-dimensional finite element model to evaluate the response modes of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral discs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients at different vibration frequencies,and determine the potential frequency range of injury risk.METHODS:This study was jointly conducted at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and the School of Mechanical Engineering at the Boda Campus of Xinjiang University from June 2023 to June 2024.The research subject was a patient with severe spinal and thoracic curvature.CT images were obtained using Siemens dual source spiral CT scanning,and a fine T1-T12 three-dimensional finite element model was established using software such as Mimics,Geomagic Studio,Solidworks,and Hypermesh.Abaqus software was used to perform modal analysis on the model and obtain the maximum amplitude and corresponding vibration modes of the first 12 modes of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral disc.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The modal analysis results showed that the entire thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs mainly bent and twisted around the X and Y axes in the lower order modes,while increasing rotation around the Z axis in the higher order modes.(2)The T1-T3 and T6-T8 segments showed the most significant deformation and higher load burden,indicating that these regions played a crucial role in the development of scoliosis.(3)When the natural frequency was concentrated between 98.832 to 121.97 cycles/s for a long time,the vibration displacement of the entire thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs was large,which might lead to spinal injury.(4)Through finite element modal analysis,this study provides a scientific basis for understanding the response of the entire thoracic spine and intervertebral discs in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients under various vibration frequencies,thereby offering crucial insights into clinical treatment,prevention,and particularly,vibration-related protective strategies.Furthermore,by identifying the potential frequency range of injury risk,this study provides an important basis for developing vibration protection measures and optimizing spinal care strategies for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of lidocaine medicated plaster （LMP） combined with pregabalin （PGB） on patients with postherpetic neuralgia （PHN）, and the impact on serum pain mediators. Methods 108 PHN patients admitted in our hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected and grouped according to the time point of receiving treatment, 54 PHN patients treated with PGB from January 2024 to June 2024 were included in the PGB group, and 54 PHN patients treated with LMP on top of the PGB group from July 2024 to December 2024 were included in the PGB+LMP group. Comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of pain score, serum pain mediator levels, dosage of PGB, and incidence of adverse reactions. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, both groups showed a decrease in Pain Rating Index scores （sensory score and affective score）, Present Pain Intensity score, Visual Analog Scale score, and total score. Meanwhile, above scores of the PGB+LMP group were lower than those of the PGB group （P<0.05）. After 4 weeks of treatment, the levels of substance P（SP） and neuropeptide Y （NPY） in both groups were lower than those before treatment, while serum 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） levels were higher than those before treatment. Moreover, the levels of SP and NPY were lower, and 5-HT level was higher in the PGB+LMP group than in the PGB group （P<0.05）. The dosages of PGB in the PGB+LMP group at T1, T, T3 and T4 were significantly lower than those in the PGB group （P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 1.85%（1/54） in the PGB+LMP group. Compared to 5.56%（3/54） in the PGB group, and the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Conclusion LMP combined with PGB was effective in the treatment of patients with PHN, which could effectively alleviate pain and lower the levels of serum pain mediators, with good safety.

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (MICS CABG) and traditional CABG in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods From 2019 to 2021, the patients who received CABG by the same medical group in the Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Center of Beijing Anzhen Hospital were retrospectively enrolled. According to the surgery methods, the patients were divided into two groups: a MICS CABG group and a conventional group. The perioperative and postoperative follow-up data of patients were collected. The main observation results included all cause death events, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular, revascularization, and adverse wound healing. Results According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 140 patients were enrolled, including 66 patients in the MICS CABG group [56 males and 10 females, aged (61.83±8.94) years], and 74 patients in the conventional group [55 males and 19 females, aged (58.61±8.26) years]. Compared with the conventional group, patients in the MICS CABG group had longer median surgical time (4.50 h vs. 4.00 h, P=0.005), less intraoperative bleeding (600.00 mL vs. 700.00 mL, P=0.020), and a lower rate of secondary debridement and suturing of surgical wounds (4.5% vs. 16.2%, P=0.023). The median follow-up time was 2.54 years. There was no statistically significant difference in the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (7.6% vs. 5.4%), all-cause mortality (0.0% vs. 0.0%), myocardial infarction (3.0% vs. 2.7%), cerebrovascular events (4.5% vs. 2.7%), or revascularization (0.0% vs. 0.0%) between the two groups of patients during the postoperative follow-up (P>0.05). Conclusion MICS CABG can achieve the same revascularization effect as traditional CABG in patients with CHD and DM. MICS CABG can effectively reduce adverse clinical outcomes or complications such as adverse chest wound healing and slow postoperative recovery of body function in patients with DM.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) accompanied with KMT2D gene mutation and the impact of its co-mutated genes on prognosis. Methods Clinical data of 155 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients were obtained. The second-generation sequencing method was used to detect 475 hotspot genes, including KMT2D mutation. Patients were divided into the KMT2D mutation group and KMT2D wild-type group based on the presence or absence of KMT2D gene mutation. Clinical characteristics, differences in co-mutated genes, and survival differences between the two groups were compared. Results The frequency of KMT2D mutation was 31%, which is predominantly observed in elderly patients (P=0.07) and less in the double-expressor phenotype (P=0.07). Compared with the KMT2D wild-type group, KMT2D gene mutation was associated with higher co-mutation rates of CDKN2A (OR=2.82, P=0.01) and BCL2 (OR=3.84, P=0.016), while being mutually exclusive with MYC gene mutation (OR=0.11, P=0.013). In univariate survival analysis, no statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) was found between the KMT2D mutation group and the wild-type group (P=0.54). Further analysis of the prognostic significance of KMT2D with other gene mutations indicated that patients with KMT2D^mutBTG2^mut had poorer OS than those with KMT2D^wt BTG2^mut (P=0.07) and KMT2D^wt BTG2^wt (P=0.05). On the contrary, patients with KMT2D^mut CD79B^mut had better OS than those with KMT2D^mut CD79B^wt (P=0.09), with no prognostic impact observed for other co-mutated genes. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that Ann Arbor stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ (HR=2.751, 95%CI: 1.169-6.472, P=0.02), elevated LDH levels (HR=2.461, 95%CI: 1.396-4.337, P=0.002), Ki-67 index>80% (HR=1.875, 95%CI: 1.066-3.299, P=0.029), and KMT2D^mutBTG2^mut(HR=4.566, 95%CI: 1.348-15.471, P=0.015) were independent risk factors for OS in patients with DLBCL (P<0.05). Conclusion DLBCL patients with KMT2D mutation often have multiple gene mutations, among which patients with a co-mutated BTG2 gene have poor prognosis.